Finals Flashcards
are not passed from person to person
long duration and generally slow progression
NCD
other names of NCD
chronic disease
4 main types of NCD
cardiovascular disease
cancer
chronic respiratory disease
diabetes
Who is at risk fo chronic diseases
all age groups
all regions affected
older age groups
percent of people at risk in low and middle income countries
82%
Top 5 important risk facctors for NCSs in the top ten leading risks to helath by WHO World Health Report 2002
raised blood pressure raised cholesterol tobacco use alcohol consumption overweight
Risk Factors of Cardiovascular disease, Diabetes and Cancer
tobacco use
unhealthy diets
Physical inactivity
Harmful use of alcohol
Risk Factor of Chronic Respiratory disease
Tobacco Use
Metabolic Risk Factors of NCD
raised blood pressure
obesity
hyperglycemia
hyperlipidemia
non-communicable disease that affects all ages
Cancer
3 Most common cancers among women
breast
lung
colorectal
hree most common cancers among men
prostate
lung
colorectal
Top of the list cancer deaths in men and women
Lung cancer
cancer that develops from breast cells
breast cancer
Symptoms of breast cancer
lump skin dimpling change in skin color or texture change in how nipple looks clear or bloody flued that leaks out of the nipple
Causes of Breast Cancer
getting older history of breask cancer obesity height alcohol consumption
Breast cancer treatment options
Radiation therapy Biological therapy Hormone therapy Chemotherapy Surgery
person has high blood glucose, another because insulin production is inadequate, body cells are not responding properly to insulin
diabetes
dvelops when immune system destroys insulin producing cells
Type 1 diabetes
cells resist the insulin and cause an increase of glucose in blood
Type 2 diabetes
Main symptoms of diabetes
Lethargy weight loss Smell of acetone Vomiting Abdominal Pain
Treatment for Type 1 diabetes
regular insulin injections
special diet
exercise
Treatment for Type 2 diabetes
tablets
exercise
special diet
sometimes insulin injections
an NCD diagnosed when the systolic reading is consistently higher than 140 or diastolic reading registers higher than 90
Hypertension
causes of hypertension
excessive salt intake smoking diabetes obesity kidney disease
Treatment for Hypertension
salt restriction moderation of alcohol consumption High consumption of vegetables and fruits and low fat Reducing weight and maintaining it Regular physical exercise
is a NCD resulting from low bone mass
Osteoporosis
risk factors of osteoporosis
low sex hormone levels
inactivity
smoking
rheumatoid arthritis
leading cause of dementia among people over age of 60
Alzheimer’s
Symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease
satisfied of dementia:
Worsened ability to take in and remember new information
Impairments to reasoning, complex tasking, exercising
Impaired visuospatial abilities
Impaired speaking, reading and writing
cancer of the blood or bone marrow where there is an abnormal production of leukocytes
Leukemia
Symptoms of Leukemia
blood clotting is poor Affected immune system Anemia nausea fever chills chills night sweats tiredness
causes of leukemia
HTLV-1 (Human T-lymphotropic virus)
Down syndrome
Genetic predisposition
occur because of a sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain
seizure or epilepsy
Three types of seizyres
Idiopathic
Cryptogenic
Symptomatic
there is no apparent cause
Idiopathic
the doctor thinks there is most probably a cause, but cannot pinpoint it
cryptogenic
the doctor knows what the cause is
symptomatic
symptoms of epilepsy
convulsion with no fever blackout stiff fall dazed repetitive movements
