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Final Exam Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Which is probably the least influential in human behavior?

A

instincts

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2
Q

The cavity in the skull which contains the brain is the________.

A

cranial cavity

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3
Q

The body cavity that contains the heart and the lungs is the_________.

A

thoracic cavity

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4
Q

The fingers in relation to the elbow are_________.

A

distal

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5
Q

The type of tissue that includes bone, cartilage, blood, and lymph is__________.

A

connective

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6
Q

The type of tissue that covers the body and lines the digestive tract is______________.

A

epithelial

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7
Q

The major types of tissues found in the human body include all of the following except______________.

A

bone

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8
Q

Which one of the skin layers carries on mitosis, supplying cells that will eventually be sloughed off?

A

stratum germinativum

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9
Q

The layer of skin that is made up of dead cells is the_______.

A

horny layer

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10
Q

Skin and hair part of the_______.

A

integumentary system

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11
Q

The layer of the skin, is correct order from superficial to deep, are________.

A

epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer.

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12
Q

What helps to keep the hair soft?

A

sebaceous glands

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13
Q

Mild burns (like most sunburns) affect only as deep as the________.

A

epidermis

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14
Q

A pigment that the skin uses in protection against exposure to ultraviolet radiation is________.

A

melanin

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15
Q

The bones of the body serve all these functions except.

A) epidermis
B) manufacturing blood cells
C) protecting organs
D) mending fractured bones

A

D) providing flexibility

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16
Q

The epiphyseal plate is used in_________.

A

bone growth

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17
Q

The tough fibrous tissues covering the outside of a bone is the_______.

A

periosteum

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18
Q

The major mineral substance deposited in bone is________.

A

calcium

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19
Q

The posterior region of the zygomatic arch is made up of the________.

A

temporal bone

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20
Q

The hole in a vertebra is the_____.

A

neural arch

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21
Q

The calcaneus is commonly called the______.

A

heel bone

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22
Q

The joint between the humerus and the radius is a _________.

A

hinge joint

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23
Q

a connection between two or more bones or between cartilage and bone is called a__________.

A

joint

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24
Q

Tough strands of connective tissue that hold the bones of ball-and-socket and hinge joints in place are called_______.

A

ligament

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25
Q

The joints between the various carpals and between various tarsals are_______.

A

gliding joints

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26
Q

The joint between the atlas and the axis is a ___________.

A

pivot joint

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27
Q

A hinge joint is located in the___________.

A

elbow

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28
Q

A band of connective tissue between the fleshy portion of a muscle and bone is_________.

A

a cartilage

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29
Q

A secretion that lubricates a joint and acts as a shock absorber is_______.

A

synovial fluid

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30
Q

When you write your answer to this question, the muscles that move your fingers are____________.

A

skeletal

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31
Q

Muscle that is striated and voluntary is said to be________.

A

skeletal

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32
Q

Smooth muscle is muscle__________.

A

over which you have no conscious control

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33
Q

Muscle that is involuntary and is found in the walls of the digestive system and blood vessels is said to be___________.

A

smooth

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34
Q

Myofibrils are fine threads that make up________.

A

muscles

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35
Q

The ATP molecules provide the___________.

A

energy for muscle contraction

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36
Q

The two structural protein filaments found in muscle cells are__________.

A

actin and myosis

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37
Q

A movement toward the midline of the body is done by a/an___________.

A

adductor muscle

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38
Q

The biceps brachia is antagonistic to the__________.

A

triceps brachia

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39
Q

A muscle that decreases the angle of a joint is called a/an__________.

A

flexor

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40
Q

The masseter would would aid a person most in___________.

A

Chewing

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41
Q

Muscle that is striated and involuntary is said to be__________.

A

cardiac

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42
Q

An example of a sphincter muscle is the____________.

A

orbiculares oris

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43
Q

The pectoralis major would help you most in___________,

A

pushups

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44
Q

A person who uses his gastrocnemius will have well developed_________.

A

calves

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45
Q

The rectus abdominis would help you most in__________.

A

sit-ups

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46
Q

After a great deal of exercise, soreness of muscles is caused in part by a built-up of_____________.

A

lactic acid

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47
Q

Bones of the appendicular skeleton are not found in the________________.

A

head

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48
Q

The distance from one Z line to another is called a___________.

A

sarcomere

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49
Q

A tissue (composed primarily of fat cells) that filled the central cavity of long bones as a person grows older is_____________.

A

yellow bone marrow

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50
Q

A tissue that is active in the formation of red blood cells is the_____________.

A

red bone marrow

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51
Q

T/F The chestnut blight fungus and Dutch elm disease are two fungal diseases that have destroyed many trees in the United States.

A

True

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52
Q

T/F The posterior end of a turtle is its bottom shell.

A

False

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53
Q

T/F The shedding of an exoskeleton is called molting.

A

True

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54
Q

T/F In anatomical position the feet are pointing directly to the front.

A

True

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55
Q

T/F Many destructive fungi are plant parasites.

A

True

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56
Q

T/F A dog is an example of an organism that has spherical symmetry.

A

False

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57
Q

T/F Crayfish are capable of regenerating lost parts.

A

True

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58
Q

T/F In anatomical position the radius and the ulna are crossed over one another.

A

False

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59
Q

T/F Beneficial fungi include edible fungi (such as truffles, yeasts, and certain mushrooms) molds that produce antibiotics, and the decomposer organisms.

A

True

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60
Q

T/F The symmetry of cnidarians and echinoderms is similar.

A

True

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61
Q

T/F Scorpions, barnacles, and ticks are all in the same Arthropod class.

A

False

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62
Q

T/F In anatomical position the ulna is on the thumb side of the hand.

A

False

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63
Q

T/F In Scripture, leaving agents such as yeasts are compared to the effect that a Christian should have on the world.

A

False

64
Q

T/F Vertebrates are animals that have backbones.

A

True

65
Q

T/F Each spider can spin only one type of silk.

A

False

66
Q

T/F In anatomical position the elbow is flexed.

A

False

67
Q

T/F Fungi carry on digestion inside digestion vacuoles.

A

False

68
Q

T/F Most animals are invertebrates.

A

True

69
Q

T/F Typically, millipedes have more legs than centipedes do.

A

True

70
Q

T/F Muscles can only pull; they never push.

A

True

71
Q

T/F Some fungi can live as saprophytes and also as parasites.

A

True

72
Q

T/F A parasite is an organism that is dependent on a host and often harms the host.

A

True

73
Q

T/F Insects are the only flying invertebrates.

A

True

74
Q

T/F Once bones are fully calcified, they remain unchanged.

A

False

75
Q

T/F Rhizoids are hyphae that support and digest food. Haustoria are similar to rhizoids in that they support the fungi, but they enter living cells to obtain food.

A

True

76
Q

T/F A fluke is a parasitic roundworm.

A

False

77
Q

T/F Insects account for less than half of all animal species.

A

False

78
Q

T/F The scapula is part of the axial skeleton.

A

False

79
Q

T/F There are many kinds of yeasts including baker’s yeasts (used in baking breads), brewer’s yeasts (used in making beers), and wine yeasts (used in making wines).

A

True

80
Q

T/F The Ascaris female is longer than the male and has a hook shape on one end of its body.

A

False

81
Q

T/F The phalanges are found in both hands and feet.

A

True

82
Q

T/F Lichens are in the kingdom Fungi phylum Ascomycota.

A

False

83
Q

T/F The Ascaris eats the blood while in its host’s intestine.

A

False

84
Q

T/F The phalanges are more numerous in the right hand than in the right foot.

A

False

85
Q

T/F Fungi are not classified as plants because they lack true tissues and argans.

A

True

86
Q

T/F An open circulatory system is a characteristic of the annelids and the mollusks.

A

False

87
Q

T/F The phalanges are distal to the carpals.

A

True

88
Q

T/F There are very few photosynthetic fungi.

A

False

89
Q

T/F Clams are called filter feeders because they filter water over mucus-coated gills to obtain their food.

A

True

90
Q

T/F The phalanges are more numerous in the thumb than in the little finger.

A

False

91
Q

T/F The mantle cavity in mollusks is used in feeding.

A

False

92
Q

T/F The scapula forms the socket of the shoulder joing.

A

True

93
Q

T/F Members of the phylum Echniodermata include sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sea lilies, and nudibranchs.

A

False

94
Q

T/F A sphincter muscle raises a body part.

A

False

95
Q

T/F The water-vascular system found in some organisms is used for locomotion.

A

True

96
Q

T/F A sphincter muscle reduces the size of an opening.

A

True

97
Q

T/F The arms of a starfish are called rays.

A

True

98
Q

T/F A single coccus bacterium grows and divides and becomes a diplococcus, and then through repeated divisions it becomes a striptococcus of a staphylococcus.

A

False

99
Q

T/F Less than half of all plant species have mycorrhizae associated with their roots.

A

False

100
Q

T/F Taxonomy and systematics mean virtually the same thing.

A

True

101
Q

T/F Autotrophs can be either photosynthetic or chemosynthetic.

A

True

102
Q

T/F In the modern classification system, each group on one level can be divided into several groups on the next lower level.

A

True

103
Q

T/F Transformation in bacteria is a form of genetic transfer in which living bacteria absorb the DNA of other bacteria.

A

True

104
Q

T/F Each level of the currently used classificational hierarchy can be divided into smaller units by using prefixes like “sub-“ and “infra-.”

A

True

105
Q

T/F A heterocyst is a structure found in colonies of blue-green algae.

A

True

106
Q

T/F An earthworm belongs in kingdom Eubacteria.

A

False

107
Q

T/F All the blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) have chlorophyll a in them

A

True

108
Q

T/F The bacterium that causes tuberculosis belongs in kingdom Eubacteria.

A

True

109
Q

T/F All the blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) have heterocysts.

A

False

110
Q

T/F A tomato plant belongs in kingdom Protista.

A

False

111
Q

T/F Bacteria that carry on anaerobic respiration may produce alcohol, lactic acid, or methane.

A

True

112
Q

T/F both the genus and species names should be italicized or underlined, but only the genus name should be capitalized.

A

True

113
Q

T/F Herpes simplex is a viral disease that infects humans, causing fever blisters (cold sores).

A

True

114
Q

T/F Since classifications are for human convenience, classifications can be set up to prove evolution.

A

False

115
Q

T/F The lymphatic system is part of one of the body’s cellular defenses against diseases.

A

True

116
Q

T/F God created the organisms and told them to reproduce after their kind. Many Creationists believe that this establishes the ability to reproduce as the primary criterion for a natural classification system.

A

True

117
Q

T/F Pus contains bacteria, white blood cells, and fluids that are the result of the body’s fighting an infection.

A

True

118
Q

T/F Linnaeus was a Creationist and believed that he was describing the biblical kinds as he classified organisms into species.

A

True

119
Q

T/F Although an antibiotic may be very effective against one type of bacterium, it may be useless against another type of bacterium.

A

True

120
Q

Although Creationists and evolutionists agree that migration takes place, Creationists do not believe that a new “biblical kind” could be formed by migration.

A

True

121
Q

T/F A group of cells that grows in an abnormally rapid and chaotic manner is a malignant tumor.

A

True

122
Q

T/F Another name for a benign tumor is cancer.

A

False

123
Q

T/F A carcinogen is a substance that is believed to cayse aging.

A

False

124
Q

T/F There are no viruses that can infect both humans and animals.

A

False

125
Q

What do we call the total inability to move or contract muscles?

A

Paralysis

126
Q

The condition suffered by many adolescents is characterized by blocked pores and inflamed sebaceous glands is known as _____.

A

Acne

127
Q

What type of immovable joint forms where two bones fuse together, forming a line?

A

Suture

128
Q

In what kind of fracture is one bone fragment forced into the other?

A

Impacted

129
Q

The biceps brachii originates on what bone(s)?

A

Scapula

130
Q

What bone is the lower jaw?

A

Mandible

131
Q

What bone articulates on the proximal end of the humerus?

A

Scapula

132
Q

What bone forms the posterior section of the zygomatic arch?

A

Temperal bone

133
Q

Chemicals that insects make to attract members of the opposite sex are _____.

A

Pharamones

134
Q

Natural predators and parasites of an insect are examples of _____.

A

Biological controls

135
Q

When an insect is brought illegally to an area where it is not native, _____ has been broken.

A

Quarantine

136
Q

Insecticides come in two basic forms: stomach poisons and _____ poisons.

A

Contact

137
Q

When cancer cells separate from the parent tumor and spread to another part of the body, we say the cancer has _____.

A

Metastasized

138
Q

Gerontology is the science of _____.

A

Aging

139
Q

When a _____ is performed, a doctor removes a sample of tissue to be examined by a pathologist.

A

Biopsy

140
Q

What term is used for an insect or other arthropod that carries pathogens from one organism to another?

A

Vector

141
Q

What is a synonym for a communicable disease?

A

Contageous

142
Q

What German scientist established a four-step process for determining the cause or etiology of a disease?

A

Koch

143
Q

What is the bursting or disintegration of the host cell called during a viral infection?

A

Lysis

144
Q

What term is used to describe the complete virus unit?

A

Virion

145
Q

Some types of bacteria can survive unfavorable conditions by forming _____.

A

Endospores

146
Q

What is the most general term for an agent that invades the body and causes disease?

A

Pathogen

147
Q

What is the common name of the Rana pipiens?

A

A Grass Frog

148
Q

What is the common name of the Canis latrans?

A

A Coyote

149
Q

What is the common name of the Ambystoma tigrinum?

A

A Tiger Salamander

150
Q

Name one organism that belongs in the kingdom Fungi.

A

Mushrooms

Also acceptable answers are mold or yeast

151
Q

In the modern classification system, a species is divided into _____.

A

Varieties

152
Q

In the modern classification system, a kingdom is divided into _____.

A

Phyla/Divisions

153
Q

In the modern classification system, a genus is divided into _____.

A

Species

154
Q

In the modern classification system, a phylum is divided into _____.

A

Classes

155
Q

In the modern classification system, a class is divided into _____.

A

Orders

156
Q

In the modern classification system, a family is divided into _____.

A

Genera

Biology (9 decks)

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