Chemical, Biological & Radiological Warfare

Question 1

What is chemical warfare?

Answer 1

Employment of chemical agents that rea intended for use in military operations to kill, seriously injure or incapacitate personnel due to their physiological effect

Question 2

How many types of chemical agents are there? What are they?

Answer 2

4 types

nerve agents, blister agents, blood agents and choking agents

Question 3

What do nerve agents do? What are some examples?

Answer 3

liquid casualty agents that disrupt nerve impulses to body while damaging body functions
examples: Sarin (GB), tabun(GA), Soman (GD), VX

Question 4

What do blister agents do? What are some examples?

Answer 4

liquid or solid casualty agents cause inflamation, blisters, general destruction of tissues which often result in temporary blindness and/or death
Examples: Distilled Mustard (HD), Lewisite (L), Phosgene Oxime (CX), Levinstein Mustard (HL)

Question 5

What do blood agents do? What are some examples?

Answer 5

gaseous casualty agents that attack enzymes carrying oxygen in the blood stream, rapid breathing or choking may occur due to lack of oxygen in the blood
Examples: Hydrogen Cyanide (AC), Cyanogen Chloride (CK), Arsine (SA)

Question 6

What do choking agents do? What are some examples?

Answer 6

Gaseous or liquid agents with initial symptoms that include tears, dry throat, nausea, vomiting, headache
Lugs can become filled with fluid making victim feel as they are drowning, breathing become rapid/shallow
Examples: Phosgene (CG) and Diphosgene

Question 7

What does M9 chemical agent detector paper do?

Answer 7

detects presence of Liquid chemical agents by turning red/reddish color
Does not detect chemical agent vapors

Question 8

what is atropine 2-PAM-chloride auto injector used for

Answer 8

used as specific therapy for nerve agent casualties

issued for intramuscular injection, self-aid/first aid

Question 9

what is biological warfare?

Answer 9

use of agents t cause disease, sickness or death to reduce the effectiveness of opposing combatant forces

Question 10

what is the basic division of biological agents?

Answer 10

pathogens and toxins

Question 11

what pathogens could be used as biological agents?

Answer 11

bacteria, rickettsia, viruses, fungi, protozoa, prions

Question 12

what are the major groupings of toxins?

Answer 12

mycotoxins (fungi), bacterial toxins, algal toxins, animal venoms, plant toxins

Question 13

what are the primary groups based on physiological effect?

Answer 13

neurotoxins, cytotoxins, enterotoxins, dermatoxins

Question 14

What is IPE?

Answer 14

Individual Protective Equipment for CBR Warfare

Question 15

Types of IPE?

Answer 15

protective mask MCU-2P with components (C2 Canister filter), advanced chemical protective garment (ACPG), chemical protective gloves and liners, chemical protective over boots and laces, skin decontamination kit

Question 16

what is not considered IPE but is provided?

Answer 16

medical self-treatment supplies

Question 17

what is radiological warfare?

Answer 17

deliberate use of radiological weapons to produce widespread injury and death of all life

Question 18

how many types of Nuclear Explosions are there? what are they?

Answer 18

5 types

-high altitude air burst/air burst/surface burst/shallow underwater burst/deep underwater burst

Question 19

What is a High Altitude air burst?

Answer 19

occurs at altitudes in excess of 100,000 feet with ionosphere and EMP

Question 20

what is an air burst?

Answer 20

fireball does not reach surface, vacuum created collects debris caused by the severe blast damage resulting in radiation fallout

Question 21

what is surface burst?

Answer 21

has the worst fallout due to the fireball and blast wave however it causes large wave and contamination

Question 22

what is shallow underwater burst?

Answer 22

small fireball/blast wave however it causes large waves and water contamination

Question 23

what is deep underwater burst?

Answer 23

similar to shallow underwater burst but with less visual effect yields grater water contamination

Question 24

shipboard shielding stations are categorized as what?

Answer 24

ready or deep shelter stations

Question 25

what are ready shelter stations?

Answer 25

just inside the weather envelope, access to deep shelter provide minimum shielding from nuclear radiation and allow crew to remain close to battle stations

Question 26

what are deep shelter stations?

Answer 26

low in the ship and near the centerline. provide maximum shielding from nuclear radiation often requiring personnel be far removed from battle stations

Question 27

what is DT-60 Dosimeter?

Answer 27

non-self reading high range casualty dosimeter can determine total amount of gamma radiation to which the wearer is exposed in the 0-600 roentgens

Question 28

what does MOPP stand for?

Answer 28

Mission Oriented Protective Posture

Question 29

What happens in MOPP Level 0

Answer 29

Issue IPE, accessible within 5 minutes

Question 30

What happens in MOPP Level 1?

Answer 30

JSLIST, Mask, gloves readily accessible

Question 31

What happens in MOPP Level 2?

Answer 31

Mask carried, decontamination supplies are staged

Question 32

What happens in MOPP level 3?

Answer 32

GQ, install filters, don over-boots

Question 33

What happens in MOPP level 4?

Answer 33

Don mask/hood, gloves, circle william, countermeasure washdown