First 5 practical notes from Agostans group Flashcards
What component is H-antigen?
Flagella
What component is O-antigen?
The outermost repeating polysaccharide portion of LPS
What is Lipid A?
The lipid membrane lipid component of LPS, two monosaccharides (glucoasamine) attached to a total of 6 lipid chains.
Types of flagella
Monotrichous, one
Lofotricous, mulitple flagella coming from the same side
Amphitricous, a bipolar flagella, one on each side
Lofamphitricous, multiple bipolar flagella, many on each pole
Peritrichous, muliti flagella, oriented all over the cell.
Endoflagella, flagella located in the cytoplasm or in the periplasm as in Spirochaetes
What is F-antigen?
The Fimbriae or pili
Can be: Sex pili, Common pili, Adhesive pili
What is K-antigen?
The capsule
Describe the bacteria shapes: Coccus Diplococcus Streptococcus Tetragenus Sarcinella V, W, Y shape (what bacteria has this) Bacillus
Coccus: small circle Diplococcus: pairs Streptococcus: small chains Staphylococcus: Clusters (grapes) Tetragenus: 4, divides in two planes Sarcinella or or staphylococcus: Divides in 3 planes V, W, Y shape, Cornebacterium Bacillus rods
omg just look at the wikipedia image for bacterial morphologies.
What is the size range of bacteria?
Spirochaetes 4-30 uM
Rickettsia 0.5 uM
Cocci are ~ 1uM
Bacilli are 5-`0uM
What are Autotrophs and Heterotrophs and Paratrophs
Autotrophs synthesize energy from inorganic compounds. Are NOT pathogens. photoautotrophs or chemoautotrophs
Geterotrophs require organic carbon for growth, and MAY be pathogens.
Paratrophs. Heterotrophs that can only multiply inside another living cell.
What class of bacteria uses: 1) Fermentation 2) Respiration 3) Photosynthesis
(areobic or anaerobic)
Fermentation - anaerobes
Respiration -Aerobes
Photosynthesis, both
Which class has catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase? (anaerobes or aerobes?)
Obligate Aerobic bacteria have catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase.
So do Facultative Aerobes.
Obligate Anaerobes specifically lack catalase enzyme, thus can’t tolerate H2O2, thus can’t tolerate oxidative metabolism.
What is selective media vs. differential media
Selective media: kills bacteria not expressing the selective gene
Differential media: allows any bacteria to grow, but will cause a color change or some other differential marker to identify which kind is which. Ie, colored beta-galactosidease staining gel.
What is transport media vs transport culture
Cant grow at all in transport media, only survive for ~48hrs
can grow slowly in transport culture
What is an Antiseptic
What is a Disinfectant
An antiseptic is for use on hands, skin, etc.
Disinfectants are too harsh to use on the body and afor surfaces and instruments.
Steriliation methods
Flames
Dry heat
Moist heat
Gamma rays
Ultraviolet irradiation
Ethylene oxide - effective but high absorption and is toxic
Filtration
Plasma H2O2 in a high electric feild generates plasma and free radicals
Pasteurization
Bleach, other chemical agents bleach is an effective sporicide
