FINALS: Session 19-20 Flashcards
it is a political project with a goal to protect the access to resources of a specific group of people in society
Oligarchy
Wild Oligarchs
Uncontrolled oligarchs (they control institutions)
They regulate institutions that is supposed to regulate them
Tamed Oligarches
Oligarchs controlled by specific institutions (church, state, etc.)
Warring Oligarchy
Oligarchs are directly engaged in providing coercion that defends their wealth. Oligarchs that are fighting against each other to protect their wealth
Ruled Oligarchy
The collective rule is institutionalized in a governing body exclusively composed of oligarchs
Sultanistic Oligarchy
Single oligarch exercise rule in a direct and personal fashion. Other oligarchs disarmed to a significant degree either through coercion or cooptation (being bribed or manipulated into changing sides)
Civil Oligarchy
All oligarchs fully disarm, cease to rule directly, and hand over the task of wealth defense to an impersonal bureaucratic state
What is Ferdinand Marcos’ Platform?
- to make the Philippines great again
- during the precolonial period; Marcos claimed that we are already a unified state under the name Maharlika (the goal of dictatorship is to recognize/achieve that again)
- Claimed our era of greatness was in pre-colonial philippines where we were all a united and prospering state
- Goal of the dictatorship is to form a great nation that is pure Filipino, separate from colonialism, where a new society will emerge.
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL)
- song of the Marcos Regime
- same composers of WW2 New Philippines hymn under the Japanese
Cultural Development Sponsored by Marcos
- state-sponsored, new infrastructure dedicated to culture
Manila Film Center
- workers died because they were rushed to have the sponsored infrastructure ready when hollywood stars arrive.
Tadhana by Ferdinand Marcos
- He didn’t actually write it. Other historians wrote it and he just took credit to make himself look like an intellectual
- Marcos wanted to present himself as the natural outcome of history
These developments weren’t really for the betterment of the economy, the goal was to maintain the political capital of Marcoses
Economic Development Sponsored by Marcos
- These developments weren’t really for the betterment of the economy, the goal was to maintain the political capital of Marcoses
LRT 1
- was a white elephant project before it was privatized in recent years
Green Revolution
- Improve agrarian situations in the Philippines to lessen peasantry
- haciendas/land from specific hacienderos to redistribute to landless farmers
- should’ve paid in investment stocks not cash to the haciendaros
PROBLEM
Marcos cannot do this because of patron-client relations (client=cronies) and he had to monopolize patronage
Rice Exportation 1999
- We exported rice at a losing price to other countries
- We kept going just to say na we exported rice
The Goal of Imelda Marcos in Manila
- The goal is to reject what is ugly
- Slums in manila were removed and displaced to keep manila “clean”
- She started infrastructure projects in Manila in the expense of the people
Media Censorship
- The goal of censorship is to develop the mindset of filipinos, to accept pure citizenship
- filipino under new society is a pure citizen that is not influenced by foreign models
-show specific positive filipino traits ex. bomba films = sex scenes in bahay kubo, drama in the countryside
Edifice Complex
- Attach your image to the infrastructure to retain patron-client patronage.
- policy in which goal is not to develop economy, but to attach ur image to patron-client system (political purpose, not economic)
Crony Capitalism
- Cronies will get power in industries but they decided to hide their wealth in other countries.
