First Aid

Question 1

3 objectives of first aid

Answer 1

Save Life; Prevent Further Injury; Prevent Infection

Question 2

Methods of Controlling Bleeding

Answer 2

Direct Pressure
Elevation
Pressure Points

Last Resort Tourniquet

Question 3

How many pressure points on each side of the body?

Answer 3

11

Question 4

Facial Artery

Answer 4

JAW

Question 5

Superficial Temporal Artery

Answer 5

TEMPLE

Question 6

Subclavian Artery

Answer 6

COLLAR BONE

Question 7

Common Carotid Artery

Answer 7

NECK

Question 8

Brachial Artery

Answer 8

INNER UPPER ARM

Question 9

Brachial Artery

Answer 9

INNER ELBOW

Question 10

Radial/Ulnar Artery

Answer 10

WRIST

Question 11

Femoral Artery

Answer 11

UPPER THIGH

Question 12

Iliac Artery

Answer 12

GROIN

Question 13

Popliteal Artery

Answer 13

KNEE

Question 14

Anterior/Posterior Tibial Artery

Answer 14

ANKLE

Question 15

Shock

Answer 15

Disruption of circulatory system

Question 16

Shock Symptoms

Answer 16

vacant/lackluster eyes
		         Shallow/irregular breathing
		         Cold/moist/pale skin
		         Nausea
		         Weak/Absent Pulse

Question 17

Shock Treatment

Answer 17

Treatment: Elevate Feet 6 – 12 inch

Cover with blanket
Reassure/calm victim

Question 18

What are the 3 types of burns?

Answer 18

1st, 2nd, 3rd

Question 19

Describe 1st Degree Burn

Answer 19

Mildest, producing redness, increased warmth, tenderness and mild pain

Question 20

Describe 2nd Degree Burn

Answer 20

Red and blistered skin; severe pain

Question 21

Describe 3rd Degree Burn

Answer 21

Destroyed tissue, skin and bone in severe cases

Severe pain may be absent due to nerve endings being destroyed

Question 22

Heat Exhaustion

Answer 22

Serous disturbance of blood flow to the brain, heart and lungs

Symptoms: Skin cool, moist and clammy; pupils dilated; normal/subnormal body temp.

Treatment: Move victim to cool/a/c area; loosen clothing; apply cool cloths to head/groin/ankles

Question 23

Heat Exhaustion Symptoms

Answer 23

Symptoms: Skin cool, moist and clammy; pupils dilated; normal/subnormal body temp.

Question 24

Heat Exhaustion Treatment

Answer 24

Treatment: Move victim to cool/a/c area; loosen clothing; apply cool cloths to head/groin/ankles

Question 25

Heat Stroke

Answer 25

Breakdown of sweating mechanism

Question 26

Heat Stroke Symptoms

Answer 26

Symptoms: Hot/Dry skin; uneven pupil dilation; weak/rapid pulse

Question 27

Heat Stroke Treatment

Answer 27

Treatment: Douse with cold water; place cold packs shoulders/neck/ankles/groin

Question 28

Open Fracture

Answer 28

“Compound” fracture
Open wound in the tissue or skin
Protruding bone

Question 29

Closed Fracture

Answer 29

“Simple” fracture
Internal
No break in skin

Question 30

Electric Shock: Personnel Rescue

Answer 30

DO NOT touch body, wire, or object that may be conducting electricity.

1st: Look for twitching
2nd: No switch – broom handle

Treatment: Artificial breathing if pulse – CPR no pulse

Question 31

Hypothermia

Answer 31

Cooling of body caused by exposure

Question 32

Hypothermia Symptoms

Answer 32

Symptoms: Pale/unconscious; slow and shallow breathing; pulse faint/undetectable; tissue feels semi-rigid

Question 33

Hypothermia treamtent

Answer 33

Treatment: Bring body temp to normal; wrap in warm blankets

Question 34

Superficial Frostbite

Answer 34

Ice crystals forming in the upper skin layers after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower

Question 35

Deep Frostbite

Answer 35

Ice crystals forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower

Question 36

Deep Frostbite Treatment

Answer 36

Treatment: Victim indoors; re-warm – place them in warm water or with hot water bottles; never rub area; do not allow to thaw if possible to become refrozen