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Physics 2 > Finals > Flashcards

Finals Flashcards

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1
Q

The production of x-ray photons by the sudden deceleration of high-speed electrons is termed:

A

Bremsstrahlung

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2
Q

The automatic exposure device that is located immediately under the x-ray table is the

A

Ionization chamber

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3
Q

Which of the following may be sued to express exposure in air?
1. Air kerma
2. Gy
3.Sv
4. RBE

A

Air kerma

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4
Q

A PA skull will reduce the dose to the

A

Eyes

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5
Q

If 300 mA has been selected for a particular exposure, what exposure time would be required to produce 6 mAs?

A

20 ms

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6
Q

Types of gonadal shielding include which of the following?
1. Flat Contact
2. Shaped contrast (contour)
3. Shadow

A

1,2, and 3

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7
Q

For radiographic examinations of the chest, it is generally preferred that the chest be examined in the PA projection to decrease dose to

A

Breast

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8
Q

Which of the following would be useful for an examination of a patient suffering from Parkinson’s disease?
1. Short exposure time
2. Decreases SID
3. Compensating filtration

A

1 only

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9
Q

Which of the following contributes most to the patient dose?
1. Photoelectric effect
2. Compton scatter
3. Classic scatter
4. Thompson scatter

A

1

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10
Q

The primary function of filtration is to reduce

A

Patient skin dose

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11
Q

How many tube target interactions are there in x-ray production?

A

2

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12
Q

The occupational dose to radiographers is measured in

A

Sv

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13
Q

Lead aprons are worn during fluoroscopy to protect the radiographer from exposure to radiation from

A

Compton scatter

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14
Q

For radiographic examinations of the skull, it is generally preferred that the skull be examined in the

A

PA projection

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15
Q

The type of radiation monitoring device that uses aluminum oxide as the detection material is

A

OSL

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16
Q

How is the ESE affected as the source-to-skin-distance (SSD) is increased?

A

ESE Decreases

17
Q

What minimum total amount of filtration (inherent plus added) is required in x-ray equipment operated above 70 kVp?

A

2.5 mm Al equivalent

18
Q

How are wavelength and energy related?

A

Inversely

19
Q

The intensity of the beam has what relationship with distance?

A

Direct

20
Q

Filters used in radiographic x-ray tubes generally are composed of

A

Aluminum

21
Q

With milliamperes (mA) increased to maintain output intensity, how is the ESE affected as the source-to-skin-distance (SSD) is increased?

A

ESE Decreases

22
Q

The exposure received at the skin entrance to a patient’s body is known as

A

Entrance skin exposure (ESE )

23
Q

Aluminum filtration has its greatest effect on

A

Low energy X-ray photons

24
Q

A significant reduction in patient dose can be achieved by

A

Increasing kVp/decreasing mAs

25
Q

Because of the anode heel effect, the intensity of the x-ray beam is greatest at the

A

Cathode end

26
Q

The advantages of beam restriction include which of the following?
1, Less scattered radiation is produced
2. Less biologic material is irradiated
3. Less total filtration will be necessary

A

1 and 2

27
Q

Filtration will _____the ESE.

A

Decrease

28
Q

When mAs is increased, patient dose will

A

Increase

29
Q

If a conscientious radiographer chooses the appropriate exposure/technical factors dose can be reduced by at least

A

50%

30
Q

Some patients, such as infants and children, are unable to maintain the necessary radiographic position without assistance. If mechanical restraining devices cannot be used, who of the following should be the first choice to help immobilize the patient?

A

Patients father

31
Q

The principle factors affecting scatter production are

A

Kv
Subject density

32
Q

The most commonly employed beam restrictor in radiography is the

A

Collimator

33
Q

Which x-ray interaction is scatter produced in?

A

Compton scattering

34
Q

Which x-ray interactions are predominantly seen in the diagnostic x-ray range?

A

Photoelectric absorption
Compton scattering

35
Q

The amount of kV should be selected based on the size of the

A

Part being examined

Physics 2 (6 decks)

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