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PDHPE > FIRST AID > Flashcards

FIRST AID Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main priorities when doing first aid?

A
  1. Yourself
  2. Bystanders
  3. The casualty
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2
Q

What does DRSABCD stand for?

A 
D- Danger
R- Response
S- Send for help
A- Airways
B- Breathing (look, listen, feel)
C- CPR (cardio pulmonary resuscitation)
D- Defibrillation
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3
Q

When in the ‘STOP’ regime used?

A

When someone has suspected injuries

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4
Q

What does the STOP regime stand for and describe each stage

A

S- STOP- Stop the patient from moving/participating
T- TALK- Ask them what happened/ what hurts
O- OBSERVE- Observe to see if there is swelling/deformity
P- PREVENT- get help and perform ‘r.i.c.e.r’ for soft tissue injuries

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5
Q

What are the 3 blood vessels that bleeding can come from? Explain what they look like and state the 2 that are life threatening

A

Artery (life threatening) = bright, spurt

Vein (life threatening) = dark, steady

Capillary= ooze out

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6
Q

What are the symptoms and treatment for shock?

A

Paleness, cold & clammy, weak pulse

Treatment= seek help, reassure, raise legs, treat injuries, keep them comfortable

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7
Q

What are the symptoms and treatment of a neck/ spinal injury?

A

Pain, loss of movement, tingling

Treatment= seek help, reassure, no movement, stiff collar/ hold neck

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8
Q

How would you treat a cut/ laceration?

A

Cuts/lacerations= pressure, cleanse, apply dressing, seek medical attention

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9
Q

How would you treat a fracture?

A

Fractures= treat bleeding if bone protrudes, immobilize, observe for shock, seek medical attention

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10
Q

How would you treat a dislocation?

A

Dislocations= support and immobilize, ice, seek medical attention

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11
Q

How would you treat a concussion?

A

Concussion= support head, lay down, seek medical attention

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12
Q

How would you treat an eye injury?

A

Eye injury= no rubbing/removing objects, cover both eyes, seek medical attention

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13
Q

How would you treat a nasal injury?

A

Nasal injury= instruct to breathe through mouth, if nose is bleeding then lean forward and apply pressure to soft part of nose.

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14
Q

How would you treat a burn

A

remove casualty from the danger, cold running water, don’t put on any dressings, seek medical attention

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15
Q

How would you treat electrocution?

A

Electrocution= ensure power source is off, cool burnt areas, monitor for shock, seek medical attention

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16
Q

How would you treat a chest injury?

A

Chest injury= place in comfortable position, pad area, encourage shallow breathing, seek medical attention

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17
Q

How would you treat an abdominal injury?

A

Abdominal injury= lie patient on back, seek medical attention

18
Q

what are the 3 types of slings and what is each used for?

A

Arm sling= forearm

Elevation sling= collarbone, shoulder

Collar and cuff sling= humorous

19
Q

How would you treat a heart attack?

A

Heart Attack= reassure, make comfortable, loosen clothing, monitor, seek medical attention

20
Q

How would you treat a stroke

A

Stroke= reassure, make comfortable, monitor, seek medical attention

21
Q

How would you treat an individual having an epileptic fit?

A

Epilepsy= remove surrounding objects, do not try to restrain, pillow under head, once over place in recovery position, keep airways open, seek medical attention

22
Q

How would you treat someone having an asthma attack

A

Asthma= reassure, upright position, administer ‘inhaler’, encourage controlled breathing, seek medical attention if they do not improve

23
Q

How would you treat someone who is having an anaphylaxis reaction?

A

Anaphylaxes= Epi-pen, seek medical attention

24
Q

How would you treat someone who has swallowed corrosive substances?

A

Corrosive (acids)= give milk/water, seek medical attention

25
Q

How would you treat someone who has poisoning from medicinal drugs

A

Medicinal/general= induce vomiting, seek medical attention

26
Q

What is hypoglycaemia?

What are the symptoms and how would you treat it?

A

LOW BLOOD SUGAR

  • shaking, sweating, confusion, dizzy
  • encourage them to eat sugary foods, seek medical attention
27
Q

What is hyperglycaemia?

What are the symptoms and how would you treat it?

A

HIGH BLOOD SUGAR

  • thirst, headache, blurred vision
  • Allow self-administration of insulin, seek medical attention
28
Q

How would you treat a snake bite?

A

calm, immobilisation bandage, mark spot, seek medical attention

29
Q

How would you treat a red back spider bite?

A

ice, seek medical attention

30
Q

How would you treat a funnel Webb spider bite?

A

pressure bandage, seek medical attention

31
Q

What is the difference between heat exhaustion and heat stroke?

A

Heat exhaustion is dehydration. It is not life threatening

Heat stroke is extreme dehydration and is life threatening

32
Q

What is the treatment of heat exhaustion?

A

rest in shade, give water, cool them down, seek medical attention if you are worried they may have heat stroke

33
Q

What is the treatment of heat stroke?

A

rest in shade, give water, cool them down, seek medical attention

34
Q

What is the treatment of hypothermia?

A

Hypothermia (extreme cold)= protect from cold, remove wet clothes, cover with blankets, warm drinks, seek medical attention

35
Q

What 4 things must be considered when administering first aid

A
  1. The physical environment
  2. Infection control
  3. Legal obligations
  4. Moral obligations
36
Q

What needs to be considered and done in a traffic environment where there is a first aid situation

A
  • Oncoming traffic: have people up the road warning people and slowing people down
  • Fire: turn the ignition of both collided cars off
  • Fallen electrical wires: call energy Australia and inform them of the accident
37
Q

What needs to be considered and done in a water environment where there is a first aid situation

A
  • Rescuers swimming ability. If they can’t swim, make use of ropes and flotation devices to throw out into the water
  • the potential for hazardous objects to be submerged in the water
  • dangerous rips and currents
  • water temperature
38
Q

How can you ensure infection control in a first aid situation?

A
  • wear gloves
  • use a face mask for CPR
  • cover open wounds
  • wash hands after
39
Q

What legal obligations need to be considered when administering first aid?

A

You must receive consent from the casualty. For a child consent must be received from the parent/carer. For an unconscious individual, consent is assumed

40
Q

What moral obligations need to be considered when administering first aid?

A

It would be considered a responsible action to help people involved in an accident. It would be irresponsible not to help people unable to help themselves.

41
Q

What 2 things need to follow a first aid situation? Explain each.

A

Debriefing- Debriefing after a situation ensures all details and perspectives are taken into account so a full picture can be gathered

Counselling- Rescuers involved in emergency procedures where there were fatalities and serious injuries (for example, spinal injuries or amputations) may need counseling.

PDHPE (4 decks)

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