Communicable Diseases Flashcards
Liver infection caused by HAV
Hepatitis A
Transmission of hepa a
Fecal oral route
Close physical contact
Incubation period hepa a
14-28 days
S/s of hepa a
Jaundice Dark colored urine Fever Malaise Loss of appetite Diarrhea Nausea Abdominal discomfort
Treatment of hepa a
No specific treatment
Prevention of HAV
HAV immunization
Safe drinking water
Proper sewage disposal
Regular hand washing
Caused by HEV
Hepa e
Transmission of hepa e
Fecal oral route
Foodborne
Blood transfusion
Pregnant woman to fetus
Incubation period hepa e
3-8 weeks
S/s hepa e
Jaundice Anorexia Hepatomegaly Abdominal pain Nausea and vomiting Fever
Treatment hepa e
No treatment
Prevention hepa e
Hygienic practices
Avoid drinking water of unknown purity
Vaccine - 2011 china
Disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Other body parts attacked by tuberculosis
Lungs
Kidney
Spine
Brain
Transmission of tuberculosis
Airborne
Cough, sneeze
Incubation period of tuberculosis
2-12 weeks
S/s tuberculosis
Poor appetite Night sweats Weakness Fever Weight loss Gastrointestinal symptoms
Treatment TB
6-9 months drugs
Isoniazid
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Pyrazinamide
Prevention TB
Screening
Early treatment
Bacillus calmerre guerin
Disease caused by mosquito borne JEV
Japanese encephalitis
Transmission of JEV
Bites from infected culex tritaebiorhynchus
Warm and rainy season
Incubation period JEV
5-15 days
S/s JEV
fever and headache Neck stiffness Disorientation Coma Seizures Paralysis Seizures Inability to speak
Treatment JEV
Treatment is supportive to relieve symptoms
Prevention JEV
JE vaccination
Acoid mosquito bites
SA 14-14-2 vaccine
Repellents, long sleeve
Caused by bacteria of genus leptospira
Leptospirosis
Transmission leptospirosis
Urine of infected animals
Enter skin
Skin is cut
Incubation period leptospirosis
5-14 days
S/s leptospirosis
High fever Headache Chills Muscle aches Vomiting
Treatment leptospirosis
Antibiotics
Prevention leptospirosis
Covering skin lesions
Washing wounds
Hygienic measures
Preventable viral disease of mammals most often transmitted through bite of rabid animal
Rabies
Transmission rabies
Deep bite or scratch by infected animal
Saliva of animal
Incubation period rabies
1-3 months
S/s rabies
Initial- fever and paraesthesia
Progressive- inflammation of brain and spinal cord
Furious- hyperactivity, hydrophobia
Paralytic- muscle paralysis
Treatment rabies
Post exposure prophylaxis
Treat wound
Prevention rabies
Dog vaccination
Immunization
Mosquito borne tropical disease caused by dengue virus
Dengue
Transmission
Female aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus
Incubation period dengue
4-10 days
S/s dengue fever
Febrile: fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, rash
Critical: hypotension, pleural effusion, ascites,
Recovery: seizures, itching
Treatment dengue
No specific treatment
Prevention dengue
Prevent laying eggs
Dispose waste properly
Emptying water storage
Applying insecticides
Is an acute illness associated with fever caused by salmonella typhi bacteria
Typhoid fever
Transmission typhoid
Drinking or eating contaminated food and water
Incubation period typhoid fever
1-2 weeks
S/s typhoid
Poor appetite Headache Fever as high as 104 degrees F Lethargy Diarrhea
Treatment typhoid
Antibiotics
Mosquito borne infectious disease of humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans belonging to plasmodium type
Malaria
Plasmodium type
Falciparum
Malariae
Vivax
Ovale
Transmission malaria
Bites of female anopheles mosquito
Incubation falciparum
9-14 days
Incubation vivax and ovale
12-18 days
Incubation period malariae
18-40 days
Treatment malaria
ACT
Chloroquine
Quinine
Quinidine
S/s malaria
Headache Fever Chills Sweating Fatigue Pain Dry cough
Prevention dengue
Mosquito nets
Indoor spraying
Most advanced stage of HIV infection
AIDS
Transmission HIV
Body fluids Kissing Hugging Shaking hands Personal objects
Incubation period HIV
2-3 weeks,months,years
S/s aids
Tumors Encephalitis Retinitis Meningitis Tuberculosis Pneumonia
Treatment AIDS
ART and ARV
Prevention HIV
Condom use Testing and counselling Male circumcision ART EMTCT
Aka infectious
Contagious
Transmissible diseases
Communicable diseases
