Finals reiew Flashcards
Acid mantle
Skin is protective barrier that covers the body,the largest organ of the body that protects body systems from outside elements (bacteria and micro organisms
pH - 4.5-5.5
Antioxidants
Prevent oxidation by neutralizing free radicals
Free radicals are super oxidizers that cause an oxidation reaction and produce a ne where radical in the process
pH
pH - (potential hydrogen) of a substance is its relative degree of acidity or alkalinity and is measured on a scale of 0-14
0-7 acidic
7-14 alkalinic (bases) turns litmus paper from red to blue
pH-10 soap
pH-7 distiller water (neutral)
FDA
Regulates important aspects of cosmetics
Beautifying, promoting attractiveness or altering appearances : rubbed, poured, sprinkled or otherwise applied to the human body
Miscible VS Immiscible
miscible liquids are mutually soluble. Water and alcohol are miscible liquids
Immiscible liquids are not mutually soluble water and oil are Immiscible liquids
Surfactants
Used to emulsify oil and water to create an emulsion
Emulsion - mixtures of two or more Immiscible substances united with aid of an emulsifier
Surfactants have two ends: hydrophilic (water loving) & lipophilic (oil loving)
Oil in water emulsion
Moisturizing and cleansing lotions.
Droplets of oil are dispersed in water surrounded by surfactants with hydrophilic end pointing out and lipophilic end pointing inh
Water in oil
Droplets of water are dispersed in oil.. Examples cleansing creams, suntan lotion, cold creams, massage creams
Suspensions
Uniforms mixtures of two or more substances. Suspensions are not normally transparent and may be colored. They tend to separate over time
Phototherapy
Use of the plant extracts for therapeutic benefits: barks roots stem seeds and lowers used to make oils and essences
Oxidation reaction
Also known as REDOX – chemical reactions where oxidizing agent is reduced and the
Reducing agent is oxidized
Alkaline
Another name for alkaline is BASE
Chemical reaction important to Esthetician
Acid alkaline neutralization reaction- when an acid and a base are mixed in equal proportions to neutralize each other forming water & salt
Oxidation reduction- chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduces and the reducing agent is oxidized
Atoms
Smallest part of an element
Moleculesh
Molecules formed by joining two or more atoms chemically.
Physical change
Change in the form or physical properties of a substance without the formation of a new substance
USDA My Plate
Recommended guideline for food groups that individuals should consume daily and can be personalized according to needs
B-vitamins
Biotin : energy formation by cella as well as synthesis of both proteins and fatty acids
Pyridoxine: metabolism of proteins, by breaking down and reconstructing amino acids as needed by body - present in soybean, fish, walnuts, banana, prunes helps with OMD
Vitamin c
Ascorbic acid - antioxidant that helps protect the body from many forms of oxidation and problems with free radicals
Helps prevent capillary damage
It is important in fighting age process
Vitamins A D E K
Normally are present in fats in foods. The body stores them in the liver and in adipose tissue
Vitamin A- retinol -stimulate collagen
Vitamin D-sunshine -skin synthesizes vitamin D from cholesterol
Vitamin E- tocopherol -antioxidant
Vitamin K- synthesis of proteins necessary for blood coagulation
Glucose
The most important carbohydrate because it provides majority of energy to body. It is stored in liver, and muscles as glycogen or animal starch
Enzymes
Breakdown complex molecules into smaller molecules to be synthesized by body. Made up of catalyst of proteins and vitamins
Amino acids
11 of the 20 common amino acids can be synthesized by the body.
They are called nonessential amino acids because they don’t have to be in our diet
