FINAL STUDY

Question 1

Simplicissimus

Answer 1

First German language adventure novel - A German autobiographical novel in which a doctor treated delusions by hiring actors – the patient believes he is a ghost so does not eat or take medicine, and the actors acted as ghosts which convinced the individual to take his supplements - 1668

Question 2

Precursors 1 (group therapy)

Answer 2

1761 Theater is used in the treatment of French psychiatric patients

1790 Pinel staged a psychodramatic trial

1813 Theaters built-in psychiatric hospitals in Italy – thought to be therapeutic

1878 Theaters used in an English Asylum

Question 3

Precursors 2 (group therapy)

Answer 3

1891 Pierre Janet used drama to re-enact traumatic scenes with the aim of achieving catharsis

1908-1917 Vladimir Iljine developed Therapeutic Theater in Russia

1909 Iljune published Improvising Theatre Play in the Treatment of Mood Disorders

1910 Patients Play Theatre: a way of healing body and mind

Question 4

Pratt (gt)

Answer 4

offers inspirational lecture to TB patients

Question 5

Moreno (gt)

Answer 5

organized the first self-help group (disadvantaged sex workers), developed psychodrama, coined the term “group therapy” and “group psychotherapy”

Question 6

Wender (gt)

Answer 6

began conducting psychoanalytically oriented group work

Question 7

Expansion Period 1940s (gt)

Answer 7

1941-45 Group therapy widely used in military and veterans hospitals

1942 American Society for Group Psychotherapy and Psychodrama was formed

1943 American Group Psychotherapy Association formed

1946-49 The Surgeon-General made group psychotherapy the main form of psychiatric treatment in VA hospitals

Question 8

Innovation Period 1960s (gt)

Answer 8

Marathon group therapy developed (period of 24 or 48 hours together)

1960s Nude therapy groups

T-groups

Self-help groups became more popular

Question 9

T Groups

Answer 9

a small group of people gathered to study their own behaviour, T IS FOR TRAINING, communication of feelings over content, receiving feedback, unstructured

Question 10

Lieberman, Yalom, & Miles

Answer 10

210 Stanford University Student Volunteers, assigned to 18 encounter groups or a control group, 16 Experienced Leaders, 8% Casualties, 16% Negative Change

CASUALTY = significant negative outcome after 8 months or more

Question 11

Factors for Casualties

Answer 11

Leadership Style = Charismatic – overly confronting, pressuring people to share and self-disclose personal information, imposing personal values on a group

Laissez-faire – did not provide much structure or protection on individuals who may be ganged up on

Selection Errors – in groups people should not be in

Personality of Therapists – being over confident, narcissistic or lacking empathy are unhelpful

Group Process – when a member is rejected or attacked by more than one person in the group

Characteristics of Patients
Personality disordered
Poor interpersonal
skills combined with interpersonal sensitivity – sensitive to criticism

Question 12

Here-and-Now Focus

Answer 12

Group members develop strong feelings toward the other group members, the therapist, and the group.

These feelings become the focus of the discourse of the group.

The focus is on the present (rather than past experiences and outside the group experiences)

To be helpful, the group must reflect on the here-and-now behavior and feelings

Question 13

Group Stages

Answer 13

1st Orientation, Hesitant Participation, Search for Meaning, Dependency

2nd Conflict, Dominance, Rebellion

3rd Development of Cohesiveness

Question 14

Open Membership

Answer 14

groups can go on for years and years, people can leave or are added in

Question 15

Consensuality

Answer 15

sharing new information

Question 16

Instilling Hope

Question 17

Universality

Answer 17

learning that others are similar to oneself, may are unaware that their problems are not unique

Question 18

Ultruism

Answer 18

allows you opportunities to discover strengths and be helpful to others

Question 19

Interpersonal Learning

Answer 19

feedback on interpersonal styles, how you are perceived by others

Question 20

Recapitulation of the Primary Family

Answer 20

the group experience as a familial unit allowing for relearning of unhealthy patterns learned and/or maintained in the family of origin

Question 21

Group Cohesiveness

Answer 21

the attractiveness of a group for its members, do you look forward and appreciate group members - MOST IMPORTANT FACOTR

Question 23

Process-Oriented Groups (gt)

Answer 23

Focus on interpersonal dynamics in group

Less common

More likely to have open membership

More likely to have broad group membership – variety makes the group stronger

Question 24

Psychoeducation Groups & CBT Groups (gt)

Answer 24

Little focus on interpersonal dynamics – like a class

Offer CBT in a group setting (e.g., social anxiety)

Very common in hospitals

Closed groups typical

Likely to have more specific criteria for membership – e.g., depression, panic attacks, etc