FL PROF RES Flashcards
General Grounds for Discipline
- violation of a professional conduct rule or knowingly assisting another
- failure to disclose material information in bar app
- refusal to cooperate w/ disciplinary investigation
- crime that reflects adversely on honesty or trustworthiness or fitness as lawyer
- intentionally engaging in conduct thats dishonest, fraudulent, deceitful, or misrepresentation (except when undercover)
- conduct in connection w/ law practice that is prejudicial to administration of justice
- stating or implying ability to influence govt official or achieve results by unethical means
- knowingly helping judge to violate judicial conduct rules
- willfully failing to pay for child support
- engaging sexual conduct w/ client that exploits or adversely affects atty-client relationship
- disparagement, humiliation, or discrimination of litigants, jurors, witnesses, or other lawyer
Duty to Report
Lawyer who knows of another atty’s violation that raises a substantial question as to that lawyer’s honesty, trustworthiness, or fitness as a lawyer must report that violation
Exceptions :
- confidential information of client
- lawyer’s assistance programs
- mediation
Unauthorized practice of law
- out of state lawyer cannot advertise in Florida
- cannot establish office in FL
- cannot hold self out to public as being admitted in FL
Temporary Practice by Out of State Lawyer
- associate w/ FL licensed lawyer
- pro hac vice (litigation)
- services are performed for client who resides or has an office in state where lawyer licensed
- temporary practice reasonably relates to the lawyer’s home state practce
Permanent Practice by Out of State Lawyer
A lawyer admitted in another state or foreign jdx can provide legal services in FL under the following circumstances
1. Lawyer is authorized by federal or local law to practice a restricted branch of law or
2. lawyer is an authorized in house counsel for organization
Partnership With Nonlawyer
Cannot form a partnership or other organization with a nonlawyer if any of the organization’s activities consist of the practice of law
Nonlawyer Control of Firm
Law firms must not be set up where nonlawyer (1) owns an interest of the firm (2) is a corporate officer or director or (3) has the right to direct or control a lawyer’s professional judgment
Overarching Obligation
A partner or other managing lawyer must make reasonable efforts to ensure that the firm has in effect measures giving reasonable assurance that all members of the firm conform to the RPC
Restriction on Right to Practice
No partnership or employment agreements that restrict right to practice upon termination
Exception - reasonable one upon retirement
A lawyer may not make a settlement agreement for a client that restricts the right of the lawyer to practice law (ex, settling with opposing party under condition the lawyer will never represent another client against that party again)
Sale of Law Practice
- sell entire practice, or entire area of practice
- purchaser must be authorized in FL
- written notice to clients (consent presumed w/n 30 days)
- purchaser cannot increase fees because of sale
Fees
- Cannot be clearly excessive
- Cannot violate the advertising or solicitation rules
Communicating fee to client
- must communicate basis or rate of fee at outset of the matter (except for regularly represented client)
- writing preferable, but not required (exception, non refundable fees) (exception, contingency fees)
Contingent Fees
A fee that is dependent on the successful resolution of the client’s case.
Must be
1. In writing
2. Signed by client
3. Singed by each participating lawyer
4. Specific disclosure requirements
- method of calculation
- whether expenses deducted before or after legal fee taken out
- closing statement (how settled, where money went, etc)
Where contingency fee prohibited
- domestic relations case (recovering child support/alimony is a collections case if the client comes and asks you to try to get it from the individual)
- criminal cases
Contingency Fee in PI or Property Damage Cases - Statement of Client Rights
- right to cancel w/n 3 days of signing by written notification (client obligated to pay reasonable expenses incurred by lawyer)
- lawyers experience and education
- whether lawyer will bring in another atty
- right to closing statement
- right to be kept fully infomred
- right to decide on settlement (fully informed)
Caps on Fee if Defendant admits liability
First $1 million - 33 and 1/3%
Next $1-2 million — 20% limit
Beyond 2 million - 15%
Cap on fee if recovery comes after Ds answer is filed
First $1 mil - 40%
Next $1-2 mil - 30%
Beyond $2 mil - 20%
Appeal Fee Cap
Additional 5% allowed
Cap on Fee if settlement before Ds answer filed
1st million - 33 & 1/3%
Next $1-2 Mill - 30%
Beyond 2 mil - 20%
Caps on Contingency Fees in Medical Malpractice Cases
30% for first $250k in damages, and 10% of all damages over $250k
Conditions for Dividing Fee w/ Outside lawyer
- total fee reasonable and
- either
1. Split based on each lawyer’s work OR
2. By written agent with client (a) lawyer assumes joint responsibility (b) lawyer agrees to be available for consultation (c) basis of split disclosed to client (most common)
Dividing Contingent Fee w/ Outside Lawyer in PI or Property Damage
- Lawyer w/ primary responsibility gets at least 75% (can ask court to waive if both working equally)
Dividing Fees w/ Nonlawyers
Can’t share w/ nonlawyer
Exceptions
- bonus to nonlawyer employee for extraordinary effort (not based on generation of business and not calculated as percentage of fees)
- sharing court awarded atty fees w/ not-for-profit organization that hired or recommended lawyer in matter
Forms of Payment
May accept in any form - cash, credit cards, real property, or personal property
Problem if lawyer has knowledge of the greater value of the property than the client
Cannot charge more than actual charge the credit card imposes for transaction
Mandatory Arbitration Agmt
An agreement containing a mandatory arbitration clause for fee disputes must include language stating that the client is advised to consult with independent counsel before signing the agreement and that the client waives any right to go to court to resolve fee disputes.
Court Appointments
A lawyer must not seek to avoid appointment unless there is good cause (unreasonable financial burden, strong feelings against client, or if representing may result in violation of the RPC)
Rejecting Cases for Ethical Reason
A lawyer may be obligated to reject case b/c the representation would lead to ethical violation
Scope of Representation
Can limit scope of representation if (1) reasonable and (2) client gives informed consent
When client always has final decision
- Settling a civil case
- In criminal cases — (a) whether to take plea (b) whether to waive jury (c) whether to testify
- Activities relating to fees
Competence
- Includes legal knowledge, skill, thoroughness, preparation reasonably necessary for the representation
- Can solve competence problem by (a) learning (b) consult with another lawyer
Diligence
Must act with reasonable diligence and promptness in representing a client. As such, a lawyer must control their workload so that each matter can be adequately handled. Diligence also includes acting with dedication to the client’s interests and pursuing the matter to completion.
Communication
- keep client reasonable informed and respond to reasonable requests for info
- explain matter to client so that they can make informed decisions
- discuss offers to settle and plea bargains
Duty of Confidentiality
- Must not disclose information relating to representation without consent
- Applies even if not ultimately hired
- continues after relationship ceases
Broader than the atty client privilege. It prohibits any disclosure of any type of information relating to the representation, no matter its source.
Exceptions to Duty of Confidentiality
Where exception applies — allowed to share only to the extent reasonably necessary
1. To prevent the client from committing ANY FUTURE crime (not just where death or serious bodily injury)
2. Prevent death or substantial bodily injury (can include past crimes)(i.e., i stabbed my boss and he’s in my basement probably still alive)
Permissive Exceptions to Confidentiality
- To serve client’s interest
- Establish defense or claim on behalf of the lawyer in controversy w/ client
- Establish a defense in other proceeding or respond to allegations in any proceeding concerning lawyer’s representation of the client
- To detect and resolve conflict of interest due to change (such as merger or consolidation) (basic info only)
- Otherwise allowed by rules, or ordered by court
Does the Duty of Confidentiality Apply to Physical Evidence
NO
Protecting Client’s Information
Must take reasonable measures to prevent inadvetent disclosure or unauthorized access.
Must Not Commingle Funds
A lawyer generally must never place their own money or their firm’s money into the client trust account. However, the lawyer may keep enough of their own funds in the trust account to cover bank service charges and to replenish a shortage.
Trust Accounts
OK to have one trust account for clients money but must keep good accounting
A lawyer must not authorize overdraft protection for any account that contains trust funds
Advances for legal fees go into client trust account and are withdrawn by lawyer as earned
Non refundable Fees Earned on Receipt
- non refundable availability retainer (guarantees availability, confirmed by letter to client)
- a flat fee (must be confirmed in writing)
^^ Goes into operating account - if client ends up needing you, they have a credit
Combined Advance and Nonrefundable payment
If client gives the lawyer a negotiable instrument that represents both payments, deposit the entire amount in the client trust account then withdraw nonrefundable portion