Final Study Guide Flashcards
1
Q
The three countries of the triple Entente
A
Russia, France, and Britain
2
Q
The three counties of the Central Powers
A
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman empire
3
Q
What were the details of the Schlieffen Plan in WWI
A
was the German military strategy to
Quickly defeat France and then focus on Russia in the east
4
Q
Although the Allies won the War, what country did not enjoy the benefits because it surrendered to Germany almost a year before Germany was defeated?
A
Russia
5
Q
The spark that started the War occurred when the future leader of what region was assassinated?
A
Austria-Hungary
6
Q
On which front did the Germans battle the French?
A
western
7
Q
the estimated human costs on the WWI battlefields according to your book
A
8.5 million dead soldiers, 21 million wounded
8
Q
What treaty between the Allied powers and Germany was signed exactly 5 years after the assassination of Francis Ferdinand?
A
Treaty of Versailles
9
Q
What was the final straw that brought the U.S. into WWI against Germany? What was the name of the message from Germany to Mexico?
A
Zimmerman telegram promising that Germany will help Mexico recover the Texas land they lost
10
Q
The Boom refers to the decade of the
A
1920s
11
Q
The Bust refers to the decade of the
A
1930s
12
Q
The War that followed the Bust is
A
WWII
13
Q
80 percent of Americans in 1929 have no ________ at all.
A
savings
14
Q
A major cause of the Great Depression was the ___ artificially manipulating interest rates.
A
FED
15
Q
The AAA (a New Deal Agency) had __________ pigs slaughtered and burned at a time when many Americans were hungry and out of work.
A
6 million
16
Q
What comes the closest to the highest rate of unemployment during the Great Depression?
A
25%;1 in 4 people
17
Q
states that were directly affected by the “Dust Bowl” that hit the Great Plains
A
Texas
Oklahoma
Colorado
Kansas
18
Q
What were “Hoovervilles”?
A
shanty towns built by unemployed Americans during the Great Depression. Mostly made of cardboard
19
Q
What was the Bonus Army?
A
veterans who wanted immediate pay for their military service during the great depression
20
Q
During the mid-to-late 1920s (even before the Great Depression Started), how were farmers affected by the low prices of wheat?
A
wheat prices decreased over 50% due to customer demand, and farmers suffered from low income due to price demands.
21
Q
What is “Buying on margin”?
A
Investing with loans
22
Q
What is Social Security”?
A
Most popular New Deal Program that still exists today. Old age pension
23
Q
Name the 2 the presidents during the Great Depression
A
Herbert Hoover and FDR
24
Q
What is a Flapper?
A
young western women who had bobbed hair and worse skirts, danced a lot to jazz music
25
“The chief business of the American people is __________." (who said it?)
business, Calvin Coolidge
26
This section featured information about the New Deal
Great Depression parts 1 & 2
27
This section focused on Communism and its spread to the USA
Red Scare
28
This section was about the first Transatlantic flight
Lucky Lindy
29
This section described and incident where science came into conflict with religious belief
Monkey Trial
30
This section featured information about Louis Armstrong
All that Jazz
31
these countries were ruled by fascist dictators by the end of the 1930s.
Spain
Italy
Germany
32
The earliest incident leading up to WWII in Asia was Japan invading _________ in 1931. It is a region of China.
Manchuria
33
These two world leaders signed a nonaggression pact one week before the invasion of Poland that started WWII. (Also, they secretly divided Poland among themselves)
Stalin and Hitler
34
the 3 following factors that kept countries from challenging the expanding Axis empires
A global depression
Memories of WWI
The belief in isolationism
35
What happened at the Munich Conference of 1938? Did Hitler keep his promise?
The leaders of Britain, France, and Italy agreed to the German annexation of the Sudetenland in exchange for a pledge of peace from Hitler. Hitler did not keep his promise of peace when he later occupied the rest of czechoslovakia.
36
the 3 major Axis Powers in WWII
Germany, Italy, and Japan
37
why the Maginot Line failed and what it was
It was an array of defenses that France built along its border with Germany in the 1930s, designed to prevent an invasion. It failed because it was not mobile and it assumed that the Ardennes (rough terrain) was impenetrable.
38
D-Day refers to who invades whom?
The allies invading Normandy, which was occupied by Germany
39
What was the German war strategy used in WWII to overwhelm the enemy?
Blitzkrieg
40
What battle is considered the major turning point in the war against Japan in the Pacific
Battle of Midway, Allied victory
41
Around how many Jews were put to death as a result of Hitler’s Final Solution?
6 million
42
What Battle was Hitler’s last major offensive in Europe? Was it successful?
The battle of the bulge, not successful, as the allies won.
43
the following 3 blunders of Adolf Hitler during WWII
Declaring war on the USA
Invasion of Russia
Putting so many resources into the extermination of the Jews
44
Which country saw the largest number of Jews killed in the Holocaust?
Poland
45
At which location did Operation Overlord meet the most resistance by the Germans? What was the codename of the beach? (hint: over 2,000 Americans were killed here)
Omaha beach
46
the following Japanese cities that were sites of atomic explosions.
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
47
What country saw the most casualties during WWII? (both civilian and in terms of soldiers)
Russia/Soviet Union
48
What organization was created after WWII (1945) to prevent another war from starting? It included both the USA and the USSR
The United Nations
49
What battle cost the USSR over one million soldiers and it put the Germans on the defensive on the Russian front?
Battle of Stalingrad
50
place the following 5 occasions in order 1-5
Hitler is allowed to take the Rhineland. -
Hitler is allowed to take all of Czechoslovakia. -
The Anschluss is allowed to occur (the uniting of Austria with Germany). -
Hitler is allowed to take the Sudetenland. -
Hitler announces that he will no longer follow the Treaty of Versailles. -
treaty of versailles, rhineland, germany and austria, sudetenland, czechoslovakia
51
Karl Marx-most famous for what?
Writing the Communist Manifesto
52
Vladimir Lenin
first leader of the USSR
53
Joseph Stalin
most infamous leader of the USSR
54
Totalitarianism vs. Communism (Which is political? Which is economic? What is the connection between the two?
Both philosophies that take some sort of control of citizens' lives. Totalitarianism is a political philosophy, and communism is an economic philosophy.
55
What was the Iron Curtain?
An “imaginary” barrier placed after WWII that concealed the Soviet Union and others from non communist countries to prevent open contact with the West
56
Truman Doctrine/Containment
$400mil program of assistance organized by Truman to stop the spread of communism to other countries. The start of the Cold War. Succeeded in Korea and failed in Vietnam.
57
The Marshall Plan
billions of dollars in aid given to 16 nations after WWII
58
Mao Zedong
leader of communist china and won the civil war
59
Chiang Kai-shek
leader of nationalists who lost the civil war and was relocated with his people to Taiwan
60
Joe McCarthy and McCarthyism
US senator who accused people of being spies or communists. Mccarthyism is his philosophy to constantly accuse people of doing things they are not doing.
61
Edward R. Murrow
reporter who publicly humiliated McCarthy on live tv.
Ike (know when he served as president)
62
When did Dwight D. Eisenhower serve
1953-1961
63
“military-industrial complex”
famously said by Dwight D Eisenhower and it's the relations between weapon makers and government.
64
Nikita Khrushchev
1953-1964 Soviet leader who supplied cuba with missiles
65
Fidel Castro
1959-1976 Cuban prime minister whose connections caused the Cuban missile crisis
66
“Bay of Pigs Invasion”? Was it successful?
An attempt by Kennedy to overthrow Castro from power in Cuba. Massive failure that causes the start of the Cuban missile crisis.
67
Which president’s program for governing was called the “New Frontier”?
JFK
68
When did LBJ serve as president?
1963-1969
69
Know the following about Ho Chi Minh
He was a Communist leader in Vietnam (fought against the USA and the South Vietnamese)
If elections were held after the “temporary” division in 1955, he would’ve been elected
He received support from China and the USSR
70
Which President famously urged in a speech in Berlin, “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!”?
Ronald Reagan
71
The number of U.S. soldiers killed in Vietnam?
58,000
72
What was the result of the First Gulf War? (It ended in March of 1991)
a coalition of nations started by President Bush that drove Iraq out of Kuwait. Created an independent Kuwait, free from control.
73
What is meant by the phrase Guns and Butter?
Military vs Welfare
74
Who was John Henry Hammond? Name 3 famous musicians he discovered
rich born music lover who helped discover african american jazz music and get it on the radio. Discovered Billie Holiday, Aretha Franklin, and Bob Dylan
75
_________________ convinced JFK to intervene more in Vietnam to stop the spread of Communism.
The Domino Theory
76
What effect did the Tet Offensive have on the American Public?
Made them turn against the war in large numbers
77
Which U.S. president was in office when the Gulf of Tonkin Incident occurred?
Lyndon Johnson
78
What happened in the Gulf of Tonkin Incident? How did the U.S. Government Respond
American ships traveling in the Gulf of Tonkin are said to have been fired at with torpedoes, which was a lie. Ended up with US President Johnson getting a resolution to have more direct US involvement in the Vietnam War.
79
Which President was in power when the USA recognized (accepted the existence) Communist China?
Nixon
80
Which Cold War president was the most suspicious of big government domestic programs?
Ronald Regan
81
What was the Tiananmen Square incident of 1989?
The Chinese rebelled in Tiananmen Square, and the government sent troops to open fire on civilians. Many were killed and nothing was accomplished.
82
the countries that were part of the Eastern (Communist) bloc (side)
USSR, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria
83
The term “evil empire” (from President Reagan) in your reading was directed at the past and present governments of what country?
Russia
84
Which Cold War President of the USA of the following can best be described as a “realist”? (as opposed to an idealist)
Nixon
85
Which 3 countries make up French Indochina?
Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia
86
What’s the connection between Brown V. Board of Education and Plessy V. Ferguson?
The Plessy V. The Ferguson case made it legal to segregate races, then the Brown V. The Board of Education created a precedent and made segregation Illegal.
87
Who was Jackie Robinson? What is he most famous for?
Black Athlete who famously broke the “color barrier” in baseball.
88
Rosa Parks created the spark that led to the famous Bus Boycott in which city?
Montgomery, Alabama
89
How did Thurgood Marshall make history twice? First as a lawyer? Then as a judge?
Lawyer for the Brown vs Board of Education case and fought Jim Crow and dismantled segregation in the US, then became the 1st Black Judge in US history.
90
How did the famous Indian leader, Gandhi, influence MLK Jr.?
he taught him that he could learn self control and accomplish great things doing that.
91
In 1963, MLK gave his famous “I Have a Dream” speech on the steps of which monument?
The Lincoln Memorial
92
The Little Rock 9 brought integration to what type of school? In which state?
Large white only public schools, Little Rock, Arkansas
93
“Bull” Connor was the infamous police chief in which city/state?
Birmingham, Alabama
94
According to your book, what was the estimated attendance to the 1963 “March on Washington”?
250,000
95
How long was the march from Selma to Montgomery?
58 miles
96
The tallest monument in Washington D.C. is dedicated to whom?
George Washington
97
1920s most important invention
The Roaring 20s. This is the most important event of its decade because it brought great prosperity to the US economy. The Roaring 20s was such a great financial time in history, where the nation's wealth doubled.
98
1930s most important invention
The great depression. This is the most important event of its decade because the nation suffered from horrible conditions because of the mistakes the banks made in earlier decades. Unemployment rate was up to 25%, and many couldn't support their families.
99
1940s most important invention
Berlin Aircraft. Important event because the US had a major victory over Russia. The US won with no shots fired.
100
1950s most important invention
Sputnik. Most important event of its decade because it was the launching of the first manmade object to orbit earth. Also gave the USSR a major lead in the space race
101
1960s most important invention
First Moon Landing. It's the most important invention because it was a very advanced accomplishment in its time. This event also won the pace race against Russia for the US.
102
1970s most important invention
Nixon visiting China. It is such an important event because It was the first time in US History that a president dealt with China. Normally the US associates with the non-communists in Taiwan, but Nixon stepped up and chose to interact with China.
