Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Repro 2 Midterm > Fitzy: Ante- and Perinatal pharmacology > Flashcards

Fitzy: Ante- and Perinatal pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What do the pregnancy categories for drugs not take into account?

A

-the risks from pharmaceutical agnets or their metabolites in breast milk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are corticosteroids used in pre=term delivery for?

A

-to promote lung maturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the last organ system to mautre sufficiently to support extra-uterine life?

A

the lungs!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does antenatal corticosteroids prior to delivery reduce?

A

the indicence of RDS

  • neonatal death
  • ventricular hemorrhage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who gets these antenatal corticosteroids?

A
  • women between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation with any of the following
  • threatened pre-term labor
  • antepartum hemorrhage
  • preterm rupture of membranes
  • conditions requiring Caesarian delivery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What drives lung maturation?

A

-endogenous fetal cortisol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do we usually give to fill the cortisol deficit at weeks 24-34?

A

-Betamethasone!.. 2 doses, 24 hours apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What receptor does Betamethasone get?

A

-Glucocorticoid receptor GCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What genes does betamethasone drive up?

A

-surfactant proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What cells does this all happen in (surfactant production)?

A

-alveolar type 2 pneumocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Contraindications of Betamethasone/dexamethasone?

A

-mother with systemic infection, tuberculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why don’t we just administer cortisol?

A
  • if mom gets it, the fetus will be exposed to cortisone… less active at GCR
  • this is a built in protective system so that the stress on mom doesn’t always kill the baby
  • so if mom is having an inflammatory crisis, go ahead and use cortisol! It will be great
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which cycoloxygenase enzyme make the prostaglandin H2 (PGH2)

A

cycoloxygenase 1

-then that gets converted into PGF2a and PGE2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do we give before we give them oxytocin to induce delivery?

A
  • Dioprostone and Misoprosto.l

- they ripen the cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If there is a deficit of PG’s what will happen

A

delay of birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

PG excess?

A

premature birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do we give to drive the contractions after the cervix is ripened by dioprostone or misoprostol

A

Oxytocin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is used in the contraction stress test?

A

oxytocin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the most important Tocolytic drug?

A

-MgSO4

20
Q

What are Tocolytic drugs?

A

-they aim to stop uterine contractions na dto prevent neonatal risks associated with prematurity

21
Q

MOA for Ritodrine, Salbutamol, Terbutaline?

A
  • B2 adrenergic receptor agonist

- relaxes uterine smooth muscle

22
Q

MOA for Indomethacin

A
  • inhibits uterine COX-1 enzyme

- blocks PGF2a and PGE2 formation

23
Q

Nifedipine MOA

A
  • Ca2+ channel antagonist

- relaxes uterine smooth muscle

24
Q

MgSO4 MOA

A

-competition at Ca2+ channels

25
Q

Atosiban MOA

A

-Oxytocin pituitary neuropeptide receptor antagonist

26
Q

Adverse effects for Ritodrine, Salbutamol, and Terbutaline?

A
  • Tachycardia, hypotension

- hypokalemia, hyperglycemia for mother and fetus

27
Q

Indomethacin adverse effectrs?

A
  • 2nd trimester only… use at term risks premature in utero closure of the ductus arteriosus (fetus)
  • Bleeding risk, ulcer (mother)
28
Q

Nifedipine adverse effects?

A

-Dizziness, hypotension (mother)

29
Q

MgSO4 adverse effects?

A

-Myasthenia gravis: contra-indicated

30
Q

Are Tocolytic drugs useful to delay pre term labor indefinitely?

A

no

-it’s useful to delay delivery for hours/days to allow transport of mother to a hospital with a NICU/MICU/SICU

31
Q

What is the most commonly used Tocolytic drug?

A
  • MgSO4
  • protects against seizures associated with pre-eclampsia and HELLP syndrome
  • the other drugs don’t do this
32
Q

What do Tocolytic drugs do to uterine smooth muscle?

A

-relaxes dat shit

33
Q

What does Indomethacin and Ibuprofen do

A
  • inhibit COX enzyme

- stops uterine contraction

34
Q

What does Nifedipine and MgSO4 block?

A

-Ca2+ channels

35
Q

When do we use Indomethacin?

A
  • 2nd trimester of pregnancy!

- if we take NSAIDs in the 3rd semester, then we stop the PG’s that we need! (ductus arteriosus)

36
Q

What keeps the ductus arteriosus open?

A

-PGE2!

37
Q

When birth happens, how is the ductus arterosus close?

A

-inactivation of PGE2 in the lung

38
Q

What do we use to maintain a ductus arteriosus?

A

-PGE1 (alprostadil)

39
Q

Complications of PGE1?

A

-hypotension, tachycardia, apnea, PYREXIA

40
Q

What is used to inhibit the PDA in premature infants?

A
  • COX inhibitors
  • Indomethacin
  • NSAID
41
Q

Is the Indomethacin and NSAID effective for PDA in full term baby?

A

-no!

42
Q

What organ system will have adverese effects with NSAIDs?

A

-the renal system!

43
Q

What are the first-line antihypertensive drugs for moderate hypertension ?

A

-oral alpha methyldopa and oral labetalol

44
Q

What does Methyldopa do?

A
  • acts cetnrally to prevent neurotransmitter release
  • alpha-methylnorepinephrine (from the methyldopa), is released from adrenergic neurons and stimulates central alpha 2 adrenergic receptors
  • this reduces the sympathetic outflow from the central nervous system
  • blood pressure falls as a result of decrease in peripheral resistance
45
Q

What is used extensively in the setting of preeclampsia for the acute treatment of severe hypertension?

A

-Hydralazine

Repro 2 Midterm (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions