Finance Flashcards

1
Q

In terms of the market, what 3 things may a start up business consider when choosing their location?

A

1) Near competition or complementary stores
2) Where demand is high
3) Near to football or not

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2
Q

In terms of infrastructure, what 3 things may a start up business consider when choosing their location?

A

1) Telecommunication
2) Teleworking
3) Allows for parking spaces if by busy roads

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3
Q

For what 3 reasons do new businesses need finance?

A

1) No existing cash-flow
2) Need to advertise products
3) To cover initial fixed costs

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4
Q

What are two advantages of selling on credit?

A

Customers come back and prices are more appealing.

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5
Q

What are two risks of selling on credit?

A

Customers may pay late and business may have insufficient finance to survive

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6
Q

What are the 5 types of share capital?

A

1) Trade credit (sell in chunks)
2) Debt factoring (buy debt off bank and increase pressure/interest)
3) Leasing and hire back (hire can be kept at end of term)
4) Sale and lease back (sell assets and hire them instead)
5) Government assistance

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7
Q

Who are venture capitals?

A

Those who provide share capital

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8
Q

Give 3 advantages of venture capitals?

A

1) Business can gain their contacts / customers
2) More capital
3) Provide skill and experience

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9
Q

Give 3 disadvantages of venture capitals?

A

1) Can lose control
2) Shares can be sold on to whoever
3) Takeover

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10
Q

What are two advantages of a loan?

A

Can spread the payments and is instant finance

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11
Q

What are two disadvantages of a loan?

A

Relies on your reputation and is payed back with interest

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12
Q

What is the difference between fixed and variable costs?

A

Fixed are always a set amount and do not change depending on the outcome of the business.

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13
Q

What is the difference between direct and indirect costs?

A

Direct arise from sales whilst indirect is general expenses.

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14
Q

How do you calculate the BEP?

A

Via graph or formula

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15
Q

What is the formula for BEP?

A

FC / C

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16
Q

What is break even analysis?

A

BEA is a tool used to forecast the amount of sales needed to cover total costs AKA BEP

17
Q

What are 3 benefits of break even analysis?

A

1) Don’t over or underbuy supplies
2) Identify possible shortfalls in finance
3) Whether or not the idea is actually worth investing

18
Q

What are 3 drawbacks of break even analysis?

A

1) Just a forecast
2) Competition may change
3) Market is dynamic

19
Q

What is the formula for contribution?

A

C = SP - VC

20
Q

What is the difference between contribution per unit and total contribution?

A

Contribution per unit = Money made from 1 item

Total contribution = Contribution per unit x quantity

21
Q

What is the margin safety?

A

Allowed amount of sale deficit before the profit turns into a loss.

22
Q

What is the formula for margin of safety?

A

Output - BEP

23
Q

What are 4 methods of setting a budget?

A

Look at:

1) Objectives
2) Competitor spending
3) Sales
4) Zero budgeting

24
Q

What is variance analysis?

A

A tool used to see if budget is performing correctly

25
Q

What is the formula for variance analysis?

A

Budget - actual spending

26
Q

How are budgets advantageous?

A

Encourages planning and ensures no overspending

27
Q

How are budgets disadvantageous?

A

May cause inflexibility and market is dynamic

28
Q

What is cashflow?

A

The movement of money in a business

29
Q

What is the formula for net cashflow?

A

Inflow - outflow

30
Q

What is the difference between cashflow forecast and cashflow statement?

A

Forecast is the prediction and statement is the logging of actual flow.

31
Q

What is liquidity?

A

Ability to convert an asset into cash without delay or loss

32
Q

What is an income statement?

A

Profit and loss account of a business over a certain period. Shows net profit.

33
Q

What is the formula for net profit?

A

Gross profit - indirect costs

34
Q

What is the formula for net profit margin?

A

(Net profit / sales) x100

35
Q

What is the formula for gross profit margin?

A

(Gross profit / sales) x 100

36
Q

What does ROCE stand for?

A

Return on capital employed

37
Q

What is the formula for ROCE?

A

(Gross profit / capital employed) x 100