First Aid Flashcards
Objectives of first aid
Prevent further injury, infection, save lives
Two types of fractures
Open/compound: broken skin
Closed/simple: no broken skin
How many classes of burns
3
First degree
Redness, warm skin, mild pain
Second degree
Red blistered skin, severe pain
Third degree
Destroys tissue, skin and bone
CPR
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Breathe to compression raitio
30:2
Depth of compression
2 inches
Method of giving breaths
Head tilt chin lift
Compression rate
100 beats per minute
What do you use for choking
Heimlich maneuver
4 ways to control bleeding
Direct pressure, elevation, pressure points and tourniquet
Where are the pressure points
Temple, jaw, neck, collar bone, inner upper arm, inner elbow, wrist, upper thigh, groin, knee and ankle
Cold weather injuries
Hypothermia, superficial frostbite, deep frostbite
Heat exhaustion
Disturbance of blood flow to the brain
Heat stroke
Breakdown of the sweat mechanism
Shock
Insufficient blood flow throughout the body
Septic shock
Bacteria in the blood
Anaphylactic shock
Allergic reaction
Cardiogenic shock
Damaged heart, cannot supply sufficient blood to the body
Hypovolemic shock
Severe blood/fluid loss
Neurogenic shock
Spinal cord injury
Steps for CPR
Circulation/Airway/Breathing
Survival chain
Recognition/activation of CPR, chest compressions, aed/defibrillator, rapid defribrillation, emt/ambulance, post cardiac care
