Final Exam Flashcards
Which is probably the least influential in human behavior?
instincts
The cavity in the skull which contains the brain is the________.
cranial cavity
The body cavity that contains the heart and the lungs is the_________.
thoracic cavity
The fingers in relation to the elbow are_________.
distal
The type of tissue that includes bone, cartilage, blood, and lymph is__________.
connective
The type of tissue that covers the body and lines the digestive tract is______________.
epithelial
The major types of tissues found in the human body include all of the following except______________.
bone
Which one of the skin layers carries on mitosis, supplying cells that will eventually be sloughed off?
stratum germinativum
The layer of skin that is made up of dead cells is the_______.
horny layer
Skin and hair part of the_______.
integumentary system
The layer of the skin, is correct order from superficial to deep, are________.
epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer.
What helps to keep the hair soft?
sebaceous glands
Mild burns (like most sunburns) affect only as deep as the________.
epidermis
A pigment that the skin uses in protection against exposure to ultraviolet radiation is________.
melanin
The bones of the body serve all these functions except.
A) epidermis
B) manufacturing blood cells
C) protecting organs
D) mending fractured bones
D) providing flexibility
The epiphyseal plate is used in_________.
bone growth
The tough fibrous tissues covering the outside of a bone is the_______.
periosteum
The major mineral substance deposited in bone is________.
calcium
The posterior region of the zygomatic arch is made up of the________.
temporal bone
The hole in a vertebra is the_____.
neural arch
The calcaneus is commonly called the______.
heel bone
The joint between the humerus and the radius is a _________.
hinge joint
a connection between two or more bones or between cartilage and bone is called a__________.
joint
Tough strands of connective tissue that hold the bones of ball-and-socket and hinge joints in place are called_______.
ligament
The joints between the various carpals and between various tarsals are_______.
gliding joints
The joint between the atlas and the axis is a ___________.
pivot joint
A hinge joint is located in the___________.
elbow
A band of connective tissue between the fleshy portion of a muscle and bone is_________.
a cartilage
A secretion that lubricates a joint and acts as a shock absorber is_______.
synovial fluid
When you write your answer to this question, the muscles that move your fingers are____________.
skeletal
Muscle that is striated and voluntary is said to be________.
skeletal
Smooth muscle is muscle__________.
over which you have no conscious control
Muscle that is involuntary and is found in the walls of the digestive system and blood vessels is said to be___________.
smooth
Myofibrils are fine threads that make up________.
muscles
The ATP molecules provide the___________.
energy for muscle contraction
The two structural protein filaments found in muscle cells are__________.
actin and myosis
A movement toward the midline of the body is done by a/an___________.
adductor muscle
The biceps brachia is antagonistic to the__________.
triceps brachia
A muscle that decreases the angle of a joint is called a/an__________.
flexor
The masseter would would aid a person most in___________.
Chewing
Muscle that is striated and involuntary is said to be__________.
cardiac
An example of a sphincter muscle is the____________.
orbiculares oris
The pectoralis major would help you most in___________,
pushups
A person who uses his gastrocnemius will have well developed_________.
calves
The rectus abdominis would help you most in__________.
sit-ups
After a great deal of exercise, soreness of muscles is caused in part by a built-up of_____________.
lactic acid
Bones of the appendicular skeleton are not found in the________________.
head
The distance from one Z line to another is called a___________.
sarcomere
A tissue (composed primarily of fat cells) that filled the central cavity of long bones as a person grows older is_____________.
yellow bone marrow
A tissue that is active in the formation of red blood cells is the_____________.
red bone marrow
T/F The chestnut blight fungus and Dutch elm disease are two fungal diseases that have destroyed many trees in the United States.
True
T/F The posterior end of a turtle is its bottom shell.
False
T/F The shedding of an exoskeleton is called molting.
True
T/F In anatomical position the feet are pointing directly to the front.
True
T/F Many destructive fungi are plant parasites.
True
T/F A dog is an example of an organism that has spherical symmetry.
False
T/F Crayfish are capable of regenerating lost parts.
True
T/F In anatomical position the radius and the ulna are crossed over one another.
False
T/F Beneficial fungi include edible fungi (such as truffles, yeasts, and certain mushrooms) molds that produce antibiotics, and the decomposer organisms.
True
T/F The symmetry of cnidarians and echinoderms is similar.
True
T/F Scorpions, barnacles, and ticks are all in the same Arthropod class.
False
T/F In anatomical position the ulna is on the thumb side of the hand.
False
T/F In Scripture, leaving agents such as yeasts are compared to the effect that a Christian should have on the world.
False
T/F Vertebrates are animals that have backbones.
True
T/F Each spider can spin only one type of silk.
False
T/F In anatomical position the elbow is flexed.
False
T/F Fungi carry on digestion inside digestion vacuoles.
False
T/F Most animals are invertebrates.
True
T/F Typically, millipedes have more legs than centipedes do.
True
T/F Muscles can only pull; they never push.
True
T/F Some fungi can live as saprophytes and also as parasites.
True
T/F A parasite is an organism that is dependent on a host and often harms the host.
True
T/F Insects are the only flying invertebrates.
True
T/F Once bones are fully calcified, they remain unchanged.
False
T/F Rhizoids are hyphae that support and digest food. Haustoria are similar to rhizoids in that they support the fungi, but they enter living cells to obtain food.
True
T/F A fluke is a parasitic roundworm.
False
T/F Insects account for less than half of all animal species.
False
T/F The scapula is part of the axial skeleton.
False
T/F There are many kinds of yeasts including baker’s yeasts (used in baking breads), brewer’s yeasts (used in making beers), and wine yeasts (used in making wines).
True
T/F The Ascaris female is longer than the male and has a hook shape on one end of its body.
False
T/F The phalanges are found in both hands and feet.
True
T/F Lichens are in the kingdom Fungi phylum Ascomycota.
False
T/F The Ascaris eats the blood while in its host’s intestine.
False
T/F The phalanges are more numerous in the right hand than in the right foot.
False
T/F Fungi are not classified as plants because they lack true tissues and argans.
True
T/F An open circulatory system is a characteristic of the annelids and the mollusks.
False
T/F The phalanges are distal to the carpals.
True
T/F There are very few photosynthetic fungi.
False
T/F Clams are called filter feeders because they filter water over mucus-coated gills to obtain their food.
True
T/F The phalanges are more numerous in the thumb than in the little finger.
False
T/F The mantle cavity in mollusks is used in feeding.
False
T/F The scapula forms the socket of the shoulder joing.
True
T/F Members of the phylum Echniodermata include sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sea lilies, and nudibranchs.
False
T/F A sphincter muscle raises a body part.
False
T/F The water-vascular system found in some organisms is used for locomotion.
True
T/F A sphincter muscle reduces the size of an opening.
True
T/F The arms of a starfish are called rays.
True
T/F A single coccus bacterium grows and divides and becomes a diplococcus, and then through repeated divisions it becomes a striptococcus of a staphylococcus.
False
T/F Less than half of all plant species have mycorrhizae associated with their roots.
False
T/F Taxonomy and systematics mean virtually the same thing.
True
T/F Autotrophs can be either photosynthetic or chemosynthetic.
True
T/F In the modern classification system, each group on one level can be divided into several groups on the next lower level.
True
T/F Transformation in bacteria is a form of genetic transfer in which living bacteria absorb the DNA of other bacteria.
True
T/F Each level of the currently used classificational hierarchy can be divided into smaller units by using prefixes like “sub-“ and “infra-.”
True
T/F A heterocyst is a structure found in colonies of blue-green algae.
True
T/F An earthworm belongs in kingdom Eubacteria.
False
T/F All the blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) have chlorophyll a in them
True
T/F The bacterium that causes tuberculosis belongs in kingdom Eubacteria.
True
T/F All the blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) have heterocysts.
False
T/F A tomato plant belongs in kingdom Protista.
False
T/F Bacteria that carry on anaerobic respiration may produce alcohol, lactic acid, or methane.
True
T/F both the genus and species names should be italicized or underlined, but only the genus name should be capitalized.
True
T/F Herpes simplex is a viral disease that infects humans, causing fever blisters (cold sores).
True
T/F Since classifications are for human convenience, classifications can be set up to prove evolution.
False
T/F The lymphatic system is part of one of the body’s cellular defenses against diseases.
True
T/F God created the organisms and told them to reproduce after their kind. Many Creationists believe that this establishes the ability to reproduce as the primary criterion for a natural classification system.
True
T/F Pus contains bacteria, white blood cells, and fluids that are the result of the body’s fighting an infection.
True
T/F Linnaeus was a Creationist and believed that he was describing the biblical kinds as he classified organisms into species.
True
T/F Although an antibiotic may be very effective against one type of bacterium, it may be useless against another type of bacterium.
True
Although Creationists and evolutionists agree that migration takes place, Creationists do not believe that a new “biblical kind” could be formed by migration.
True
T/F A group of cells that grows in an abnormally rapid and chaotic manner is a malignant tumor.
True
T/F Another name for a benign tumor is cancer.
False
T/F A carcinogen is a substance that is believed to cayse aging.
False
T/F There are no viruses that can infect both humans and animals.
False
What do we call the total inability to move or contract muscles?
Paralysis
The condition suffered by many adolescents is characterized by blocked pores and inflamed sebaceous glands is known as _____.
Acne
What type of immovable joint forms where two bones fuse together, forming a line?
Suture
In what kind of fracture is one bone fragment forced into the other?
Impacted
The biceps brachii originates on what bone(s)?
Scapula
What bone is the lower jaw?
Mandible
What bone articulates on the proximal end of the humerus?
Scapula
What bone forms the posterior section of the zygomatic arch?
Temperal bone
Chemicals that insects make to attract members of the opposite sex are _____.
Pharamones
Natural predators and parasites of an insect are examples of _____.
Biological controls
When an insect is brought illegally to an area where it is not native, _____ has been broken.
Quarantine
Insecticides come in two basic forms: stomach poisons and _____ poisons.
Contact
When cancer cells separate from the parent tumor and spread to another part of the body, we say the cancer has _____.
Metastasized
Gerontology is the science of _____.
Aging
When a _____ is performed, a doctor removes a sample of tissue to be examined by a pathologist.
Biopsy
What term is used for an insect or other arthropod that carries pathogens from one organism to another?
Vector
What is a synonym for a communicable disease?
Contageous
What German scientist established a four-step process for determining the cause or etiology of a disease?
Koch
What is the bursting or disintegration of the host cell called during a viral infection?
Lysis
What term is used to describe the complete virus unit?
Virion
Some types of bacteria can survive unfavorable conditions by forming _____.
Endospores
What is the most general term for an agent that invades the body and causes disease?
Pathogen
What is the common name of the Rana pipiens?
A Grass Frog
What is the common name of the Canis latrans?
A Coyote
What is the common name of the Ambystoma tigrinum?
A Tiger Salamander
Name one organism that belongs in the kingdom Fungi.
Mushrooms
Also acceptable answers are mold or yeast
In the modern classification system, a species is divided into _____.
Varieties
In the modern classification system, a kingdom is divided into _____.
Phyla/Divisions
In the modern classification system, a genus is divided into _____.
Species
In the modern classification system, a phylum is divided into _____.
Classes
In the modern classification system, a class is divided into _____.
Orders
In the modern classification system, a family is divided into _____.
Genera
