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Musculoskeletal > First Aid - MSK > Flashcards

First Aid - MSK Flashcards

1
Q

Unhappy triad- involved anatomy and usual cause

A

ACL, MCL, meniscus (classically medial, lateral technically more common)
sports injury: lateral force to planted leg

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2
Q

ACL/PCL/LCL/MCL - nomenclature refers to which attachment?

A

sites of tibial attachment

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3
Q

Pudendal nerve block location and use

A

ischial spine

relieve delivery pain

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4
Q

Appendix (McBurney’s point) location

A

2/3 of way from umbilicus to ASIS

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5
Q

Lumbar puncture location

A

iliac crest (L4)

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6
Q

Rotator cuff muscles and actions

A

SITS:
Supraspinatus - abducts
Infraspinatus - laterally rotates
Teres minor - adducts and laterally rotates
Subscapularis - medially rotates and adducts

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7
Q

Rotator cuff innervation

A

C5-C6

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8
Q

Wrist bones (ulnar to radial)

A

So Long To Pinky, Here Comes the Thumb:
proximal row: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrium, pisiform
distal row: hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium
1st row ulnar to radial, 2nd row radial to ulnar

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9
Q

Most commonly fractured wrist bone and common complication

A

scaphoid

prone to avascular necrosis

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10
Q

Dislocation of which bone may lead to acute carpal tunnel?

A

lunate

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11
Q

Waiter’s Tip (Erb’s palsy)

A 
Upper trunk (C5/C6) lesion
infants following delivery trauma
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12
Q

Claw hand (Klumpke’s palsy)

A 
Lower trunk (C8/T1) lesion
embryologic childbirth defect or thoracic outlet syndrome
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13
Q

Wrist drop

A

Posterior cord lesion

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14
Q

Winged scapula

A

Long thoracic (C5-T1) lesion

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15
Q

Saturday night palsy (wrist drop)

A

Radial branch lesion

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16
Q

Deltoid paralysis

A

Axillary branch lesion (C5/6)

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17
Q

Difficulty flexing at elbow

A

Musculocutaneous branch lesion

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18
Q

Claw hand (intrisinc hand muscles)

A

Ulnar branch

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19
Q

Brachial plexus levels

A 
Randy Travis Drinks Cold Beer:
Roots (C5-T1)
Trunks (upper, middle, lower)
Divisions (crossing over occurs here
Cords (lateral, posterior, medial)
Branches (axillary, radial, musculocutaneous, ulnar)
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20
Q

Axillary nerve levels

A

C5/6

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21
Q

Axillary nerve - typical injury

A

surgical neck of humerus (fracture)

dislocation of humeral head

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22
Q

Axillary nerve - motor and sensory deficit

A

arm abduction above shoulder

sensory loss over deltoid muscle

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23
Q

Radial nerve levels

A

C5-T1

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24
Q

Radial nerve - typical injury

A

midshaft of humerus (fracture)

Saturday night palsy

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25
Q

Radial nerve - motor deficit

A

BEST extensors:

brachioradialis, extensors of wrist/fingers, supinator, triceps

26
Q

Radial nerve - sensory deficit

A

posterior arm

dorsal hand

27
Q

Median nerve - typical injury

A

supracondylar humerus fracture (proximal)

28
Q

Median nerve - motor deficit

A

wrist flexion
opposition of thumb
lateral finger flexion (digits 1+2)

29
Q

Median nerve - sensory deficit

A

dorsal and palmar aspects of lateral 3.5 fingers (through part of ring finger)
thenar emminence

30
Q

Ulnar nerve - typical injury

A

medial epicondyle fracture (“funny bone”)

31
Q

Ulnar nerve - motor deficit

A

medial (4+5) finger flexion

wrist flexion

32
Q

Ulnar nerve - sensory deficit

A

medial 1.5 fingers (ring and pinky)

hypothenar emminence

33
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve - typical injury

A

upper trunk compression

34
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve - motor deficit

A

flexion at elbow (biceps, brachialis, corachobrachialis)

35
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve - sensory deficit

A

lateral forearm

36
Q

Inability to extend digits 4/5 when opening hand

A

Ulnar claw: ulnar nerve at hook of hamate (FOOSH)

37
Q

Inability to extend digits 2/3 when opening hand

A

Median claw: carpal tunnel or dislocated lunate (distal median nerve)

38
Q

Unable to flex digits 2/3 when making fist

A

Pope’s blessing: proximal median nerve injury

39
Q

Unopposable thumb (can’t abduct)

A

Ape hand: proximal median nerve injury

40
Q

Inability to extend any fingers (clawing of all digits)

A

Klumpke’s total claw: lower trunk (C8-T1) lesion

41
Q

Obturator nerve - levels

A

L2-L4

42
Q

Obturator nerve - typical injury

A

anterior hip dislocation

43
Q

Obturator nerve - motor deficit

A

thigh adduction

44
Q

Obturator nerve - sensory deficit

A

medial thigh

45
Q

Fermoral nerve - levels

A

L2-L4

46
Q

Femoral nerve - typical injury

A

pelvic fracture

47
Q

Femoral nerve - motor deficit

A

thigh flexion

leg extension

48
Q

Femoral nerve - sensory deficit

A

anterior thigh and medial leg

49
Q

Common fibular (peroneal) nerve - levels

A

L4-S2

50
Q

Common fibular nerve - typical injury

A

trauma/compression of lateral leg

fibular neck fracture

51
Q

Common fibular nerve - motor deficit

A

foot eversion and dorsiflexion (foot drop presents)

52
Q

Common fibular nerve - sensory deficit

A

anterolateral leg and dorsal foot

53
Q

Tibial nerve - levels

A

L4-S3

54
Q

Tibial nerve - typical injury

A

knee trauma

55
Q

Tibial nerve - motor deficit

A

foot inversion and plantarflexion

toe flexion

56
Q

Tibial nerve - sensory deficit

A

sole of foot

57
Q

Superior gluteal nerve - levels, injury and motor deficit

A

L4-S1, posterior hip dislocation, thigh abduction (+ Trendelenberg sign)

58
Q

Inferior gluteal nerve - levels, injury and motor deficit

A

L5-S2, posterior hip dislocation

can’t jump, climb stairs or rise from seat (push inferiorly)

59
Q

Osteoblast function

A

build bone (secrete collagen and catalyze mineralization)

60
Q

Osteoclast function

A

mlutiucleated cells that dissolve bone

61
Q

Parathyroid hormone function

A

low, intermittent levels: anabolic effect on bone

chronic high levels (osteitis fibrosa cystica): cataloic effect on bone

62
Q

Estrogen effects on bone

A

inhibits apoptosis of osteoblasts, induces apoptosis of osteoclasts

Musculoskeletal (8 decks)

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