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Comp > Final Review > Flashcards

Final Review Flashcards

1
Q

Language characterized by predominance of content words (nouns, verbs) and absence of functions ( articles, prepositions) characteristic of Broca’s aphasia

A

Agrammatism

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2
Q

The distance an object moves for its resting position during vibration

A

Amplitude

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3
Q

Bulge in the wall of an artery resulting form weakness

A

Aneurysm

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4
Q

“Without words” Aphasia characterized by difficulty with naming, but auditory comprehension, verbal expression and repetition are fairly unimpaired

A

Anomia

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5
Q

Language disorder affecting phonology, grammar, semantics, and pragmatic as well as reading and writing caused by focal brain damage

A

Aphasia

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6
Q

A disorder in the planning and programming of speech movements due to left frontal lobe damage. Problem with coordination

A

Apraxia

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7
Q

The presence of food or liquid in the airway below the level of the true vocal folds

A

Aspiration

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8
Q

Neuromuscular disorder characterized be errors in the direction, force, and timing of movements resulting form cerebellar damage

A

Ataxia

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9
Q

Congenital neuromuscular disorder characterized by writhing involuntary movement caused by extrapyramidal tract damage

A

Athetosis

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10
Q

A graph depicting the threshold of audibility (in decibels) as a function of different frequencies

A

Audiogram

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11
Q

Supplementing or augmenting speech using various techniques and aids. Could be gestures or a device

A

Augmentative communication

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12
Q

A term used to describe food after it has been chewed and mixed with saliva

A

Bolus

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13
Q

A syndrome of deficits in visual, auditory, intellectual, and motor functions in the critical early development period for speech and language

A

Cerebral Palsy

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14
Q

A tacky yellow or brown substance secreted by oil glands in the external auditory meatus (earwax)

A

Cerumen

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15
Q

Early language intervention strategy in which the clinician and child engage in conversation during play. Include self-talk, parallel talk, and expansions

A

Child-centered approaches

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16
Q

The use of years and months to determine a child’s age and to compare him or her with other children of the same age ( 2;3 means 2 years 3 months)

A

Chronological age

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17
Q

A circuitous description of a word that cannot be recalled, describing around the word

A

Circumlocution

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18
Q

The coiled tube in the inner ear that houses the sensory cells for hearing; a structure in the inner ear that converts the mechanical energy received from the middle ear into an electrochemical code for transmission to the brain

A

Cochlea

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19
Q

A device that is surgically placed in the cochlea and provides auditory stimulation for individuals with severe to profound hearing loss

A

Cochlear implant

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20
Q

Understanding of a communicated message in context regardless of the modality used for expression

A

Comprehension

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21
Q

Refers to the meaning of language, known as semantics

A

Content

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22
Q

A stroke, interruption of blood supply to an area of the brain

A

CVA cerebrovascular accident

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23
Q

Neuromuscular speech disorder

A

Dysarthria

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24
Q

Difficulty in swallowing or an inability to swallow

A

Dysphagia

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25
Q

Accumulation of an excessive amount of fluid in cells, tissues, or serous cavities; usually results in a swelling of the tissues

A

Edema

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26
Q

A moving clot from another part of the body that may lodge and interrupt the blood supply

A

Embolus

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27
Q

Examination of the interior of a canal or hollow space; the insertion of a flexible scope through the nose to look at the anatomy of the pharynx and to observe the pharynx and larynx before and after swallowing

A

Endoscopy

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28
Q

The canal that connects the middle ear cavity to the back of the throat, the ET opens briefly to equalize pressure in the middle ear

A

Eustachian tube

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29
Q

Making assessment and treatment decisions by integrating the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values

A

Evidence-based practice

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30
Q

The canal that directs sound from the pinna to the tympanic membrane

A

External auditory meatus EAM

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31
Q

The structure of language, including syntax, morphology, and phonology

A

Form

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32
Q

The number of cycles of vibration completed in 1 second, measured in hertz (Hz)

A

Frequency

33
Q

A feeding tube that is placed directly into the stomach through an incision in the skin

A

G-tube, gastric tube

34
Q

The softest sound that can be detected 50% of the time in dB

A

Hearing threshold

35
Q

Encapsulated blood from a broken blood vessel

A

Hematoma

36
Q

Paralysis or weakness on one side of the body. Typically the side affected is opposite the side of the brain injury

A

Hemiplegia

37
Q

Bleeding from a broken artery or vein

A

Hemorrhage

38
Q

Loss of vision in part of the visual field caused by brain injury

A

Homonymous hemianopsia

39
Q

Abnormally increased reflexes resulting from nervous system damage

A

Hyperreflexia

40
Q

Abnormally increased background activity of a muscle resulting from nervous system damage

A

Hypertonicity

41
Q

Abnormally decreased background activity of a muscle resulting from nervous system damage

A

Hypotonicity

42
Q

An approach to language intervention in which all the language therapy activities are related to a children’s book

A

Literature based language intervention

43
Q

A moving x-ray picture of a swallow

A

Modified barium swallow MBS

44
Q

Members of an assessment team conduct their own independent assessments of the child’s abilities that relate to their own interest areas. In a summary meeting, each member of the team shares his or her findings and recommends treatment. The emphasis is on the parts of the child rather the whole child.

A

Multidisciplinary assessment

45
Q

A new word that may be meaningless

A

Neologism

46
Q

A feeding tube that goes through the nose, through the pharynx, and into the stomach

A

NG-tube, nasogastric tube

47
Q

The three interconnected bones in the middle ear that conduct vibration from the tympanic membrane to the cochlea

A

Ossicular chain

48
Q

Infection of the middle ear

A

Otitus media

49
Q

Both legs affected

A

Paraplegia

50
Q

The contraction of smooth muscles to propel food through the digestive tract

A

Peristalsis

51
Q

A type of meta linguistic awareness. Knowledge of the sequence of sounds that make up words. The ability to identify the phoneme structure of words.

A

Phonological awareness

52
Q

On the outer ear, the visible flap of skin attached to the head

A

Pinna

53
Q

The movement of vibration through a medium brought about by collisions between neighboring particles

A

Sound propagation

54
Q

Difficulties acquiring language in the absence of any other mental, sensory, motoric , emotional, or experiential deficits

A

Specific language impairment

55
Q

A disorder in the psychological processes involved in learning that may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations.

A

Specific learning disorder

56
Q

A two-syllable word pronounced with equal emphasis on both syllables. Used in testing the SRT

A

Spondee words

57
Q

Recovery from stroke resulting from physiological and reorganizational changes in the brain and not attributable to rehabilitation

A

Spontaneous recovery

58
Q

Accumulation of material within an artery. When complete, it causes a stroke

A

Thrombosis

59
Q

Temporary interruption of blood flow to an area of the brain. The effects typically resolve within 24 hours

A

TIA transient ischemic attack

60
Q

When a team of professionals works together to evaluate a child. Members of the team are not limited to the evaluation of any single area of development

A

Transdisciplinary assessment

61
Q

The cone-shaped layer of tissue that separates the external auditory meatus from the middle ear cavity. The malleus is connected to its inner surface

A

Tympanic membrane TM

62
Q

Refers to the social aspects of language, which are also called pragmatic

A

Use

63
Q

What are the six aspects of speech production affected by CP?

A

Respiration, phonation, resonance, articulation, prosody, and speech development

64
Q

What is the difference between acquired apraxia of speech and developmental apraxia?

A

Acquired is result of damage to left frontal lobe, can occur with Broca’s, planning and programming of speech movements affected,has prosodic, fluency, and speech sound impairments, developmental is a rare childhood disorder showing vowel errors, inconsistent speech sounds, altered intonation and word stress, slow to learn language and other areas generally unaffected, unknown etiology

65
Q

What is the difference between apraxia and dysarthria?

A

Apraxia is a coordination issues muscles are fine and the message gets there but the muscles don’t cooperate, dysarthria is when there is a neuromuscular or physical weakness in the muscles message doesn’t get there

66
Q

What are the 4 stages of swallowing and what happens in each?

A

Anticipatory stage, senses get body ready, the oral stage, bolus is formed, chewed and moved to back of throat, the pharyngeal stage, food is swallowed, airway is protected and food is moved toward the stomach, and the esophageal stage in which bolus travel to stomach thru peristalsis

67
Q

What are the 5 typical aspects of a treatment plan for dysphagia?

A

Positioning, environmental modifications, like a quiet room or cueing, adaptive feeding equipment, bolus modification,and swallowing techniques

68
Q

What is the difference between an embolus and a thrombosis?

A

Embolus is moving clot, and thrombosis is a blockage

69
Q

What are the five areas in which a language disorder can occur in the case of aphasia?

A

Naming,fluency,auditory comprehension,repetition, and sentence formulation and production

70
Q

Which aphasia is associated with nonfluent effortful speech and agrammatism?

A

Broca’s aphasia

71
Q

Which aphasia affects auditory comprehension but speech remains fluent?

A

Wernickes aphasia

72
Q

Which characteristics of a sound Source are important to sound generation

A

Mass and elasticity

73
Q

What are the parts of the outer ear?

A

Pinna and external auditory meatus EAM

74
Q

What are the parts of the middle ear?

A

Ossicles and tempanic membrane

75
Q

How does sound travel by air conduction?

A

Outer ear, middle ear, inner ear, auditory nerve, cortex

76
Q

How does sound travel by bone conduction?

A

Bone, inner ear, auditory nerve, cortex

77
Q

What is the goal of hearing testing?

A

To find the threshold, softest sound heard and responded to at least 50% of the time

78
Q

What is considered to be normal hearing?

A

20-25 dB

79
Q

What is the newborn hearing screening called?

A

Auditory brain stem response ABR

Comp (6 decks)

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