Chemical, Biological & Radiological Warfare Flashcards
What is chemical warfare?
Employment of chemical agents that rea intended for use in military operations to kill, seriously injure or incapacitate personnel due to their physiological effect
How many types of chemical agents are there? What are they?
4 types
nerve agents, blister agents, blood agents and choking agents
What do nerve agents do? What are some examples?
liquid casualty agents that disrupt nerve impulses to body while damaging body functions
examples: Sarin (GB), tabun(GA), Soman (GD), VX
What do blister agents do? What are some examples?
liquid or solid casualty agents cause inflamation, blisters, general destruction of tissues which often result in temporary blindness and/or death
Examples: Distilled Mustard (HD), Lewisite (L), Phosgene Oxime (CX), Levinstein Mustard (HL)
What do blood agents do? What are some examples?
gaseous casualty agents that attack enzymes carrying oxygen in the blood stream, rapid breathing or choking may occur due to lack of oxygen in the blood
Examples: Hydrogen Cyanide (AC), Cyanogen Chloride (CK), Arsine (SA)
What do choking agents do? What are some examples?
Gaseous or liquid agents with initial symptoms that include tears, dry throat, nausea, vomiting, headache
Lugs can become filled with fluid making victim feel as they are drowning, breathing become rapid/shallow
Examples: Phosgene (CG) and Diphosgene
What does M9 chemical agent detector paper do?
detects presence of Liquid chemical agents by turning red/reddish color
Does not detect chemical agent vapors
what is atropine 2-PAM-chloride auto injector used for
used as specific therapy for nerve agent casualties
issued for intramuscular injection, self-aid/first aid
what is biological warfare?
use of agents t cause disease, sickness or death to reduce the effectiveness of opposing combatant forces
what is the basic division of biological agents?
pathogens and toxins
what pathogens could be used as biological agents?
bacteria, rickettsia, viruses, fungi, protozoa, prions
what are the major groupings of toxins?
mycotoxins (fungi), bacterial toxins, algal toxins, animal venoms, plant toxins
what are the primary groups based on physiological effect?
neurotoxins, cytotoxins, enterotoxins, dermatoxins
What is IPE?
Individual Protective Equipment for CBR Warfare
Types of IPE?
protective mask MCU-2P with components (C2 Canister filter), advanced chemical protective garment (ACPG), chemical protective gloves and liners, chemical protective over boots and laces, skin decontamination kit
what is not considered IPE but is provided?
medical self-treatment supplies
what is radiological warfare?
deliberate use of radiological weapons to produce widespread injury and death of all life
how many types of Nuclear Explosions are there? what are they?
5 types
-high altitude air burst/air burst/surface burst/shallow underwater burst/deep underwater burst
What is a High Altitude air burst?
occurs at altitudes in excess of 100,000 feet with ionosphere and EMP
what is an air burst?
fireball does not reach surface, vacuum created collects debris caused by the severe blast damage resulting in radiation fallout
what is surface burst?
has the worst fallout due to the fireball and blast wave however it causes large wave and contamination
what is shallow underwater burst?
small fireball/blast wave however it causes large waves and water contamination
what is deep underwater burst?
similar to shallow underwater burst but with less visual effect yields grater water contamination
shipboard shielding stations are categorized as what?
ready or deep shelter stations
