First year revision - CVA

Question 1

What is a stroke?

Answer 1

An acute, focal injury of vascular cause of the CNS, which impairs blood flow and therefore Oxygen supply to the cerebral tissue resulting in local or systemic neurological insult and an area of cerebral tissue necrosis

Question 2

What is a TIA?

Answer 2

Blood flow to a specific area of the CNS is impaired resulting in acute neurological symptoms which fully resolve within a 24 hour period

Question 3

What are the two types of stroke and what causes them?

Answer 3

Ischemic - blood clot

Haemorrhagic - a bleed

Question 4

What are the criteria for a TACS?

Answer 4

All of:
UL weakness (and/or) sensory deficit of the face/ arm and leg
Homonymous hemianopia
Higher cerebral dysfunction

Question 5

What are the criteria for a PACS?

Answer 5

Two of:
UL weakness (and/or sensory deficit) of the face, arm and leg
Homonymous hemianopia
Higher cerebral dysfunction

Question 6

What are the criteria for a POCS?

Answer 6

One of:
Cranial nerve palsy and a CL motor/sensory deficit
Bilateral motor/sensory deficit
Conjugate eye movement disorder
Cerebellar dysfunction
Isolated homonymous hemianopia

Question 7

What are the criteria for a LACS?

Answer 7

No loss of higher cerebral function
One of:
Pure sensory stroke
Pure motor stroke
Sensori-motor stroke
Ataxis hemiparesis

Question 8

What are the four main symptoms of a stroke?

Answer 8

Motor
Sensory
Cognitive
Speech

Question 9

What problems might you have with temporal lobe damage?

Answer 9

Organisation, sequencing and memory

Question 10

Damage to which area will result in neglect

Answer 10

Right parietal lobe

Question 11

Where is Brocas’ area and what will damage to this area cause?

Answer 11

Usually left frontal lobe - expressive dysphasia

Question 12

Where is Wernickes’ area and what will damage to this area cause?

Answer 12

Posterior superior temporal lobe

Receptive dysphasia