FJCL Monarchy & Republic Flashcards
What day was Rome founded
April 21st, 753 BC
In what year did the Monarchy end?
510 BC
In what year did the Republic end and Empire begin?
27 BC
Who are the parents of Romulus and Remus?
Mars and Rhea Silvia
After Romulus and Remus were abandoned and nursed by a wolf, what shepherd took them in?
Faustulus
What wife of Faustulus helped raise Romulus and Remus?
Acca Laurentia
Romulus returned to Alba Longa to help what man, his grandfather, seize back the throne from Amulius?
Numitor
What was the name of Romulus’s Sabine wife?
Hersilia
With what Sabine king did Romulus co-rule?
Titus Tatius
What name is given to Romulus’s deified form following his death?
Quirinus
Who was the first king of Rome?
Romulus
Who was the second king of Rome?
Numa Pompilius
Who was the third king of Rome?
Tullus Hostilius
Who was the fourth king of Rome?
Ancus Marcius
Who was the fifth king of Rome?
Tarquinius Priscus
Who was the sixth king of Rome?
Servius Tullius
Who was the seventh and final king of Rome?
Tarquinius Superbus
Which Roman king reformed the calendar and religion?
Numa Pompilius
What nymph did Numa Pompilius have as a consort?
Egeria
What king had the nymph Egeria as a consort?
Numa Pompilius
What Roman king destroyed Alba Longa and its king Mettius Fufetius?
Tullus Hostilius
Who was the king of Alba Longa when Tullus Hostilius destroyed it?
Mettius Fufetius
To decide the war against Alba Longa, two sets of triplets fought against each other. What were the names of the triplets on both sides?
Horatii (Roman) & Curiatii (Alban)
What Roman king built the Curia (senate house)?
Tullus Hostilius
What Roman king died in a fire at his palace after neglecting the worship of Jupiter Elicius?
Tullus Hostilius
What Roman king is said to have built the Pons Sublicius, the first bridge across the Tiber River?
Ancus Marcius
What Roman king had a wife named Tanaquil?
Tarquinius Priscus
What Roman king both drained the Forum and began work on the Circus Maximus?
Tarquinius Priscus
The construction of what Roman structure, primarily used for chariot races, was begun by Tarquinius Priscus?
Circus Maximus
Which Roman king was supposedly born a slave?
Servius Tullius
Which Roman king built a namesake wall surrounding the city of Rome?
Servius Tullius
What Roman king was killed by both his successor and his daughter?
Servius Tullius
Which Roman king married Tullia, the daughter of his predecessor?
Tarquinius Superbus
What Roman king’s name means “the Proud”?
Tarquinius Superbus
What Roman king built the Cloaca Maxima, an underground sewer system in Rome?
Tarquinius Superbus
What name was given to the underground sewer system constructed by Tarquinius Superbus?
Cloaca Maxima
The rape of what woman, the wife of Collatinus, by Sextus Tarquinius largely led to the downfall of Tarquinius Superbus?
Lucretia
What two men were the first consuls of Rome?
Lucius Iunius Brutus & Collatinus
From what Etruscan king did Tarquinius Superbus seek aid after he was driven out of Rome by Brutus and Collatinus?
Lars Porsenna
What was the capital of Etruria?
Clusium
Which “one-eyed” Roman hero defended the Pons Sublicius single handedly against the Etruscans?
Horatius Cocles
Having tried to kill Lars Porsenna, what Roman hero thrust his right arm into the fire to demonstrate his bravery and earned the nickname “Lefty”?
Gaius Mucius Scaevola
What Roman hero rescued hostages held by Porsenna by swimming across the Tiber and was released due to her willingness to sacrifice herself?
Cloelia
What Roman, who received his name after defeating a Volscian city, is exiled from Rome then seeks to attack Rome before he is stopped by his family?
Coriolanus
What two women, his mother and wife, convince Coriolanus not to invade Rome?
Veturia (Mom) & Volumnia (Wife)
In 458 BC, what man was appointed dictator to rescue Roman troops trapped at Mount Algidus by the Aequi?
Cincinnatus
What Roman dictator went back to his plow after just 16 days?
Cincinnatus
What set of laws were codified by the decemviri and officially enacted in 449 BC?
12 Tables
What group of “10 men” led the codification of the 12 Tables?
Decemviri
What man led the decemviri in the codification of the 12 Tables?
Appius Claudius
What man helped rid Rome of Gauls for which he earned the title Pater Patriae?
Camillus
What Etruscan city did Camillus defeat before he was exiled from Rome?
Veii
At what battle in 390 BC did Brennus lead the Gauls in a victory against Rome?
Allia River
What man uttered “Vae Victis” (“Woe to the Conquered”) after defeating the Romans at Allia River in 390 BC?
Brennus
At what battle in 321 BC were the Romans crushed by the Samnites after which they were forced to “pass under the yoke”?
Caudine Forks
At what battle in 315 BC were the Romans again defeated by the Samnites in the 2nd Samnite War?
Lautulae
What blind censor in 312 BC built both the Via Appia and the Aqua Appia?
Appius Claudius Caecus
At what battle in 295 BC did Publius Decius Mus commit an act of “devotio”, sacrificing himself to ensure victory over the Samnites?
Sentinum
What Roman committed an act of “devotio”, sacrificing himself to ensure victory over the Samnites at the battle of Sentinum in 295 BC?
(Publius) Decius Mus
With what king of Epirus did Rome fight a war starting in 280 BC?
Pyrrhus
Who was the first person to use elephants for warfare against Rome?
Pyrrhus
What battle of 280 BC was the first between Rome and Pyrrhus?
Heraclea
At what battle of 279 BC did Pyrrhus technically defeat the Romans, but lost too many troops in the “Pyrrhic victory”?
Asculum
At what battle in 275 BC did the Romans finally defeat Pyrrhus?
Beneventum/Malventum
What Roman ambassador did Pyrrhus try to bribe to no avail?
Fabricius
Against what people did Rome fight a series of Punic Wars?
Carthage
Over what island was the 1st Punic War fought?
Sicily
What was the name of the grappling hook plank that Rome invented during the 1st Punic War in order to board Carthaginian ships?
Corvus
What war lasts from 264-241 BC?
1st Punic War
What battle of 260 BC during the First Punic War was the first naval victory for Rome?
Mylae
What battle in 241 BC ended the first Punic War?
Aegates Islands
What wars lasts from 218-201 BC?
2nd Punic War
What war began when Hannibal crossed the Ebro River in Spain in 218 BC?
Second Punic War
What two battles does Rome lose against Carthage in 218 BC?
Ticinus River and Trebia River
What battle does Rome lose to Carthage in 217 BC?
Lake Trasimene
What battle of 216 BC, Rome’s worst defeat in history, is known as a ‘dies ater’?
Cannae
At what battle of 202 BC does Scipio Africanus defeat Hannibal leading to the end of the Second Punic War?
Zama
What Roman consul is victorious at the battle of Zama over Hannibal in 202 BC?
(Pubilus Cornelius) Scipio Africanus
What man, who swore his hatred to the Romans had a young age at the behest of his father, was defeated by the Romans in the Second Punic War?
Hannibal
Who forced Hannibal to swear an oath of hatred against Rome?
(His father) Hamilcar Barca
At what battle of 168 BC did the Roman Aemilius Paulus defeat Perseus of Macedon?
Pydna
Who defeated the forces of Perseus of Macedon at the battle of Pydna in 168 BC?
Aemilus Paulus
What Macedonian does Aemilus Paulus defeat at the battle of Pydna in 168 BC?
Perseus
What war lasts from 149-146 BC?
3rd Punic War
Who was the victorious Roman general during the 3rd Punic War?
Scipio Aemilianus
What Roman orator always ended his speech with “Carthago delenda est” (“Carthage must be destroyed”)?
Cato the Elder
With what famous quotation did Cato the Elder always end his speeches?
“Carthago delenda est”
What king bequeaths his kingdom of Pergamum to Rome in 133 BC?
Attalus III
What two brothers each became tribunes in an attempt to pass land reform: one in 133 BC and the other in 121 BC?
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
What nickname did Cornelia give to her sons, the Gracchi brothers?
Gemmae (her gems)
The Gracchi brothers are grandsons of what famed Roman general of the Second Punic War?
Scipio Africanus
What Roman was consul a record 7 times?
(Gaius) Marius
What man defeated the Teutones at Aquae Sextiae in 102 BC and the Cimbri at Vercellae in 101 BC?
(Gaius) Marius
With what man did Marius engage in a civil war on the side of the populares?
Sulla
With what man did Sulla engage in a civil war on the side of the optimates?
Marius
Who rules Rome as dictator from 81-79 BC following his victory at the Colline Gate against Marius?
Sulla
What man leads a slave revolt in 73 BC which was eventually quelled by Crassus?
Spartacus
What man puts down the slave revolt led by Spartacus in 71 BC?
Crassus
What two men and future members of the First Triumvirate serve as consuls in 70 BC?
Crassus and Pompey
What law of 67 BC gave Pompey command to take down the pirates in the Mediterranean?
Lex Gabinia
What law of 66 BC gave Pompey command against Mithridates (King of Pontus)
Lex Manilia
A number of events occur in 63 BC. What future emperor was born in 63 BC?
Octavian/Augustus
A number of events occur in 63 BC. What man becomes Pontifex Maximus in 63 BC?
Julius Caesar
A number of events occur in 63 BC. What office does Julius Caesar earn in 63 BC?
Pontifex Maximus?
A number of events occur in 63 BC. What man wins the consulship along with Antonius Hybrida?
Cicero
A number of events occur in 63 BC. Whose conspiracy does Cicero snuff out in 63 BC?
Catiline’s
A number of events occur in 63 BC. What king of Pontus dies in 63 BC?
Mithridates
In what year was the first triumvirate formed?
60 BC
Name the members of the first triumvirate.
Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus
Who earns the consulship with Bibulus in 59 BC
Julius Caesar
Due to Bibulus’s largely infectivity as consul, what year is known as the “Consulship of Julius and Caesar”?
59 BCE
Where does the First Triumvirate meet in 56 BC to divvy up duties and to decide on the consulship?
Luc(c)a
Following the meeting at Luca, to what province does Caesar get sent in 56 BC?
Gaul
What two triumvirs serve as consuls in 55 BC?
Crassus and Pompey
Where does Caesar defeat Vercingetorix in 52 BCE?
Alesia
What Gallic king does Caesar defeat at Alesia in 52 BC?
Vercingetorix
Who defeats the Gallic king Vercingetorix at Alesia in 52 BC?
Julius Caesar
At what battle against the Parthians does Crassus die in 53 BC?
Carrhae
Which of the triumvirs perishes at the battle of Carrhae against the Parthians?
Crassus
Following the death of Crassus, what man becomes sole consul of Rome in 52 BC?
Pompey
What river does Caesar cross in 49 BC officially starting his civil war against Pompey?
Rubicon
Who utters “Alea iacta est” as he crosses the Rubicon in 49 BC?
Julius Caesar
At what battle does Caesar defeat Pompey in 48 BC?
Pharsalus
At what city does Pompey meet his death at the hands of Egyptians?
Alexandria
At what battle of 47 BC does Caesar defeat Pharnaces and utter “Veni, vidi, vici”?
Zela
What does Caesar famously utter at the battle of Zela at which he defeated Pharnaces?
“Veni, vidi, vici” (“I came, I saw, I conquered”)
In what year was Caesar declared dictator for life and assassinated by Brutus, Cassius, and other senators?
44 BC
On what specific day was Julius Caesar assassinated?
Ides of March (March 15th), 44 BC
What two senators were the main conspirators in the plot to kill Caesar?
Brutus and Cassius
What man, though believed to have said “Et tu, Brute” at his death, actually said the Greek phrase “Kai su, technon” on the Ides of March, 44 BC?
Julius Caesar
What law of 43 BC officially makes the 2nd triumvirate legal?
Lex Titia
Who are the three members of the 2nd Triumvirate?
Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus
At what battle of 42 BC do Octavian and Antony defeat Brutus and Cassius?
Philippi
Which two members of the 2nd Triumvirate defeat Brutus and Cassius at the battle of Philippi in 42 BC?
Octavian and Antony
At what battle of 31 BC did the forces of Octavian (led by Agrippa) defeat Antony and Cleopatra
Actium
With what Egyptian ruler did Marc Antony ally himself?
Cleopatra
Whom does Octavian (and Agrippa) defeat at the battle of Actium in 31 BC?
Antony and Cleopatra
After what 1st Punic War naval battle in 256 BC does Regulus land in Africa?
Cape Ecnomus
What island becomes Rome’s first official province following the 1st Punic War?
Sicily
What two islands combine to form Rome’s 2nd province?
Sardinia and Corsica
In 221 BC, what man succeeds Hasdrubal as leader of Carthage?
Hannibal
In 219 BC, what Spanish city does Hannibal besiege therefore breaking the Ebro treaty and leading to the Second Punic War?
Saguntum
Which Roman consul of 216 BC survives the onslaught of Cannae?
Varro
Which Roman consul of 216 BC perishes at the onslaught of Cannae?
Paullus
What man, known as the “delayer”, was elected dictator during the Second Punic War?
Fabius Maximus Cunctator
Who threw the sacred chickens into the sea before Rome’s disastrous defeat at Drepanum in 249 BC?
Claudius Pulcher
Claudius Pulcher threw the sacred chickens into the sea immediately before losing what naval battle in 249 BC?
Drepanum
What Spanish city, the new capital of Carthage, does Rome capture in 209 BC?
Carthago Nova (New Carthage)
At what battle in 207 BC was Hasdrubal, the brother of Hannibal, defeated by the Romans?
Metaurus River
Following the battle of Metaurus River in 207 BC, whose head do the Romans fling into Haniball’s camp?
Hasdrubal’s (His brother’s)
In what year was Carthage finally destroyed by Scipio Aemilianus?
146 BC
What legendary Roman hero dies in 184 BC, 18 years following his famous victory at the battle of Zama?
Scipio Africanus
Just one year after the death of Scipio Africanus, what Carthaginian commits suicide in 183 BC?
Hannibal
At what battle in 52 BC does the Gallic chieftain Vercingetorix defeat Caesar?
Gergovia
In what year is Caesar declared dictator for the first time?
49 BC
At what battle of 48 BC does Pompey defeat Caesar?
Dyrrhachium
At what battle of 45 BC does Caesar defeat the sons of Pompey in Spain?
Munda
