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Lincoln Air Pin > First Aid/CPR > Flashcards

First Aid/CPR Flashcards

1
Q

How many objectives of First Aid are there?

A

3

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2
Q

What are the three objectives of First Aid?

A

Prevent Further Injury, infection and Loss of Life

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3
Q

How many areas can First Aid be categorized into?

A

8

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4
Q

What are the eight categories of First Aid?

A

Bleeding, Burns, Fractures, Electric Shock, Obstructed Airways, Heat Related Injuries, Cold Weather Injuries, Shock

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5
Q

How many methods are there to control bleeding?

A

4

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6
Q

What are the four methods to control bleeding?

A

Direct Pressure, Elevation, Pressure Points, Tourniquet

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7
Q

What is a pressure point?

A

Point on the body where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone

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8
Q

How many principal pressure points are there on each side of the body?

A

11 or 22 total

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9
Q

How many classification of burns are there?

A

3

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10
Q

what are the eleven pressure points?

A

temple, jaw, neck, collar bone, inner upper arm, inner elbow, wrist, upper thigh, groin, knee, ankle

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11
Q

Symptoms of first degree burns

A

produces redness, warmth and mild pain

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12
Q

symptoms of second degree burns

A

causes red, blistered skin and severe pain

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13
Q

symptoms of third degree burns

A

destroys tissue, skin and bone in severe cases, however pain may be absent due to nerve endings destroyed

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14
Q

indications of obstructed airways

A

inability to talk, grasping and pointing to the throat, exaggerated breathing efforts, skin turning bluish color

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15
Q

Types of heat related injuries

A

heat stroke, heat exhaustion

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16
Q

indications of heat exhaustion

A 
disturbance of blood flow to brain, heart and lungs
skin is cool, clammy and moist
pupils dilated
body temp high or normal
victim is usually sweating profusely
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17
Q

indications of heat stroke

A

serious condition caused by breakdown of sweating mechanism of body
victim unable to eliminate excessive body heat buildup
hot and/or dry skin
uneven pupil dilation
weak rapid pulse

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18
Q

how many cold weather injuries are there?

A

3

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19
Q

what are the three types of cold weather injuries?

A

hypothermia, superficial frostbite, deep frostbite

20
Q

what is hypothermia and its symptoms?

A

general cooling of the whole body caused by exposure to low or rapidly falling temperature, cold moisture, snow or ice
victim may appear pale/unconscious may seem dead
breathing is slow and shallow
pulse faint or undetectable
body tissues feel semi rigid, arms/legs feel stiff

21
Q

what is superficial frostbite?

A

when ice crystals are forming in upper skin layers after exposure to temperatures 32 degrees or lower

22
Q

what is a deep frostbite?

A

when ice crystals are forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to temperatures 32 degrees or lower

23
Q

what is shock?

A

life threatening medical condition whereby the body suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout the body as a result to severe injury or illness

24
Q

how many types of shock are there? what are they?

A

5 types

septic shock, anaphylactic shock, cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock, neurogenic shock

25
Q

what is septic shock? its common causes?

A

bacteria multiplying in the blood and releasing toxins

common causes: pneumonia, intra-abdominal infections (ruptured appendix), meningitis

26
Q

what is anaphylactic shock?

A

severe hypersensitivity or allergic reaction

allergy to insect stings, medicines or foods

27
Q

what is cardiogenic shock?

A

heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to body
can be end result of heart attack or congestive heart failures

28
Q

what is hypovolemic shock?

A

severe blood and fluid loss, traumatic bodily injury, makes heart unable to pump enough blood to body

29
Q

what is neurogenic shock?

A

spinal cord injury, usually result of traumatic accident or injury

30
Q

what does CPR stand for?

A

Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation

31
Q

What does CPR do?

A

supports a small amount of blood flow to the heat and brain to “buy time” until normal heart function is restored

32
Q

What is CAB?

A

Circulation, Airway, Breathing

33
Q

Why was ABC changed to CAB?

A

recognition of the importance of chest compressions have on successful victim resuscitation

34
Q

what are the two organizations that cover CPR?

A

American Red Cross and American Heart Association

35
Q

what is the key to survival for victims of cardiac arrest?

A

immediate recognition of arrest and immediate activation of the emergency response system

36
Q

what are the six steps for CPR Survival Chain?

A

recognition/activation of CPR, chest compressions, AED/defibrillator, rapid defibrillation, advance life support, integrated post cardiac arrest care

37
Q

what medical condition should a patient have for CPR to be used?

A

cardiac arrest

38
Q

2 examples for advanced life support

A

EMT’s and Ambulance

39
Q

What does AHA stand for?

A

American Heart Association

40
Q

What does ARC stand for?

A

American Red Cross

41
Q

What is the survival chain?

A

an integrated set of coordinated actions

42
Q

what does AED stand for?

A

Automated External Defibrillator

43
Q

What is the rate or compressions per minute?

A

100 to 120 compressions per minute

44
Q

what do you do before shocking a patient?

A

ensure everyone is clear and not touching the patient

45
Q

what are the methods for opening an airway?

A

head tilt, jaw thrust

46
Q

if someone is chocking what should you perform on them?

A

abdominal thrust

47
Q

to remove an object you see in a patients airway, what method should you use?

A

finger sweep

Lincoln Air Pin (5 decks)

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