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Biology > First Quarter Exam > Flashcards

First Quarter Exam Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What type of RNA has anticodons?

A

tRNA

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1
Q

A scientific idea that has not been tested is a _____.

A

Hypothesis

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2
Q

The doctrine of humors believes that humans contain 4 different _____.

A

Liquid/fluids

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3
Q

What do we call the process by which bacteria obtain energy from inorganic chemicals?

A

Chemosynthesis

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4
Q

Atom having a negative or positive charge?

A

Ion

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5
Q

A solution that has a greater concentration than water molecules in a cell is called what?

A

Hypophilic

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6
Q

The principle product of photosynthesis is _____.

A

Glucose

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7
Q

The entire process of photosynthesis takes place in the _____.

A

Chloroplast

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8
Q

The reaction that causes bread to rise is an example of _____.

A

Alcohol fermentation

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9
Q

What is the control center of most cell activity?

A

The nucleus

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10
Q

Robert Brown was first to describe ____.

A

Nucleus

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11
Q

The increase in randomness and loss of usable energy in nature is known as _____.

A

Entropy

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12
Q

What kind of chemical bond shares chemical bond?

A

Covalent

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13
Q

What is the name of the numerical index used to express the acidity or alkalinity of a substance?

A

The PH scale

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14
Q

The use the cellular energy to change the permeability of a membrane is called _____.

A

Active transport

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15
Q

What suggests looking for items in nature that represent a person’s problem?

A

The doctrine of signatures

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16
Q

What’s another name for the land/eyepiece on a microscope?

A

Ocular

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17
Q

What is the messenger RNA (mRNA) carry?

A

Amino acid

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18
Q

What kind of transport requires the cell to expand energy in order for the substances to pass through the membrane?

A

Active transport

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19
Q

What is the movement of substances through a cell membrane without the cell’s expending energy?

A

Passive transport

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20
Q

The bursting of blood cells in hypotonic solution is called_______.

A

cytolosis

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21
Q

True or False

Active Transport involves the cell’s expending energy to digest a substance it has taken in.

A

False

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22
Q

True or False

Some multicellular organisms are colonial.

A

True

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23
Q

True or False

Cells are held together by various kinds of cell junctions.

A

True

24
Q

True or False

Organelles are found only in prokaryotic cells.

A

False

25
Q

True or False

The cell wall is sometimes described as a lipid bilayer.

A

False

26
Q

True or False

The inner folds of ribosomes are called cristae.

A

False

27
Q

Robert Brown was the first to describe this structure and it’s importance in cells.

A

nucleus

28
Q

Cork “cells” were first identified by_____.

A

Hooke

29
Q

Organisms made up of cells that can operate independently but that normally tend to group together are called______.

A

colonial

30
Q

Several tissues grouped together and working as a unit form_______.

A

an organ

31
Q

The cytoplasm’s long tubular extensions that contain a set of microtubules and that are used in cellular movement are________.

A

flagella

32
Q

The process by which cells release wastes or secrete substances through the plasma membrane is known as_______.

A

exocytosis

33
Q

Which of the following are not found in animal cells?

A

plastids

34
Q

Chloroplasts contain

A

grana

35
Q

Which of these is associated with digestion in the cell?

A

Lysosmomes

36
Q

True or False

Some multicellular organisms have tissues that are grouped into organs which are arranged in systems.

A

True

37
Q

True or False

Rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes attached to it whereas smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not.

A

True

38
Q

True or False

Golgi bodies often process materials the cell is secreting.

A

True

39
Q

True or False

Turgor pressure involves a built-up of the quantity of water molecules in the contractile vacuole.

A

False

40
Q

True or False

In eukaryotic cells the nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope.

A

True

41
Q

True or False

In passive mediated transport a substance is helped across a membrane by a structure in the passive membrane.

A

True

42
Q

A eukaryotic cell does not have…

A

A nuclear area that is not enclosed in a membrane

43
Q

The organelles found in most plant cells (but never in animal cells) are…

A

Plastids

44
Q

Organelles are sometimes moved throughout the cell by a process called…

A

Cytoplasmic streaming

45
Q

A prokaryotic cell does not have…

A

Membrane-bound organelles

46
Q

The cell theory states that all cells come from preexisting cells, that cells are living things, and that…

A

All the functions of living organisms are carried on by cells

47
Q

Elimination of nonsoluble, nondigested particles by a cell is referred to as…

A

Egestion

48
Q

The ability of a cell to respond to its environment is called…

A

Irritability

49
Q

Who discovered that all plants are made of cells?

A

Schleiden

50
Q

What has to do with a plant cell’s turgor pressure?

A

Central vacuole

51
Q

The diffusion of water into a cell by osmosis results in a build-up of…

A

Turgor pressure

52
Q

Contractile vacuoles would be of great importance to a unicellular…

A

Animal living in a hypotonic environment

53
Q

The control center of most cell activity is the…

A

Nucleus

54
Q

A solution that has a greater concentration of water molecules than the cell it (this part was cut off in the picture)…

A

Hypotonic

55
Q

Since diffusion is a purely physical process (it requires no cellular energy), it (this part was cut off in the picture)…

A

Passive transport

56
Q

He use of cellular energy to changers permeability of the membranes a called…

A

Active transport

57
Q

What is not associated with the nucleus of a cell?

A

Ribosome

58
Q

True or False

In passive mediated transport a substance is helped across a membrane against the concentration gradient.

A

False

Biology (9 decks)

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