First Class

Question 1

What changes with development in age or ability appropriate paradigms?

Answer 1

behavioral and neural levels

Question 2

Unlike other organs, __ __ have different outcomes, dependent on __ the lesion __

Answer 2

partial lesions
where; is

Question 3

Define temporal lobe agnosia

Answer 3

the inability to recognize objectsd

Question 4

define temporal lobe prosopagnosia

Answer 4

the inability to recognize faces

Question 5

Define anterograde amnesia

Answer 5

no new memories

Question 6

define retrograde amnesia

Answer 6

can’t remember old memories

Question 7

What is the function of the cerebellum in memory and learning

Answer 7

helps learn motor skills

Question 8

What role does the amygdala play in memory

Answer 8

emotional memory

Question 9

What role does the hippocampus play in memory?

Answer 9

organizes sensory and cognitive information into a new memory

Question 10

What role does the prefrontal cortex play in emotion?

Answer 10

controls expression of emotions

Question 11

What emotions form in the hypothalamus and amygdala?

Answer 11

fear, anger, pleasure, love, etc.

Question 12

Behavior is often learned by __ and __ or __ of others

Answer 12

rewards; punishments
responses

Question 13

What are the receptors for somesthetic sensation?

Answer 13

touch, pressure, strech, temperature, and pain

Question 14

Describe the gracile and cuneate fasciculi and spinothalamic tract pathways

Answer 14

ascending signals decussate, go to thalamus, to cortex

Question 15

The somatosensory area is in the -_ __

Answer 15

postcentral gyrus

Question 16

What are the lobes of the brain?

Answer 16

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, and insular

Question 17

The fiber pathways formed by descending cortical fibers have three subdivisions, name them.

Answer 17

internal capsule
crus cerebri
pyramid

Question 18

The descending cortical fibers are divided into three primary subdivisions, name them

Answer 18

corticopontine
corticobulbar
corticospinal

Question 19

What are the five hippocampal regions?

Answer 19

dentate gyrus
CA3
CA1
subiculum
entorhinal cortex

Question 20

What is an advantage of an fMRI

Answer 20

eliminates the need for exogenous agents, such as radioactive isotopes used in PET imaging

Question 21

What does an fMRI study?

Answer 21

an indirect measure of brain activity
systems-level approach to study brain-behavior associations

Question 22

Describe how DTI (Diffusion Tensor Imaging) works?

Answer 22

diffusion is a random molecular motion (Brownian motion)
can use this motion to determine the directionality of fiber tracts as indexed by motion of water molecules which is an indirect measure of myelin

Question 23

Define a biomarker

Answer 23

an indicator of physiological, biochemical, or anatomic parameter