First Aid/CPR Flashcards

1
Q

How many objectives of First Aid are there?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three objectives of First Aid?

A

Prevent Further Injury, infection and Loss of Life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many areas can First Aid be categorized into?

A

8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the eight categories of First Aid?

A

Bleeding, Burns, Fractures, Electric Shock, Obstructed Airways, Heat Related Injuries, Cold Weather Injuries, Shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many methods are there to control bleeding?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the four methods to control bleeding?

A

Direct Pressure, Elevation, Pressure Points, Tourniquet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a pressure point?

A

Point on the body where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How many principal pressure points are there on each side of the body?

A

11 or 22 total

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many classification of burns are there?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the eleven pressure points?

A

temple, jaw, neck, collar bone, inner upper arm, inner elbow, wrist, upper thigh, groin, knee, ankle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Symptoms of first degree burns

A

produces redness, warmth and mild pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

symptoms of second degree burns

A

causes red, blistered skin and severe pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

symptoms of third degree burns

A

destroys tissue, skin and bone in severe cases, however pain may be absent due to nerve endings destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

indications of obstructed airways

A

inability to talk, grasping and pointing to the throat, exaggerated breathing efforts, skin turning bluish color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Types of heat related injuries

A

heat stroke, heat exhaustion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

indications of heat exhaustion

A
disturbance of blood flow to brain, heart and lungs
skin is cool, clammy and moist
pupils dilated
body temp high or normal
victim is usually sweating profusely
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

indications of heat stroke

A

serious condition caused by breakdown of sweating mechanism of body
victim unable to eliminate excessive body heat buildup
hot and/or dry skin
uneven pupil dilation
weak rapid pulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how many cold weather injuries are there?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the three types of cold weather injuries?

A

hypothermia, superficial frostbite, deep frostbite

20
Q

what is hypothermia and its symptoms?

A

general cooling of the whole body caused by exposure to low or rapidly falling temperature, cold moisture, snow or ice
victim may appear pale/unconscious may seem dead
breathing is slow and shallow
pulse faint or undetectable
body tissues feel semi rigid, arms/legs feel stiff

21
Q

what is superficial frostbite?

A

when ice crystals are forming in upper skin layers after exposure to temperatures 32 degrees or lower

22
Q

what is a deep frostbite?

A

when ice crystals are forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to temperatures 32 degrees or lower

23
Q

what is shock?

A

life threatening medical condition whereby the body suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout the body as a result to severe injury or illness

24
Q

how many types of shock are there? what are they?

A

5 types

septic shock, anaphylactic shock, cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock, neurogenic shock

25
what is septic shock? its common causes?
bacteria multiplying in the blood and releasing toxins | common causes: pneumonia, intra-abdominal infections (ruptured appendix), meningitis
26
what is anaphylactic shock?
severe hypersensitivity or allergic reaction | allergy to insect stings, medicines or foods
27
what is cardiogenic shock?
heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to body can be end result of heart attack or congestive heart failures
28
what is hypovolemic shock?
severe blood and fluid loss, traumatic bodily injury, makes heart unable to pump enough blood to body
29
what is neurogenic shock?
spinal cord injury, usually result of traumatic accident or injury
30
what does CPR stand for?
Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
31
What does CPR do?
supports a small amount of blood flow to the heat and brain to "buy time" until normal heart function is restored
32
What is CAB?
Circulation, Airway, Breathing
33
Why was ABC changed to CAB?
recognition of the importance of chest compressions have on successful victim resuscitation
34
what are the two organizations that cover CPR?
American Red Cross and American Heart Association
35
what is the key to survival for victims of cardiac arrest?
immediate recognition of arrest and immediate activation of the emergency response system
36
what are the six steps for CPR Survival Chain?
recognition/activation of CPR, chest compressions, AED/defibrillator, rapid defibrillation, advance life support, integrated post cardiac arrest care
37
what medical condition should a patient have for CPR to be used?
cardiac arrest
38
2 examples for advanced life support
EMT's and Ambulance
39
What does AHA stand for?
American Heart Association
40
What does ARC stand for?
American Red Cross
41
What is the survival chain?
an integrated set of coordinated actions
42
what does AED stand for?
Automated External Defibrillator
43
What is the rate or compressions per minute?
100 to 120 compressions per minute
44
what do you do before shocking a patient?
ensure everyone is clear and not touching the patient
45
what are the methods for opening an airway?
head tilt, jaw thrust
46
if someone is chocking what should you perform on them?
abdominal thrust
47
to remove an object you see in a patients airway, what method should you use?
finger sweep