FIRST AID

Question 1

What are the three objectives of first aide?

Answer 1

1. Maintain breathing - 2. Stop bleeding - 3. Prevent or treat for shock.

Question 2

What are the 11 basic wounds and protocols for each?

Answer 2

a. Fractures, Open and Closed
b. Sucking Chest Wound
c.
Abdominal Evisceration
d. Massive Hemorrhage with Amputation
e. Laceration
f.
Electrical Shock
g. Smoke
Inhalation
h. Burns-
Rule of Nines
i.
Hypothermia
j.
Heat Stress
k. Puncture Wound

Question 3

Explain the 3 degrees and the rule of 9’s.

Answer 3

1st degree: Red skin, mild pain.
2nd degree: Red skin, blisters, sever pain.
3rd degree: Charred black skin/tissue, may or may not be painful due to nerve damage

Question 4

4. State the three methods of controlling bleeding.

Answer 4

Direct pressure - 2. Pressure points - 3. Tourniquet (Last resort)

Question 5

5. Describe the basic treatment for a suicide gesture or attempt.

Answer 5

Do not leave the patient alone. treat any self-inflicted wounds
appropriately. Get the help of a trained professional.

Question 6

Describe the symptoms and first aid treatment for a joint dislocation.

Answer 6

Bone is forcibly displaced from joint. Caused by falls or blows or violent muscular exertion.
- Loosen clothing
- Treat the victim for shock.
- Get victim comfortable
- Get medical help as soon as possible
- Support the injured part by means of
a sling, pillows, bandages, splints.

Question 7

Explain when and why a cold pack or heat pad would be used on a sprain.

Answer 7

Cold Pack on sprain for the first 24-48 hours to reduce swelling and internal hemorrhage.
After (24-48hrs) moist heat can be applied for short periods (15-30mins) to promote healing and reduce swelling

Question 8

Explain the five steps of CPR.

Answer 8

1) Check for responsiveness, if no, call 911.
2) Check if the patient is breathing for 5-10sec., if no, CPR.
3) CPR
a.
Remove victims clothing.
b. Interlock your hands and place heal of bottom hand on lower half of breastbone.
c.
Deliver first set of 30 compressions at last 2” deep.
d. Give 2 breath using mask or barrier device.
e.
Complete 5 cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths
4) If breathing lay patient on their side to keep airway, clear.
5) Check for other injuries and keep warm, calm and reassured.