Final- Regional Neuroanatomy Part 1 Flashcards
A positional word that means near the front end of the body, especially in the region of the nose and mouth.
- Rostral
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A positional word that means at or near the tail or the posterior part of the body.
- Caudal/Caudad
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Define Cephalad
- Word used to refer to something superior and anterior of the body.
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Define proximal
- Closer to the center
- Proximal in the PNS would be closer to the CNS (head or spinal cord)
- Ex: subclavian artery is proximal to the brachial artery
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define distal
- Further away from center
- Distal in the PNS would be further from the CNS(head or spinal cord)
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Describe the anatomical position.
- Face forward
- Standing up straight
- Palms out on the anterior plane
- Thumbs extend laterally
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Conduction Systems in the PNS
- cutaneous/sensory
- motor
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- What is Cutaneous conduction?
- What is motor conduction?
- Cutaneous: Something that is sensory and peripheral
- Something that might feel pain
- Motor is the opposite of cutaneous in the nervous system
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- What are the bundles of neurons/axons in the CNS? What are bundles of cell bodies in the CNS?
- PNS?
- CNS:
- Bundle of neurons/axons: Tract
- Bundle of cell bodies: Nuclei
- PNS:
- Bundle of neurons/axons: Nerves
- Bundle of cell boides: Ganglia
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A term that describes bundles of neurons and axons outside the CNS [in the PNS].
- Nerve
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A term that describes bundles of neurons and axons within the CNS.
- Tracts
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What is a ganglia?
- Bundles of cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system
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What is a nuclei?
- Bundle of cell bodies within the CNS.
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____ come together to make a Root.
- Rootlets
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Where is the spinal ganglion located?
- Within the posterior root AKA dorsal root
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The junction of the posterior root and anterior root will be called the ________.
- Spinal Nerve
- This point will be the start of the Peripheral Nervous System
The anterior of the spinal cord will be connected to the ______ system.
- Motor System (Efferent)
The posterior of the spinal cord will be connected to the ______ system.
- Sensory System (Afferent)
What will be the first projection off of the spinal nerve?
Function?
- Posterior Ramus
- Posterior Ramus will primarily serve as a sensory component
What will be the second projection of the spinal nerve?
Function?
- Anterior Ramus
- Anterior Ramus will serve as a motor output, sensory input, and branch of the autonomic nervous system.
Of the two spinal nerve projections, which one is larger?
- Anterior Ramus
How does the Anterior Ramus connect to the sympathetic chain (sympathetic ganglion)?
- Gray Ramus Communicans (proximal)
- White Ramus Communicans (distal)
Explain why the left sympathetic chain is more posterior and lateral on the spinal column than the right.
- The aorta sits on the left side of the vertebral body and pushes the left sympathetic chain (left spinal ganglia) posteriorly and laterally during development.
What are the branches of the posterior ramus?
- Medial branch of the Posterior Rami
- Lateral branch of the Posterior Rami