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PE > Fitness, health and exercise overall > Flashcards

Fitness, health and exercise overall Flashcards

1
Q

What is fitness?

A

The ability to meet the demands of the environment

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2
Q

What is health?

A

A state of complete mental, physical and social well being

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3
Q

What is exercise?

A

A form of physical activity which maintains or improves physical fitness

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4
Q

3 stages of a warm up?

A
  1. Pulse raiser
  2. Stretch
  3. Skill related exercise
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5
Q

What is the point of a pulse raiser?

A

Gets blood and oxygen flowing to our working muscles

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6
Q

What’s the point of a stretch?

A

Prevents injury

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7
Q

What’s the point of a sport related exercise?

A

Gets your mind prepared for what you’re doing

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8
Q

What’s the point of a cool down?

A

To prevent DOMS (delayed onset of muscle soreness) and remove waste product created from exercise (lactic acid and carbon dioxide)

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9
Q

What is used by gyms to see if any medical conditions are present in new members

A 
PAR-Q - 
Physical 
Activity 
Readiness
Questionnaire
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10
Q

How do you work out max heart rate?

A

220 - age

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11
Q

What’s the threshold of training?

A

60% - 80%

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12
Q

What 5 things are in the cardiovascular system?

A 
C apillaries
A rteries
H eart
V eins
B lood
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13
Q

2 functions of the heart?

A

Remove waste products (Carbon Dioxide)

Supply body with oxygen and nutrients

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14
Q

What is the heart rate?

A

Number of times the heart beats in a minute at rest

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15
Q

What is ‘Brady Cardia’?

A

When the heart rate is below 60

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16
Q

2 immediate response to exercise?

A

Increased breathing rate to get O2 to muscles

Deeper breathing to get more O2 in the lungs

17
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

The force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the blood vessels

18
Q

What is systolic pressure?

A

Amount of pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts

19
Q

What is diastolic pressure?

A

Amount of pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest

20
Q

What is pulse pressure?

A

Diastolic pressure

21
Q

When does adrenaline kick in?

A

Prior to the start of exercise

22
Q

What is the heart rate rest range?

A

60-80

23
Q

Why does adrenaline make us perform better?

A

The blood is already pumping to the muscles

24
Q

Cardiac Output = ?

A

Cardiac Output = SV X HR

Stroke Volume) X (Heart Rate

25
Q

6 Long term effects of exercise

A 
Lower resting heart rate
Lower Blood pressure
Increased stroke volume
Increased Cardiac output
Faster heart rate recovery
Healthier veins and arteries
26
Q

Why does heart rate drop as a long term effect of exercise?

A

The heart gets bigger so can exert more blood around the body each beat, working less as more blood comes out in one beat

27
Q

Larger heart = ?

A

Larger heart = Bigger ventricles

Bigger size of myocardium

28
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

Amount of blood that leaves the ventricles in one beat

29
Q

Why does stroke volume increase?

A

Because as the heart increases so does the amount of blood that is released from the ventricles.

30
Q

What is oxygen debt?

A

A temporary oxygen shortage in the body

31
Q

How does the oxygen combat oxygen debt?

A

Keeps breathing rate high to enable oxygen to get back into the bloodstream which helps disperse the lactic acid

32
Q

Why do we warm down?

A

To make our muscles squeeze and act as a pump to push oxygenated blood around the body

33
Q

What are the alveoli’s surrounded by?

A

Capillaries

34
Q

What comes OUT of the alveoli and INTO the blood?

A

Oxygen

35
Q

What goes INTO the alveoli and OUT the blood?

A

Carbon Dioxide

36
Q

What happens when we inhale?

A

Intercostal muscles contract lifting the rib cage up and out.
Diaphram contracts flattening to increase chest cavity size

37
Q

What happens when we exhale?

A

Intercostal muscles relax lowering the rib cage down and in.

Diaphram reduces going back into a dome shape reducing the size of the chest cavity

PE (9 decks)

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