Final Review Chapter 13

Question 0

What are examples of colligative properties

Answer 0

Freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure

Question 1

Properties that depend on the concentration of solute particles but not on their identity

Answer 1

Colligative property

Question 2

The difference between the freezing points of the pure solvent and solution of a nonelectrolyte in the solvent, and it is correctly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution

Answer 2

Freezing point depression

Question 3

Difference between the boiling point of the pure solvent and a nonelectrolyte solution of that solvent, and it’s directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution

Answer 3

Boiling point elevation

Question 4

The external pressure that must be applied to stop osmosis. The number of ions must also be taken into account

Answer 4

Osmotic pressure

Question 5

What is the molal freezing point constant for water (Kf)

Answer 5

1.86 ‘ C • kg
Kf = —————
mole

Question 6

What is the molal boiling point constant for water (Kb)

Answer 6

0.52 ‘ C
Kb = ———–
m

Question 7

What is the formula for freezing point depression

Question 8

What is the formula for boiling point elevation

Question 9

What is the formula for osmotic pressure

Answer 9

Pie = iMRT

Question 10

Salt is often used to remove ice from roads and sidewalks. Explain how this process works in terms of colligative properties

Answer 10

When the salt dissolves into solution and ionizes. It is the production of ions that causes the resulting solution to have a lower freezing point than the solvent. The more ions that are produced in solution the lower the resulting freezing point

Question 11

Which salt NaCl or CaCl2 has a greater effect of freezing point

Answer 11

CaCl2 It produces more ions in solution and will cause the resulting solution to have a lower freezing point. The more particles dissolved in the solvent the lower the freezing point