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PDHPE > First Aid - CQ1 > Flashcards

First Aid - CQ1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define First Aid

A

Emergency care given to victims before medical help arrives
It is important to set priorities for managing first aid situations

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2
Q

What is the aim of first aid?

A

Reserve life
Protect the unconscious
Prevent condition from worsening
Promote recovery
Seek medical assisstance

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3
Q

What things to consider when approaching a first aid scene?

A

Analyse the situation
- What happened?
- What can ā€˜Iā€™ do (skill wise)
Plan and prioritise important issues

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4
Q

What to report when contacting 000?

A

The TYPE (seriousness)
The NUMBER of people involved
The LOCATION
Is the patient BREATHING

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5
Q

What is a Secondary Survey?

A

Injuries considered non-critical

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6
Q

What is required by the PEOPLE during an emergency?

A

Requesting bystanders to call for help (000)
Directing people (Hazard lights, to safety, giving space)
Requesting assistance

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7
Q

What is the order when prioritising the area of injury?

A
  1. Chest
  2. Head
  3. Spine
  4. Abdomen
  5. Pelvis
  6. Limbs
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8
Q

What is the DRSABCD

A

Danger
Response
Send for help
Airway
Breathing
CPR
Defibrillation

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9
Q

What to do in danger (DRSABCD)?

A

Check for dangers and hazards
- Yourself, patient(s), others
ALL elements of danger are removed
- Lowers risks of everyone
- Prevent further injury/casualties

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10
Q

What to do during response (DRSABCD)?

A

Assess the level of consciousness
COWS (list acronym)
Conscious: Treat accordingly to injury in a comfortable position (Secondary Assessment)
Unconscious: Airway + potential spinal injury

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11
Q

What to do when sending for help (DRSABCD)?

A

Caller MUST be able to stay on the phone and aware of the condition
Location, access, injury, number, estimated age, consciousness
- Informs for equipment to bring

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12
Q

What to do in Airway (DRSABCD)?

A

Open, clear and maintain
Recovery position (Prevent secondary drowning)
Pistol hold on chin, other hand on head tilting it back (open)
Remove foreign objects (clear)

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13
Q

What to do in Breathing (DRSABCD)?

A

Look, listen and feel
Takes around 10 secs
Sudden gasping is NOT breathing

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14
Q

What to do in CPR (DRSABCD)?

A

Chest compression
- 100bpm (hard and fast compression)
- Heel of hands, fingers PARALLEL to ribs (Breast bone)
- Compress 1/3 of the chest depth (Body weight)
Rescue breaths (30:2)
- Breathing normally
- Pinch nose and pistol hold
- Watch stomach for signs of breathing
CPR until breathing/paramedics arrived/exhaustion/death

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15
Q

What to do in Defibrillation (DRSABCD)?

A

Ensure a defibrillator
- Improves chance of survival
- Electric shocks to a stopped heart
Follow visual/voice instructions

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16
Q

The order to prioritise serious conditions

A
  1. Breathing
  2. Bleeding]
  3. Burns
  4. Bones
17
Q

What are the 3 major conditions for Crisis Management?

A

Bleeding
Shock
Neck & Spinal Injuries

18
Q

Symptoms and Management of Bleeding

A

S: Blood oozing from capillary or/and flowing from veins or/and spurt from artery
M: DRSABCD, gloves, PER

19
Q

What is PER (Bleeding management)?

A

Pressure
Elevation
Rest/Referral

20
Q

Symptoms and Management of Shock

A

S: Body shuts off the blood supply to extremities (arms, leg, skin), pale/cold/clammy, weak, rapid shallow breathing, nausea/faintness
M: DRSABCD, Reassuring, loosen restrictive clothing, comfortable position, leg above height of heart, no food/drinks

21
Q

Symptoms and Management of Neck and Spinal Injuries

A

S: Pain at/below injury site, loss of movement, tingling hands or feet
M: Not move, AIRWAY, Support head+neck (Conscious) DRSABCD (unconscious), Loosen clothing, reassuring

22
Q

What is the STOP Regime?

A

Used in a sporting setting ND for secondary assessment
Stop
Talk
Observe
Prevent further injuries

23
Q

What to do in Stop (STOP)

A

Stop athlete from participating/ moving
Stop the game if necessary
Do not panic

24
Q

What to do in Talk (STOP)?

A

Talk to athlete
- What, how, where etc.
- Words of encouragement

25
Q

What to do in Observe (STOP)?

A

General: Distressed, unusual position/posture, comfortable environment
Injury: Swelling, deformity, comparing limbs, tenderness

26
Q

What to do in Prevent Further Injury (STOP)

A

Severe: Head,facial,spinal,chest,abdomen injuries, factures, bleeding - Get help
Less severe: Strains(Ligament), strains(Muscle), muscle bruises(Tendons) - R(est)I(ce)C(ompression)E(levation)R(eferral)
Minor: Bumps, bruises - Play on

PDHPE (9 decks)

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