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History 414 > first occupants > Flashcards

first occupants Flashcards

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0
Q

The men decide for the tribe. What is this type of society called?

A

Patriarchy

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1
Q

What are the main economic activities practiced by the Algonquians?

A

Hunting , fishing and gathering

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2
Q

Where did the Algonquians lived?

A

They lived in the Canadian shield and the Appalachian Mountains.

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3
Q

What type of lifestyle do the Algonquians have?

A

They are nomadic.

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4
Q

What are the main economic activities practised by the Iroquois.

A

They farm fruits and vegetables, hunt, fish and gather berries.

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5
Q

The women decide for this tribe. What is the name for this type of society?

A

Matriarchy

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6
Q

Where did the Iroquois live?

A

In the St. Lawrence’s Valley

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7
Q

Where do the Inuits live?

A

In the Arctic.

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8
Q

Define barter.

A

The barter system is an exchange of products for another product.

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9
Q

What are the benefits to the trade system between the Amerindians?

A

They could pay war tributes Facilitate peace negotiations Formalizing meetings between dignitaries

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10
Q

Why did the Amerindians trade amongst themselves?

A

They trade items they had in surplus for items they needed or for items that were not found on their territory.

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11
Q

Why do the Amerindians respect animals?

A

They believe that animals have spirits and that they sacrificed themselves for the Amerindians.

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12
Q

Why were the elders so important to Amerindian culture?

A

The Elders were the ones transmitting the culture of the tribe.

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13
Q

What is a sweat lodge?

A

A tent where the Amerindians went to be in touch with nature.

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14
Q

What are the 4 most important meat the Algonquians had in their diet?

A

Caribou Moose Deer Bear

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15
Q

What is the main economic activity for the Iroquois?

A

Agriculture

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16
Q

What type of society were the Iroquois?

A

Sedentary

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17
Q

What are the 3 most farmed vegetables in an Iroquois village?

A

Corn Squash Beans

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18
Q

Why were the Inuit nomadic?

A

They followed the animals.

19
Q

What was the main means of transportation for the Amerindians?

A

Canoe

20
Q

What is the name of the tribe member who is responsible for the spiritual needs of the tribe?

A

Shaman

21
Q

Identify 3 items used on spiritual ceremonies performed by the shaman.

A

Tobacco Rattles Drums Masks Wampum Smoke or fire Dream catchers

22
Q

Identify 3 influences of the French on the Amerindians.

A

Pots Iron tools Knives Guns Alcohol Bread Salt Catholic Faith Clothing Blankets

23
Q

Why do aboriginal people ace a great importance on dreams?

A

They consider it a privileged means of communication with the spirits.

24
Q

What is animism?

A

The belief that everything that exists has a spirit.

25
Q

How were the chiefs chosen?

A

For their courage and their wisdom.

26
Q

Name the three linguistic groups of the aboriginals living in Québec.

A

Inuit Algonquian Iroquois

27
Q

How do the Aboriginals pass on traditions?

A

Orally

28
Q

Who is responsible to transmit culture among the Amerindians?

A

The elders

29
Q

What is the spiritual belief of the Amerindians?

A

That everything in nature had a spirit (animism).

30
Q

Why was it important for the Amerindians to be spiritually committed?

A

The Amerindians communicated with spirits which aloud them to receive their benevolence, generosity and carry on traditions.

31
Q

Using the document, indicate the letter corresponding to the migration flow that led to:

  1. Settlement of North America by the First Occupants.
  2. The settlement of French in America
A
32
Q

Indicate an element of continuity in the way trade was carried out in North America during the periods presented in the document.

A

Barter or the exchange of furs for other goods.

33
Q

What Amerindian family is sedentary?

A

Iroquois

34
Q

Which Amerindian families are nomadic?

A
  1. Algonquian
  2. Inuit
35
Q

What was the trading system that the nomadic and sedentary Amerindians used?

A

The barter system

36
Q

Who passed on information and traditions orally?

A

The Elders

37
Q

How was the chief chosen?

A
  1. For his wisdom
  2. For his courage
38
Q

Which places were better suited to trade with the French?

A
  1. The Ottawa River
  2. St. Lawrence Seaway
  3. Tadoussac
39
Q

What consequences occurred after the first contact between the Europeans and the Amerindians?

A

There was political imbalance, wars, the Amerindians dies because of disease and they changed their way of life.

40
Q

What two characteristics did Amerindians highly value?

A
  1. Equality
  2. Generosity
41
Q

Why did the Iroquois attack Huronia?

A

They wanted to control the fur trade territory.

42
Q

Some tribes are nomadic while others are sedentary. What do they both have in common?

A

They both have close ties to nature and live in harmony with it.

43
Q

When did the first occupants arrived?

A

Nearly 30 000 years ago

44
Q

How did the First occupants cross the Bering Straight?

A

They crossed over a land bridge made of ice.

45
Q

What surrounded the Iroquian village?

A

A wooden palisade

46
Q
A

History 414 (4 decks)

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