Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Mar: Sem 3 - Principles I (Full) > Exam 3 Anesthesia Machine I [7/8/24] > Flashcards

Exam 3 Anesthesia Machine I [7/8/24] Flashcards

1
Q
  • What group oversees the standards of the anesthesia machine?
  • When was this group founded?
A
  • American Society for Testing and Materials
  • Since 1979 (reapproved in 2005)

slide 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should the anesthesia machine do?

A
  • Provide Storage/shelving
  • Provide a Housing for monitoring devices
  • Provide Accurate and safe gas delivery
  • Provide a Means for ventilating patients
  • Provide Electrical outlets for things that the machine needs, not for external items
  • Provide a place to prop your feet during long cases lol

SHAME on the anesthesia machine if it does not provide these things

slide 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What features of the anesthesia works if the Master Switch is OFF?

A
  • All electronic functions disabled except:
  • Oxygen flush valve is active
  • Auxillary oxygen flowmeter
  • Battery charger
  • Electrical outlets

Only ABE! works when the machine is OFF
Oh BAE

slide 4

Still have to have things plugged in if it is off for these things to work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What features of the Anesthesia Machine work when the master switch is on?

A
  • Pneumatic and electrical functions
  • activates alarms and safety features
  • power-up protocol can be bypassed

Everything should be on and working

slide 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Things to know about the power failure indicator

A
  • Will be visual or audible
  • Keep the machine plugged in
    • battery backup at the highest level
  • Duration of backup depends on power usage
    • manual ventilation vs ventilation

slide 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

for the power failure indicator what is the primary indicator visual or audible?

A
  • visual is the primary indicator
  • ideally we want both visual and audible

S5- lecture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the best way to save power on your ventilator if you lose power during an operation?

A
  • Switch from control ventilator to manual ventilation

S5-lecture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how do we know the power failure/battery life of machine?

A

S6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

anesthesia machine should always be plugged into a red outlet, why?

A
  • this is the hospitals backup
  • all critical machines should be plugged into the red outlet

S7

If plugged into the white outlet, when the power goes out so the does the anesthesia machine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the electrical outlets on the anesthesia machine used to power?
What kind of stuff can be plugged in?

A
  • Power the Anesthesia monitors
  • Used for add on monitors like BIS, CO.
  • If requirements exceed outlet; circuit breaker will activate

slide 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Can bair huggers, suction machines, x-rays machines be plugged into the electrical outlet on anesthesia machne?

A
  • No, other appliances should be plugged into hospital’s main outlets

S8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 3 parts of the pneumatic system?

A
  • High Pressure
  • Intermediate Pressure
  • Low Pressure

slide 9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Click here for the picture of the pneumatic system

A
  • everything on the left side is high pressure
    • circles are the canisters of gases on the back of machine
    • arrows are check valves
  • middle is intermediut
  • right is low presure system
    • flow meeters
    • vaporizers
    • common gas outlet

slide 10-lecture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does the high-pressure system recieve gas from? At what pressure?

A
  • Receives gas from cylinders
  • at HIGH, VARIABLE pressure of 2200 psi

slide 11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does the high pressure system reduce the pressure to a lower more constant pressure?

A
  • Uses the pressure regulator (1st stage regulator) to reduce to a lower more constant pressure

slide 11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In a high pressure system the pressure is reduced by a pressure regulator. What is the pressure reduced to?

A
  • Reduced to 45 psi [from 2200 PSI]

S11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Without pressure regulators what would we constantly be changing?

A
  • flow meters
  • this is not efficient, not time friendly, and not cost friendly*

S11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the purpose of pressure regulators?

A
  • Reduce high, variable pressure in cylinders to lower constant pressure for the machine.
  • One pressure regulator must be present for each cylinder

Andy

Pressure regulators are also called reducing valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the purpose of the Hanger Yoke?

A
  • Orients and support the cylinder
  • Provide a gas-tight seal
  • Ensures unidirectional flow

OPE

slide 12/13

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

With a hanger yoke, how many “o” rings do you use?

A
  • only use one
  • if you use 2 the pin index safety system (PISS) could be bypassed

S12-lecture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

It is required to have at least one hanger yoke for ____ and one hanger yoke for ____?

A
  • 1 for oxygen
  • 1 for nitrous

S13

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the parts of the Hanger Yoke?

A
  • Body- principle framework
  • Retaining screw- tightens cylinder (clamp)
  • Nipple- thru which gas enters the machine
  • Index pins- prevents attaching an incorrect cylinder (PISS)
  • Washer- forms seal between cylinder and yoke
  • Check valve assembly- ensure unidirectional flow

slide 14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the purpose of the check valve assembly of the hanger yoke?

A
  • Prevent gas from exiting the machine when there is no cylinder in the yoke
  • Prevent gas from being transferred from a cylinder with higher pressure to one with lower pressure (if both are in a yoke and ON)

Ensures Unidirectional Flow

slide 15/16

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How does check valve assembly work?

A
  • Either coiled spring or valve seat that allows to get around or occlude gas flow.
  • Coiled Spring:
    • Collpased –> gas gets around
    • Open –> occludes gas flow
  • Valve Seat:
    • Lifted valve –> air gets around

S16

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Cylinder pressure indicator must be present for what?

A
  • must be present for each gas supplied by cylinders

slide 17

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are Bourdon Tubes?
What do they do?

A
  • curved hollow tubes
    • working mechanism for analogue pressure devices
    • pressure changes ↑/↓ curve
    • motion is transmitted to gauge

S17

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The cylinder pressure indicator gauge is required to be calibrated in what?

A
  • kilopascals kPA]
  • may also be in psi

S17

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What were the components of the high-pressure system?

A
  • Cylinder
  • Pressure Reducing Valve
  • Bourdon Guages
  • Hanger Yoke

Can Pressure Be High

S11-18

29
Q

Where does the intermediate system receive gas from/ get its pressure from?

A
  • Receives gases from the pressure regulator or pipeline

slide 19

30
Q

The intermediate pressure system receives gases from the pressure regulator or pipeline. What is the psi from these?

A
  • 1st pressure regulator: 45 psi
  • pipeline: 50-55 psi

S19

31
Q

What is the intermediate pressure system pressure if the master switch is OFF?

A
  • 0 mmHg

slide 19

32
Q

What is included in the intermediate pressure system?

A
  • Pneumatic part of the master switch
  • Flow control valves
  • Pipeline inlet connections
  • Oxygen pressure failure devices
  • Oxygen flush valve
  • Piping

POOF PP

P For POOP

slide 19

33
Q

What is the pipeline inlet connection?

A
  • The entry point for gases from the pipelines.
  • Pipeline inlet connects are fitted with a diameter index safety system (DISS)

slide 21

34
Q

The anesthesia machines are required to have pipeline inlets for what gases?

A
  • Required: Oxygen and Nitrous
  • Most also have air
  • inlets are fitted with DISS

slide 21

35
Q

Pipeline Inlet connections must conatin what to prevent the anesthesia machine gas from returning to the pipeline?

A
  • Unidirectional check valve

slide 21

36
Q

Where is the pipeline pressure indicator located?

A
  • Found on the front of the anesthesia machine
  • indicator is required for each gas monitored

slide 23

Picture next to the pressure indicator signifies whether gas is from the pipeline or cylinder.

37
Q

Pipeline pressure indicators:
* indicator must be where?
* What do newer machine have?

A
  • Indicator must be on pipeline side
    • if downstream and cylinder valve open will have adequate pressure reading until cylinder is 0/empty
  • digital and newer machines have LED

slide 23

38
Q

The intermediate system contains piping.
* What is the function of piping?
* What must piping be able to withstand?

A
  • Function: The piping connects the components inside the machine
  • Must be able to withstand 4x the intended pressure (about 200 psi)

slide 25

39
Q

With piping, leaks must not exceed ____ ml/min inside the anesthesia machine.

A
  • 25 ml/min

slide 25

40
Q

How does the oxygen failure safety device work?

A
  • If O2 pressure is reduced to 30 psi, other gases like nitrous will decrease or discontinue to maintain at least 19% O2 concentration at the common gas outlet.
  • this continues until O2 flow ceases - simulated in machine check

slide 26

41
Q

O2 failure alarm will sound within ____

A

5 seconds

slide 26

42
Q
  • What two places does the oxygen flush get its supply?
  • Where does it send O2?
A
  • Receives oxygen from pipeline inlet or cylinder pressure regulator
  • sends O2 to common gas outlet

slide 27

43
Q

What are the standards for the oxygen flush?

A
  • Have flow between 35-75 L/min (can cause barotrauma)
  • Designed to minimize accidental use
  • Must be operable with 1 hand
  • Single purpose
  • Self-closing

Flush MOSS

slide 27

44
Q

What are the hazards of using the oxygen flush?

A
  • If stuck on, could cause:
    • Barotrauma
    • Awareness

slide 28

45
Q

What is the function of the flow adjustment control?

A
  • Regulate the flow of oxygen, air, and other gases
  • Mechanical or electrical
  • Must be only one control for each gas; must be adjacent to its flowmeter

slide 30

46
Q

What is unique about the oxygen flow knob?

A
  • It must be fluted and larger than other gases (looks and feels different)

slide 30

47
Q

What kind of pressure does the low Pressure system have? What is this dependent on?

A
  • Pressure is slightly above atmospheric and variable
    • Depends on flow from flowmeters and backpressure from breathing circuit

slide 32

48
Q

What are the components of the low-pressure system?

A
  • Flowmeters
  • Hypoxia prevention devices
  • Unidirectional valves (within the machine)
  • Pressure relief devices
  • Common gas outlet

UP CHF
PH(F)UC

slide 32

49
Q

Where is the low-pressure system located?

A
  • located downstream from flow control devices (knobs)

slide 32

50
Q

What indicates the rate that gas passes through?

A
  • Flowmeter

slide 34

51
Q

What is the Thorpe tube?

A
  • Flowmeters have a Thorpe tube- vertical glass tube design
    • Smallest diameter at bottom
    • Free floating indicator
    • A stop at top of tube
    • A flow scale

slide 34

52
Q

What are the flowmeter requirements?

A
  • Must be marked with appropriate color and chemical symbol
  • 2nd stage regulator maintains 14-30psi
  • Gases empty into a common manifold

slide 34

53
Q

what does the 2nd stage regulator do?
What does the 1st stage regulator do?

A
  • 2nd stage regulator: Maintains flows at 14-30psi
  • 1st stage regulator: at the cylinder to drop pressure to 45 PSI

S34- lecture

54
Q

30 psi is important. What alarm goes off here?

A
  • At 30 PSI is where the O2 pressure alarm occurs.

S34 - lecture

55
Q

What is the flowmeter sequence?
Which comes 1st with Drager flowmeter & Ohmeda/Daytex?

A
  • Normal gas flow from:
    • bottom to top
    • Left to right
  • Drager: N2O
  • Ohmeda: Air

slide 36

56
Q

What is the standard for the flowmeter sequence?

A
  • The standard requires oxygen flowmeter to be placed on the right side.
  • By having the O2 flowmeter on the right, there is the least chance of leaking and being hypoxic

slide 36

57
Q

Which is the safe option in flowmeter sequence?

A
  • C or D becuase O2 is at the end
  • in A or B if there is a leak up stream pt risk not getting O2

S37-lecture

58
Q

What are the hypoxia prevention devices?

A
  • Mandatory Minimum Oxygen Flow
  • Minimum Oxygen Ratio

slide 38

59
Q

For the mandatory minimum oxygen flow:
* What is the minimum flow?
* When is it activated?

A
  • Minimum of 50 to 250 ml/min flow
  • Master switch needs to be ON for mandatory minimum oxygen flow to work.

slide 38

60
Q

What is the minimum oxygen ratio?

A
  • Gas ratio between oxygen and nitrous uses mechanical linkage with nitrous
  • Link engages when oxgyen concentration is 25%.`

slide 38

-doesn’t allow you to give all nitrous without turning oxygen on
-doesn’t allow you to turn O2 down to 0 with nitrous going on
-when O2 concentration drops to ~25% the link between nitrous and oxygen engages and when the oxygen goes down, it will pull down the nitrous also
-if you hit the 25% concentration mark —> there’s a mechanism in there that lets it disengage/fall off or engage and tighten up to where youre turning on both of them

61
Q

Where are the unidirectional valves located in the low-pressure system?

A
  • Located between the vaporizer and common gas outlet.
  • Upstream from oxygen flush valve.

slide 40

62
Q

What is the function of low-pressure unidirectional valves?

A
  • Unidirectional valves will lessen the back pressure from flush or breathing circuit
  • Prevents back pumping /pumping effect

slide 40

63
Q
  • Pressure relief devices are located where?
  • what do they do with excess pressure?
A
  • Near common gas outlet
  • Opens to atmosphere and vents if preset pressure is exceeded

slide 41

64
Q

What is the drawback to the pressure relief device of the low-pressure system?

A
  • Limits the ability of the machine to provide adequate jet ventilation

Jet ventilation = sending jets of O2 or air

slide 41

65
Q

What component receives all gases from the machine and delivers the mixture to the circle system?

A
  • Common gas outlet

S42/43

66
Q

The Common Gas outlet must be what?

A

must be difficult to disconnect

slide 42

67
Q

The common gas outlet should not be used for what? Why?

A
  • Common gas outlet should not be used for supplemental oxygen because:
    • it can cause delay in emergencies
    • and if used during emergencies, potential delivery of inhalation agents to the patient

slide 42

68
Q

What can deliver oxygen in case of an electronic power failure?

A
  • Alternate Oxygen Control

slide 44

69
Q

What happens if you press the on/off button on the alternative oxygen control?

A
  • If you press this button, everything shuts off except for O2.
  • this is for when there is an emergency and you need volatiles and everything else off and just need to deliver O2

S44- lecture

Mar: Sem 3 - Principles I (Full) (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions