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MA 23 Qt 2 > Final Q2 > Flashcards

Final Q2 Flashcards

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1
Q

adenoidectomy

A

removal of the adenoids
aka pharyngeal tonsils

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2
Q

allergy

A

occurs when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance that doesn’t cause a reaction in most people.

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3
Q

anemia – different types

A

Vitamin deficiency anemia.
Aplastic anemia.
Sickle cell anemia.
Thalassemia.
Iron deficiency anemia.

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4
Q

antibodies

A

Protein substances produced in the blood or tissues in response to a specific antigen, that destroy or weakens the antigen. (Part of immune system)

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5
Q

antigens

A

Substances that stimulate the production of an antibody when introduced into the body.
Includes toxins, bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances

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6
Q

appearance of these bacteria: diplo, strep & staph

A

Diplo: in pairs
Strep: chain formation
Staph: grape like clusters

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7
Q

autologous

A

Harvesting a patient’s own healthy bone marrow before treatment, then reintroducing the bone marrow later.

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8
Q

bilirubin

A

Made by the liver
a break down product of red blood cells

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9
Q

blood tests performed – CBC, differential, ESR, PT & WBC

A

CBC: (complete blood count): RBC, HCT, HGB, WBC
Differential: Part of CBC, approx. number of circulating RBC in blood. (Measures WBCs via blood smear)
ESR: (Erythrocyte sedimentation rate): Used to measure the degree of inflammation in the body
PT: (prothrombin time) measures how long for blood to clot.
WBC:(White blood cell): estimate number of leukocytes in blood (diagnosis of leukemia)

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10
Q

blood types – universal donor and recipient

A

Universal donor: Type O-
Universal recipient: AB+

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11
Q

BUN

A

Blood urea nitrogen

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12
Q

centrifuge and what it does

A

an instrument to separate solids from liquids

it needs to be balances so therefore an even number of tubes and weight at all time

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13
Q

coagulation

A

process of changing liquid into a solid

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14
Q

culture & sensitivity testing

A

Culture detects organism in body fluid (ie. blood, sputum, urine) and sensitivity testing to determine antibiotics that would inhibit organism

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15
Q

cytokines

A

Chemical messengers that are secreted by cells of the immune system that direct immune cellular interactions

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16
Q

ESR

A

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

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17
Q

erythropoietin

A

**A hormone **that is produced by the kidney cells and travels to the bone marrow to stimulate red blood cell formation

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18
Q

FBS

A

Fasting Blood Sugar

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19
Q

GTT

A

Glucose tolerance test

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20
Q

hemoglobin A1c

A

Measure A1c levels to assess and manage long term care of patients with diabetes

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21
Q

hematocrit - reasons test would be low

A

An insufficient supply of healthy red blood cells (anemia)

Dehydration

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22
Q

hematology

A

The study of blood cells and coagulation

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23
Q

hematopoiesis

A

The process of blood formation

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24
Q

hematuria

A

Blood in the urine

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25
hemoglobin
An oxygen carrying pigment of red blood cells that contains iron.
26
hemophilia
Group of inherited blooding disorders characterized by a deficiency of one of the factors ( 8, 9, or 11) necessary for coagulation of blood
27
hemostasis
The stoppage of bleeding
28
leukocytes – types and their purposes
White blood cells Neutrophil: Engulf & destroy foreign substances. (Bacteria) Eosinophil: Helps in the destruction of parasites and fungi Basophil: Helps in the destruction of allergens Monocytes: Engulf and destroy foreign substances. (Senescent and malignant cells Lymphocyte B cell: Destroys foreign substances by producing antibodies Lymphocyte T cell: Destroy foreign substances. (intracellular pathogens)
29
leukocytosis
Abnormal increase in WBC's
30
leukopenia
Abnormal decrease in WBC's, aka. leukocytopenia
31
lymphaden/o
lymph gland (node)
32
lymphocytes, types and what organ produces them
* Lymphocytes: B & T cells: Produced in bone marrow & recognize pathogen as foreign substances
33
macromolecules
The molecules needed for metabolism: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, amino acids (building blocks of protein)
34
microhematocrit test – layers
* Sealing Compound/clay * Pack RBCs * Buffy Coat * Plasma
35
micro molecules
organic compounds such as sugars, amino acids
36
mononucleosis – what is it and another name for it
the kissing disease. (common acquired as a child or adolescent) can be passed by kissing, sneezing, coughing, or by sharing eating/drinking utensils.
37
pathogenic organisms – what temp do they survive in & how long viable
38
-penia
deficiency
39
renin
Secreted in the urinary system (kidneys) and is involved with increasing blood pressure
40
RhoGam
Rh immunoglobin An injectable drug given to women with Rh-negative blood during pregnancy
41
shapes for bacteria: spirilla, spirochetes & streptobacilli
spirilla: spiral shaped spirochetes: tightly coiled streptobacilli: chain
42
stem cell
Undifferentiated cells that can become specialized cells in the body
43
how to perform test for pinworms
1. Tape tongue depressor with sticky side out 2. Press against anal folds 3. Place the tape, adhesive side down onto microscope slide
44
homeostasis
A steady state that is created by all the body systems working together to provide a consistent and unvarying internal environment .
45
thym/o
Thymus
46
thyr/o
thyroid
47
thrombocytosis
An increase in platelets (clot)
48
tinea – different types
Tinea corporis: on trunk and limbs Tenia cruris: on groin (jock itch) Tenia capitis: on scalp Tenia pedia: athlete's foot
49
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
50
tonsil/o
tonsil
51
tonsillectomy
Removal of tonsils
52
toxicology
The study of poisonous substances and drugs, and their effects on the body
53
Troponin
I and T To aid in diagnosis of myocardial infarction
54
spleen/o
spleen
55
urology
Study of urine disorders
56
the various types of needles and syringes used for phlebotomy
PPD: 1/4-1/2 in needle: 27 gauge: syringe 1mL Subcut: 5/8 in needle: 25 gauge: syringe 3mL IM & gluteal: 1 in needle: 21-23 gauge: syringe 3mL
57
skin cleaning prep for phlebotomy
Alcohol wipes (up and down motion) w/ friction, back and forth motion.
58
sites for phlebotomy and sites you should not collect blood from
#1: Antecubital space Draw from cephalic (thumb side) NO COLLECTING FROM basilic vein (little finger side)
59
tests to detect strep throat and stomach ulcers
strep throat - History and physical - Rapid antigen test - Throat culture stomach ulcers - History and physical - Test for H. pylori - Stomach biopsy - Imaging tests --> Endoscopy, Xray after barium swallow
60
technique for drawing blood
As a note... When collecting LAST tube, pop tourniquet, remove full tube, cotton ball, remove needle and SAFETY!
61
tube color for a routine CBC
Lavender
62
tourniquet, where is it placed, how long should it be on and what happens if you go over this time
3-4 inches above elbow 1 minute
63
needlestick safety and injury
* Never recap * Use safety devices **(with one hand)** * Plan for safe handling and disposal before procedure * Dispose in appropriate containers * Report injury promptly * Participate in appropriate trainings
64
blood components
Plasma (55%) RBC (45%) Platelets (< 1%)
65
capillary blood components
Mixture of venous and arterial blood small volume of tissue fluid present in first draw
66
blood specimen rejection causes – which one happens frequently
67
pregnancy test types
-Urine -Lateral flow Immunoassay (most common) -Quick vue
68
urine samples, testing times, storing specimens
culture and sensitivity (C&S) 72 hours **Store:** room temperature
69
urinalysis, values, color (abnormal & abnormal reasons), turbidity, specific gravity, glucose, ketones, nitrates
10-12 mL minimum vol. needed. **Color**: pale, straw, yellow, amber, dark amber **Turbidity:** Scale from clear to cloudy: caused by cells, bacteria, yeast, or crystals **SG:** normal-1.005-1.030: a change in number = kidney disease **Glucose:** reabsorbed in nephron tubule: if positive: diabetic **Ketones:** End products of fat metabolism **Nitrates:** if positive= UTI
70
urinalysis for diabetes at home screening
clinitest
71
pH, Creatinine & Ferritin test which functions
pH: acidity or alkalinity Creatinine: measures how well kidneys are filtering waste from blood Ferritin test: Will test iron level
72
Clinitest
Based on the chemical reductions of copper, it is used to detect reducing substances (sugars) in the urine
73
drug screening, chain of custody
legal term that refers to the ability to guarantee identity and integrity of specimen from collection to reporting of results process used to maintain and document the history of a specimen
74
what analytes will be positive in urine for a female that has a UTI
Nitrates
75
urine smells of sweet or mousy, what conditions may be present
Urine smells sweet: Diabetes Urine smells mousy (children):
76
conditions where you will see decreased or increased RBC count

MA 23 Qt 2 (9 decks)

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