(FINISHED) Rhetorical Devices Flashcards
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A noun next to another noun - Henry Jameson, the boss of the operation… the notorious feast, the picnic
Appositive
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A particular form of understatement generated by denying the opposite or contrary of the word which otherwise would be used - heatwaves are not rare in summer
Litotes
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A short, informal reference to a famous person or event
Allusion
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A reverse parallelism - where the second part of the sentence is balanced to the first part, but in reverse - so instead of unwillingly learned, the phrase would be learned unwillingly
Chiasmus
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A single word or short phrase used to lend emphasis to the words immediately proximate to the adverb
Sentential Adverb
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a type of metaphor which makes one part represent the whole
Synecdoche
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An extravagant implied metaphor using words in an alien way - I will speak daggers to her
Catechresis
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An explicit reference to a particular meaning or to the various meanings of a word: “To make methanol for twenty-five cents a gallon is impossible; by “impossible” I mean currently beyond our technological capabilities.”
Distinctio
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Arranging words, clauses or sentences in the order of increasing importance
Climax
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Attributes a skill to a person or event - is he smart? He’s an Einstein
Eponym
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another form of metaphor, very similar to synecdoche - the orders came direct from the white house
Metonymy
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Anticipating an objection and answering it within the same sentence
Procatalepsis
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Citing an example, using an illustrative story, either true or fictitious
Exemplum
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Combing anaphora and epistrophe
Symploce
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Compares two things by speaking of one in terms of another
Metaphor
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Compares two things which are alike in several respects for the purpose of clarification
Analogy
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Consists of a brief statement of what has been said and what will follow - it is basically a transitional summary - STEVENS
metabasis
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consists of omitting conjunctions between words, phrases or clauses. Gives the effect of multiplicity - on his return, he received medals, honours, treasures, titles, fame
Asyndeton
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Consists of raising one or more questions and then proceeding to answer them
Hypophora
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Deliberate exaggeration
Hyperbole
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Detailing parts, causes, effects and consequences to make a point more forcibly
Enumeratio
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Emphasises an idea by expressing it through several synonyms
Scesis Onomaton
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Expresses doubt about an idea or a conclusion
Aporia
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Finishing a sentence with a different grammatical structure to what it began: “And then the deep rumble from the explosion began to shake the very bones of–no one had ever felt anything like it. Be careful with these two devices because improperly used they can–well, I have cautioned you enough.”
Anacoluthon
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Interrupts the discussion or discourse and addresses directly a person or thing
Apostrophe
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Binary opposition
Antithesis
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Asserts something by seemingly ignoring it “We will not bring up the matter of the budget deficit here”
Apophasis
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Involves repeating a word or expression while adding more detail to it, in order to emphasise what may have been passed over
Amplification
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Juxaposed words which are contradictory
Oxymoron
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Mentioning a balancing or opposing fact to prevent the argument from being one sided or unqualified
Dirimens Copulatio
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Metaphorically represents an animal or an inanimate object as having human attributes
Personification
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One word irony, established by context - “Tiny”, the fat man
Antiphrasis
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Placing a good point next to a fault in order to reduce its impact
Antanagoge
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Quoting a wise saying
Sententia
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Repeats the beginning word of a clause or sentence at the end
Epanalepsis
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Forms the counterpart to anaphora, repetition comes at the end of a sentence
Epistrophe
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Repeats the last word of a sentence/ phrase at or very near the beginning of the next sentence. Pleasure might cause her read, reading might make her know,/ Knowledge might pity win, and pity grace obtain . . . . –Philip Sidney
Anadiplosis
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Repetition of a word or phrase after an intervening word or phrase as a method of emphasis
Diacope
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Repetition of one word - South America is lush, lush, lush
Epizeuxis
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Repetition of the same word at the beginning of successive phrases
Anaphora
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Reversing the order of repeated words or phrases to intensify the final formulation. “Ask not what America can do for you, but for what you can do for America”
Antimetabole
