final- public health

Question 1

define the social ecological model

Answer 1

• health and disease are constructed at various levels

policy: macro-scale bureaucratic,
political, and economic factors (e.g.
legislation & regulatory policies)

Community: meso-scale infrastructural,
cultural, and social causes.

Organizational: micro/meso-scale factors
of your local bureaucratic environment

Interpersonal: micro/meso-scale social
factors (you and your immediate social
contacts/networks)

Individual: micro-scale idiosyncratic
causes (e.g. your body, your health
related choices, and your luck)

Question 2

what are the scientific bases of public health

Answer 2

evidence-based public health (EBPH), which integrates science-based interventions with community preferences to improve population health. It draws on a variety of sciences, including epidemiology, molecular biology, clinical practice, sociology, education, politics, and management science.

Question 3

what are the three levels of prevention

Answer 3

1. primary: prevents an illness from occuring at all (vaccines)
2. secondary: minimizes the severity or impact of damage (early detection of cancer)
3. tertiary: minimize disability or effects through long term treatment or rehab (treatment of PTSD in combat veterans)

Question 4

what is the chain of causation model

Answer 4

• identifies health issues in terms of agent, host and environment
• agent: pathogen, virus, etc
• host: infected human/animal
• environment: infected water or food, dirty environment, close proximity to infected people

Question 5

define a nudge

Answer 5

• any aspect of the choice architecture that alters people’s behavior in a predictable way without forbidding any options or significantly changing their economic incentive

Question 6

define libertarian paternalism

Answer 6

• tries to avoid the problem that intervention denies personal freedom
• does not tell people what to do but subtly manipulates them into taking the desired course of action
• accepts that people not rational actors and even works with our affective modes of thinking
• nudging requires a sense of the sociological imagination- you must understand how and why people do things beyond the most obvious reasons
• people seem to prefer nudges (smaller bottles, smaller sections at grocery stores and displayed less prominently)

Question 7

define framing

Answer 7

• presenting information or issue in such a way that it influences how one is likely to act or think

Question 8

define priming

Answer 8

• connecting information or issue to prior experiences, information, or issues to elicit the prior response

Question 9

what are the effects of priming on the political awareness of health issues

Answer 9

• the Don’t Mess with Texas campaign primed Texans’ identity and framed the environmentalism in those terms