CIS Things Flashcards
1
Q
What is a Gartner duct cyst?
A
- on superior vag wall
- no mucus formation
- lined with cuboidal and low columnar epithelium
2
Q
What is pseudomyxoma peritonei associated with?
A
-appendiceal tumor
3
Q
What is a Gartner duct cyst a remnant of?
A
-mesonephric ducts
4
Q
What are the gram + rods that are non spore forming in the vaginal canal?
A
-lactobacillus
5
Q
What does Chlamydia look like on gram stain?
A
-gram - cocci
6
Q
What does neisseria look like on gram stain?
A
-Gram- diplococci
7
Q
What is the buzzword for HSV?
A
- cowdry bodies
- also true for CMV
8
Q
What are clue cells associated with?
A
- gardnerella vaginalis
- it’s just like a squamous cell, but the bacteria are attacking
9
Q
What are cytoplasmic viral inclusions associated with?
A
-MCV (Molluscum contagiosum)
10
Q
What is is the buzzword for chlamydia?
A
- elementary bodies: non replicating infectious particles
- reticulate bodies: bacteria replicating inside the cell… non infectious tho
11
Q
What is the buzzword for HPV?
A
- koilocytes
- squamous epithelium with hyperchromatic nucleii with a perinuclear halo
12
Q
What is a common coinfection with neisseria gonorrhoea?
A
- Chlamydia
- do NAAT to figure out which one it is
13
Q
What agar would be diagnostic for someone who we think might have gonorrhoae?
A
-Thayer-Martin Agar
14
Q
What will grow on chocolate agar?
A
- Neisseria
- and other things like hemophilus
15
Q
What is it called when you have PID and it spreads up into the peritoneal cavity?
A
-Fitz Hugh Curtis syndrome
16
Q
What is aortitis associated with?
A
- syphillis
- so is argyll robertson pupils
17
Q
If a girl with Gonorrhea gets preggo, what will we have to worry about in the baby?
A
- rapid onset conjuctivitis
- later onset is chlamydia
18
Q
What is associated with a baby who has saber shins and mullberry molars (hutchinson teeth)?
A
-syphillis (T. pallidum)
19
Q
If a woman has itchy hyperkeratosis and acanthosis, what do we think of?
A
-squamous cell hyperplasia
20
Q
If there is a grapelike mass in a child, what do we think of?
A
-embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
21
Q
If there is a grapelike mass in a 52 year old woman, what do we think of?
A
-endometrium and cervical polyps
22
Q
What smear do we use to diagnose herpes?
A
-tznack smear
23
Q
What organism will give us condyloma lata as a secondary lesion?
A
-T. pallidum
24
Q
What organism is associated with donovan bodies?
A
- Klebsiella granulomatis
- blue on histo
- africa
25
What is elephantiasis associated with?
-K. granulomatis
26
What is a soft chancre associated with?
-H. ducreyi
27
When I say strawberry cervix, you say....
-Trichomonas vaginalis
28
Koliocytes?
-HPV
29
Clue cells
gardnerella
30
warthin starry stain shows us what?
- spiral shaped organisms
| - T. pallidum
31
What is the major virulence factor for Gonorrhoea?
-pili
32
What ovarian finding is most likely due to neisseria infection?
-Abscess!
33
When I say streak ovary, you say....
-Turner Syndrome
34
When I say porcelain gallbladder, you say...
-gallbladder carcinoma
35
What is a cambium layer associated with?
- sarcoma botryoides (embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma)
| - these invade the retroperitoneum a lot
36
What is DES associated with?
-clear cell carcinoma of the vagina
37
What is the other organ that has a big clear cell tumor?
-the kidney!
38
What is adenocarcinoma of the cervix related to?
-HPV
39
What is endometrial carcinoma type 1 associated with?
- unopposed estrogen
- obesity
- hypertension
- diabetes
40
So if there is a huge pink mass in the uterus and there is a snowstorm pattern on ultrasound, what are we thinking of?
-Complete mole!
41
pseudomyxoma peritonei
-appendiceal tumor
| -
42
What does IgG4 sclerosing disease cause?
- fibrosis of the retroperitoneum
| - Ormnod's disease
43
In this section, when we hear psamomma bodies, what do we think?
- serous ovarian tumors
- think malignant
- also with papillary thyroid carcinoma
44
What are call-exner bodies associated with?
-granulosa cell tumor
45
What do granulosa cells secrete?
- estrogen
| - so watch out for uterine carcinoma or something like that
46
When we see schiller duval bodies, what do we think of?
- yolk sac tumors
| - also see a *glomeruloid lesion****
47
What do we think of if there is a lot of 5-HIAA?
- some kind of carcinoid tumor...
| - monodermal teratoma
48
Where is the most common site of a carcinoid tumor?
-jejunum or ileum
49
What do yolk sac tumors secrete?
-alpha-fetoprotein!
50
What do we use to track granulosa cell tumors?
- inhibin!
| - they secrete this along with estrogen
51
What else will be there if we have a granulosa cell tumor?
- a breast lesion
| - makes sense because there is a lot of estrogen floating around
52
What color will the tumor be if it is secreting a lot of hormones?
-yellow
53
What is the ovarian counterpart of the most common male germ cell tumor?
-dysgerminoma
54
What gene is associated with a dysgerminoma
KIT
55
What serous tumors of the ovary uni or bilateral?
-bilateral
56
What is the most common karyotype for a complete mole?
- 46 XX...
| - same as for mature teratomas in the ovary
57
What karyotype is a partial mole?
-69XXX
58
What do we associate squamous metaplasia of lactiferous ducts with?
-ciggareettes
59
what is fat necrosis of the breast from?
-breast trauma
60
What might happen to the breast during preggo?
-acute mastitis
61
What is Li Fraumeni syndrome?
-TP53 germline mutation
62
What is Cowden syndrome?
-mutation of PTEN
63
what is Peau-d'orange associated with?
- inflammatory carcinoma
- lymphatic infiltration
- younger age
- poor prognosis
- nipple inversion usually happens
64
What is associated with inflitrating signet ring cells?
- lobular carcinoma
- if it's e cadherin positive, then it's ductal
- if e cadherin negative, then lobular
65
what is the leaf like growth pattern tumor called?
- phylloides tumor
| - it's benign
66
Why would a herpes patient have a positive RPR?
- means she also has lupus!
| - RPR reacts to that as well
67
What is RPR normally used for
syphillis detection
68
So if a lady has herpes and is placed on famciclovir, then returns as miscarriage at 8 weeks into preggo at a later time, what is the cause?
-disorder affecting maternal vasculature
69
If we are in africa and the lady presents with draining inguinal lymph nodes, what would we most likely see on pap smear?
-chancroid (H. ducreyi)
70
What are the STI's with ulcers?
- HSV
- syphyllis (T. pallidum)
- Chancroid (H. Ducreyi)
- LGV (C. trachomatis)
- Granuloma inguinale (K. granulomatis
71
What is lumpy white discharge out of the vag in an older woman associated with?
- type 1 DM
| - band like lymphocytic infiltrate
72
What do we think of when we see pale, PAS+ epidermal cells on the vulva?
-extramammary paget disease
73
If there is labial swelling, what is it?
-bartholin gland abscess
74
Where is a skene gland cyst?
-by the urethra
75
What is the most common complication with Neisseria gonnorhoea infection in a woman?
- ectopic pregnancy
| - because of the scarring of the tubes from ascending infetion
76
If there is perianal lesions on a girl, what is it most likely?
- condyloma acuminatum
| - HPV 6, 11
77
Buzzword for molluscum contagiosum?
- dimpled pearly papule lesion
| - very common and associated wtih scarring in a lot of pts
78
If someone has HPV, what will their pap smear look like 2 years down the road?
- normal
| - 90% of low grade HPV will resolve in 2 years
79
What finding in the cervix will show up if a girl has recently had a low grade HPV infection?
-LGSIL
80
what is the main difference between High and low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions?
- how much they persist
- LGSIL: 30%
- HGSIL: 60%
81
If a girl has herpes, what do we treat it with?
-Acyclovir
82
What is azithromycin?
-an antibiotic
83
What is metronidazole
-an anti amoebic agent
84
What do the drugs end in if we use them to treat viruses?
"vir"
85
What drug is used for CMV?
-Gancyclovir
86
What is used to treat influenza?
-oseltamivir
87
Will antiviral drugs screw up a pregnancy?
-no not likely
88
If we treat someone with herpes with acyclovir and then they develop recurrent infetions, what is the most likely cause of this problem?
- resistance to acyclovir...
| - viruses that lack thymidine kinase activity will not be killed by the drug
89
What contributes to gancyclovir resistance?
-U97 phosphotransferases
90
If a lady has painful inguinal lympho nodes and showed chronic inflammation from a red lesion on the cervix and there is lots of endarteritis
-biopsy showed a lot of plasma cell infiltrates.... what is the organism?
-T. Pallidum
91
What stain would we use for TB?
-Ziel Neelsen
92
What stain do we use for herpes?
-Tzanck smear
93
What do we use the silver stain for?
-Syphillis! T. pallidum
94
What would signify progression of a syphillis infection
-palmar rash
95
What do you treat a syphillis infection with?
-Penicillin G
96
What does vancomycin not work on?
-Gram negative things
97
Why wouldn't gentimicine work for syphillis infection?
-it can't get to the CNS
98
What do we give a syphillis patient if they are allergic to penicillin?
-erythromycin
99
24 y/o girl from Paris with a swollen painful knee
- hemorrhagic papules on lower extremity,
- joint aspiration has lots of cloudy fluid... lots of PMN's
- what is this most likely due to?
-Membrane attack complex
100
What is the drug of choice for the last case?
- ceftriaxone
| - it penetrates into a lot of areas so it's a good choic
101
Which drug would provide coverage for the co-infecting pathogen that accompanies the disseminated disease from the parisian girl with the swollen knee?
- the accompanying organism is Chlamydia
| - so give them some doxycycline as well
102
What will a baby have if it is born from a mom who has gonorrhoea?
-immediate onset conjunctivitis
103
What if a baby comes from a chlamydia mom?
- trachoma
| - this is the later onset conjunctivitis
104
What if a baby comes from syphillis mom?
-8th nerve deafness
105
21 y/o requests birth control and then has mucopurulent discharge from cervical os.
- no inflammation
- no organisms
- nothing shows up on gram stain
- what is it?
- Chlamydia type L
| - Elementary body is infectious
106
What is the most common cureable STI and how do we treat it?
- trichomonas vaginalis
| - treat with metronidazole
107
What organism is treated with tinidazole?
- giardia lamblia
| - there is a lot of resistance to metronidazole in giardia, but not trichomonas
108
What do we treat crabs with?
- pyrethrins
| - extracted from the chrysanthemum flower
