Fish reproduction (2018) Flashcards
What is crucial to understand about a fish species when domesticating it?
a sufficient understanding of the reproduction and life cycle
What influences cell function?
the proteins produced by the cell
What is the term used when referring to the process of ‘production of proteins that are produced by cells?’
Gene transcription and translation -> gene expression differs among cells
What is the difference between somatic and sex cells and what are chromosomes packed with?
Somatic cells = diploid 2n
sex cells = haploid 1n
DNA is packaged into chromosomes
How many chromosomes does a human have?
how many sets?
how many sex chromosomes?
46
2 sets (maternal+paternal) of 22 Autosomes
+2 sets of 1 Sex chromosome
=2 sets of 23 Chromosomes
What is the result of a natural variation in the number of chromosomes in humans?
e.g. Dawn’s syndrome -trisomy 21
Edward’s syndrome - trisomy 18
name three reproduction strategies
1. Viral & plasmid replication - self-replicating in other cells
2. Asexual reproduction - no genetic exchange necessary
3. Sexual reproduction - genetic exchange between organisms
Why are some viruses artificially replicated?
useful for research and therapeutic development
How is Gynogenesis and Parthenogenesis different to sexual reproduction? give one example each of what fish it applies to
Gynogenesis (diploid egg) stimulated by males (e.g. Amazon molly)
Parthenogenesis (diploid egg) without male (e.g. bonnethead shark) -> Suggested that ovulation is enhanced through pseudocopulation releases progesterone
Explain the differences considering genes in asexual and sexual reproduction
Sexual - genetically unique offspring
Asexual - genetically identical offspring
What are the advantages for farmers that raise terrestrial farm animals using sexual reproduction?
infants are well developed
reproduction is easily controlled
What does sustainable intensive finfish aquaculture depend on for juvenile production?
a reliable source of quality gametes (haploid cells)
Explain the sexual and asexual reproductive cycle
Name four different sexual reproduction strategies in fish and give one example of fish for each
Ovuliparity - external fertilisation (96%) - Kingfish
Oviparity - internal fertilisation - Wolf fish
Viviparity - Internal fertilisation Metrotrophic (with yolk sack after hatching) - Bullshark
Ovoviviparity - Internal/external fertilisation Lecitotrophic (no yolk sack after hatching) - Seahorse
