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STEP 1 > First Aid Classic/Relevant Treatments > Flashcards

First Aid Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Absence siezures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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3
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate;
CBT;
Atomexetine

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4
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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5
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram
Acamprosate
Naltrexone
Supportive care

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6
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Long-acting benzopdiazepines

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7
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Anorexia

A

Nutrition;
Psychotherapy;
Mirtazapine

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8
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

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9
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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10
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

B12 deficiency

A

Vitamin B12 supplementation (work up cause with Schilling test)

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11
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

alpha-1 antagonists;
5-alpha-reductase inhibitors;
PDE5 inhibitors

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12
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Bipolar disorder

A

Mood stabilizers (ie lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine, atypical antipsychotics)

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13
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Breast cancer in postmenopausal women

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrazole)

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14
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Buerger disease

A

Smoking cessation

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15
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Candida albicans

A

Topical azoles (vaginitis), nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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16
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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17
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline(+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea co-infection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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18
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Chronic gout

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (allopurinol, febuxostat)

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19
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Chronic hepatits B or C

A

IFN-alpha (HBV and HCV), Ribavirin, Simeprevir, Sofosbuvir (HCV)

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20
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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21
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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22
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole, if refractory, oral vancomycin

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23
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoin

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24
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

CMV

A

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

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25
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Crohn disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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26
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)

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27
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

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28
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Depression

A

SSRIs (first-line)

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29
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin (central), hydrochlorathiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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30
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Diabetes mellitus type I

A

Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement

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31
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Diabetes mellitus type 2

A

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, insulin (if refractory)

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32
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

Fluids, insulin, K+

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33
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Enterococci

A

Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins

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34
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Erectile dysfunction

A

Sildenafil, Tadalafil, Vardenafil

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35
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

ER+ breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

36
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

37
Q 
What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:
Haemophilus influenzae (B)
A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

38
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Generalized anxiety disorder

A

SSRIs, SNRIs (first line), buspirone (second line)

39
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

40
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Heprain reversal

A

Protamine sulfate

41
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

HER2/neu + breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

42
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone

43
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statin (first-line)

44
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Fibrate

45
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Immediate anticoagulation

A

Heparin

46
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Infertility

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), Clomiphene

47
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Influenza

A

Oseltamivir, Zanamivir

48
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Kawasaki disease

A

IVIG, high-dose aspirin

49
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Legionella pneumophila

A

Macrolides (ie azithromycin)

50
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin, digabatrin, rivaroxaban, apixaban

51
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Malaria

A

Chloroquine, Mefloquine, Atovaquone/Proguanil (for blood schizont), Primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

52
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

53
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Medical abortion

A

Mifeprestone

54
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Migraine

A

Abortive therapies (sumatriptan, NSAIDs), prophylaxis (propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)

55
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Multiple sclerosis

A

Disease-modifying therapies (beta-interferon, natalizumab, for acute flares IV steroids

56
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

57
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)

58
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Neural tube defect prevention

A

Prenatal folic acid

59
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Osteomalacia/rickets

A

Vitamin D supplementation

60
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Osteoporosis

A

Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis); bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)

61
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Close with indomethacin; open or maintain with PGE analogs

62
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Pheochromocytoma

A

alpha-antagonists (ie phenoxybenzamine)

63
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Pneumocystis jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

64
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Prolactinoma

A

Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

65
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

66
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Prostate adenocarcinoma

A

Flutamide

67
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems

68
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)

A

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

69
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Rickettsia ricketsii

A

Doxycycline, chloramphenicol

70
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

Atypical antipsychotics

71
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

Typical and atypical antipsychotics

72
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

SIADH

A

Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline

73
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Sickle cell disease

A

Hydroxyurea (increased fetal hemoglobin)

74
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Sporothrix schenckii

A

Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide

75
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Stable angina

A

Sublingual nitroglycerin

76
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Staphylococcus aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin, (antistaphylococcal penicillins)
MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline

77
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Streptococcus bovis

A

Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

78
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

79
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Temporal arteritis

A

High dose steroids

80
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Tonic-clonic seizures

A

Levitiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

81
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

82
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin

83
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (patient and partner)

84
Q 
What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:
Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)
A

Carbamazepine

85
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA preparations (ie mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy

86
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

87
Q

What are the classic/relevant treatment(s) for:

Warfarin reversal

A

Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)

STEP 1 (7 decks)

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