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4th Year PRELIMS > Finals Critical Care Part 1 > Flashcards

Finals Critical Care Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What is the mechanism of injury (MOI)?
A

The method by which a person is injured.

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2
Q
  1. What branch of mechanics is helpful in understanding trauma?
A

Kinetics.

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3
Q
  1. What is the most significant factor in determining the amount of kinetic energy?
A

Velocity.

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4
Q
  1. What does the law of inertia state?
A

A body at rest remains at rest, and a body in motion remains in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

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5
Q
  1. What are the three types of impacts in a vehicle collision?
A

Vehicle collision, body collision, and organ collision.

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6
Q
  1. What does a deformed steering wheel indicate in a collision?
A

Possible chest or abdominal injury.

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7
Q
  1. What is “Paper Bag Syndrome”?
A

Chest compression against the steering column causing lung damage.

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8
Q
  1. What injuries are common in a down-and-under pathway?
A

Injuries to knees, femurs, hips, acetabulum, and spine.

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9
Q
  1. What injury is reduced by a properly adjusted headrest in a rear-end collision?
A

Neck injury.

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10
Q
  1. What is a frequent outcome in rollover crashes for unrestrained occupants?
A

Multisystem trauma.

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11
Q
  1. What injuries are common in vehicle-pedestrian collisions?
A

Head, chest, abdomen, and extremities injuries depending on speed and impact points.

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12
Q
  1. What is the benefit of seat belts in collisions?
A

They reduce the risk of severe injury, though they can cause specific hidden injuries.

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13
Q
  1. How do motorcycle collisions typically result in injury?
A

Through impacts such as head-on collisions or angular impacts.

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14
Q
  1. What factors determine the severity of falls?
A

Distance, surface, and the body part that impacts first.

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15
Q
  1. What defines a severe fall in adults?
A

A fall of greater than 20 feet.

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16
Q
  1. What are the two main classifications of trauma?
A

Blunt trauma and penetrating trauma.

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17
Q
  1. What factors influence damage caused by gunshot wounds?
A

Trajectory, energy dissipation, and velocity.

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18
Q
  1. What is the primary injury in blast injuries?
A

Pressure wave injury.

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19
Q
  1. What is the “Golden Period” in trauma care?
A

The critical time to provide intervention for the best chance of survival.

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20
Q
  1. What is the “Platinum 10 Minutes” guideline?
A

Limit on-scene time to 10 minutes for severely injured patients.

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21
Q
  1. What is the purpose of a trauma system?
A

To provide immediate surgical intervention for critically injured patients.

22
Q
  1. What is a Level 1 trauma center?
A

A regional center with the highest capabilities for trauma care.

23
Q
  1. What is START triage?
A

A rapid system to categorize patients during mass-casualty incidents.

24
Q
  1. What are the four categories of START triage?
A

Immediate (red), Delayed (yellow), Minimal (green), and Dead (black).

25
Q
  1. What does the mnemonic “30-2-can do” represent in START triage?
A

Respiratory rate >30, capillary refill <2 seconds, and the ability to follow commands.

26
Q
  1. What is the main focus of prehospital trauma care?
A

Personal safety, airway management, bleeding control, and rapid transport.

27
Q
  1. What are the common injuries in frontal impacts?
A

Head, chest, abdominal, and lower extremity injuries.

28
Q
  1. How does kinetic energy change during impact?
A

It transfers to other forms, causing damage.

29
Q
  1. What is multisystem trauma?
A

Injuries involving multiple body systems with high morbidity and mortality.

30
Q
  1. What are secondary injuries in blast trauma?
A

Injuries caused by projectiles and debris.

31
Q
  1. What are tertiary injuries in blast trauma?
A

Injuries from being propelled by blast wind.

32
Q
  1. What are quaternary injuries in blast trauma?
A

Injuries from exposure to hazardous materials or structural collapse.

33
Q
  1. What is the purpose of rapid transport in trauma care?
A

To ensure timely surgical and critical care.

34
Q
  1. What is the first step in START triage?
A

Direct ambulatory patients to a safe area.

35
Q
  1. Why are helmet laws critical for motorcycle riders?
A

They significantly reduce head injuries.

36
Q
  1. What injuries occur from improperly worn lap belts?
A

Abdominal and chest injuries.

37
Q
  1. What is cavitation in gunshot trauma?
A

The path of energy causing a larger wound than the bullet itself.

38
Q
  1. What does a cracked windshield indicate?
A

Possible head or chest impact.

39
Q
  1. Why is energy dissipation important in assessing trauma?
A

It determines the extent of tissue damage.

40
Q
  1. What injuries occur from falls landing feet-first?
A

Spinal, lower extremity, and internal organ injuries.

41
Q
  1. What injuries occur from falls landing head-first?
A

Head, neck, chest, and upper extremity injuries.

42
Q
  1. What are the risks in unrestrained rollover crash occupants?
A

Unpredictable injury patterns and multisystem trauma.

43
Q
  1. Why is airway management a priority in trauma care?
A

To ensure oxygenation and ventilation.

44
Q
  1. What is the role of telemetry data in vehicle collisions?
A

To assess the risk of injury.

45
Q
  1. What does the “walking wounded” category indicate?
A

Patients with minor injuries who can wait for treatment.

46
Q
  1. What are signs of significant blood loss?
A

Hypotension, tachycardia, and altered mental status.

47
Q
  1. What are common injuries in lateral impacts?
A

Head, chest, pelvis, and femur injuries.

48
Q
  1. How do airbags reduce injury?
A

By absorbing impact forces during collisions.

49
Q
  1. What is the importance of assessing MOI?
A

To predict potential injuries for targeted care.

50
Q
  1. What is the goal of trauma triage criteria?
A

To prioritize transport to appropriate trauma centers.

4th Year PRELIMS (9 decks)

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