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Ocean Biology > Fish Diversity > Flashcards

Fish Diversity Flashcards

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1
Q

What are agnatha?

A

Lampreys and hagfishes.

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2
Q

What are Gnathostomata?

A
  • Elasmobranchi & holocephali
  • Sacropterygii
  • Actionpterygii.
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3
Q

What are elasmobranchi & holocephali?

A

Cartelogenous fishes:

  • Elasmobranchi - sharks, skates & rays
  • Holocephali - chimeras.
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4
Q

What are sarcopterygii?

A

Lobe finned fish:

Coelacanth & lungfish.

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5
Q

What are actinopterygii/Osteichthyes?

A

Ray finned fish:

Teleosts.

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6
Q

What are the main features of teleost fish?

A
  • Size 1 - 15cm
  • Most are poikilothermic
  • Oviparous
  • Mostly carnivorous.
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7
Q

Define Protandrous hermaphrodite.

A

Male to female e.g

clownfish.

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8
Q

Define protogynous hermaphrodite.

A

Female to male e.g. parrotfish

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9
Q

Define anadromous.

A

Freshwater to saltwater e.g. salmon.

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10
Q

Define catadromous.

A

Saltwater to freshwater e.g. eels.

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11
Q

Define diadromous.

A

Move between salt and seawater.

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12
Q

Define diadromous.

A

Move between salt and seawater.

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13
Q

Is fish diversity higher in coastal regions or open ocean?

A

Coastal - greater variation in habitat and productivity.

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14
Q

What are pelagic fish?

A

Live in mid water e.g. herring (move in scholls to prevent predation and colouration to blend with sky and water).

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15
Q

What are demersal fish.

A

Fish living at bottom of ocean.

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16
Q

How to calculate speed of fish.

A

Stride length x tail beat frequency.

17
Q

How do you calculate the aspect ratio of a fin?

A

AR = Span squared/ A is surface area.

18
Q

What features provide fish with stability?

A
  • Body length
  • Eliptical cross section
  • Position of median find
  • Position of paired fins.
19
Q

What structures provide fish with buoyancy and hydrodynamic lift?

A
  • Swim bladder
  • Oil rich liver (rather than lipids) e.g. sharks
  • Planing surfaces (fins).
20
Q

Define fusiform.

A

Streamlined, torpedo shaped.

21
Q

Define sagittiform.

A

Arrow like.

22
Q

Define compressiform.

A

Laterally flattened.

23
Q

Define anguilliform.

A

Elongated.

24
Q

Define globiform.

A

Spherical.

Ocean Biology (20 decks)

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