Final Practical Flashcards
External Intercostal
Prox, Distal, Innervation & Action
Prox: Inferior borders of 1st - 11th ribs
Distal: Superior borders of ribs immediately below
Innervation: Adjacent intercostal nerves
Action: Elevate ribs at their costovertebral joints; provide structural support to intercostal spaces
Internal Intercostal
Prox, Distal, Innervation & Action
Prox: Inferior borders of 1st-11th ribs & their adjacent costal cartilages
Distal: Superior borders of ribs & costal cartilages right below
Innervation: Adjacent intercostal nerves
Action: Depress ribs at their costovertebral joints; provide structural support to intercostal spaces
Innermost costal
Prox, Distal, Innervation & Action
Prox: Inferior borders & internal surfaces of 1st -11th ribs
Distal: Superior borders & internal surfaces of ribs immediately below
Innervation: Adjacent intercostal nerves
Action: Elevates ribs
Transverse thoracic
Prox, Distal, Innervation & Action
Prox: Posterolateral aspect of body & diploid process of sternum
Distal: Internal surfaces of 2nd-6th costal cartilages & costal ends of adjacent ribs
Innervation: Adjacent intercostal nerves
Action: Depress ribs & their costal cartilages
Subcostal
Prox, Distal, Innervation & Action
Prox: Internal surface of 7th-10th ribs
Distal: Internal surfaces of 9th-12th ribs
Innervation: Adjacent intercostal nerves
Action: Depress ribs
Diaphragm
Prox, Distal, Innervation & Action
Prox: Xiphoid process, internal surfaces of 7th-12th costal cartilages & adjacent ribs, medial & lateral arcuate ligaments, L1-L3
Distal: Central tendon
Innervation: Phrenic nerve (motor) & phrenic & lower intercostal nerves (sensory)
Action: Inspiration
External Oblique
Prox, Distal, Innervation & Action
Prox: External surfaces & inferior borders of 5th-12th ribs
Distal: Anterior superior iliac spine, anterior half of iliac crest, pubic crest, pubic tubercle, linea alba
Innervation: Anterior rami of 7th-12th thoracic nerves
Action: Flexes, laterally flexes, & rotates trunk; compresses & provides structural support to adjacent abdominal structures
Internal Oblique
Prox, Distal, Innervation & Action
Prox: Inferior margins of 10th - 12th ribs & adjacent costal cartilages, linea alba, pecten pubis
Distal: Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament
Innervation: Anterior rami of 7th-12th thoracic nerves, iliohypogastric & ilioinguinal nerves
Action: Flexes, laterally flexes, & rotates trunk; compresses & provides structural support to adjacent abdominal structures
Transverse abdominal
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Costal cartilages of 7th - 12th ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, & inguinal ligament
Distal: Linea alba, pubic crest, & pecten pubis
Innervation: Anterior rami of 7th-12th thoracic nerves, ilohypogastric & ilioinguinal nerves
Action: Compresses & provides structural support to adjacent abdominal structures
Rectus Abdominis
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: xiphoid process & costal cartilages of 5th - 7th ribs
Distal: Pubic crest & symphysis
Innervation: Anterior rami of 6th - 12th thoracic nerves
Action: Flexes trunk; compresses & provide structural support to adjacent abdominal structures
Pyramindalis
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: body of pubis & anterior pubic ligament
Distal: linea alba
Innervation: Anterior ramus of 12th thoracic nerve, iliohypogastric & ilioinguinal nerve
Action: Tenses linea alba
Gluteus Maximus
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Area of ilium located posterior to its posterior gluteal line, posterior aspects of sacrum & coccyx & sacrotuberous ligaments
Distal: Tubercle of iliotibial tract on tibia via iliotibial tract & gluteal tuberosity
Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
Action: Extends, laterally rotates & abducts thigh
Gluteus medius
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Area of ilium located b/w anterior & posterior gluteal lines
Distal: Lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Action: Medially rotates & abducts thigh
Gluteus minimus
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Area of ilium located b/w anterior & inferior gluteal line
Distal: Anterolateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Action: Medially rotates & abducts thigh
Piriformis
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Pelvic surface of sacrum & sacrotuberous ligament
Distal: Superior border of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: Nerve to piriformis (S1-S2)
Action: Laterally rotates & transversally abducts thigh
Superior gemellus
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Ischial spine
Distal: medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: Nerve to obturator interns (L5-S2)
Action: Laterally rotates & transversally abducts thigh
Inferior gemellus
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Ischial Tuberosity
Distal: Medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5-S1)
Action: Laterally rotates & transversally abducts thigh
Obturator Internus
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Internal surface of obturator membrane & adjacent bones
Distal: Medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur
InnerationL Nerve to obturator interns (L5-S1)
Action: Laterally rotates & transversally abducts thigh
Quadratus Femoris
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Lateral margin of ischial tuberosity
Distal: Quadrate tubercle of femur
Innervation: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5-S1)
Action: Laterally rotates thigh
Tensor of Fascia Lata
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Anterior superior iliac spine & anterior 1/3 of outer lip of iliac crest
Distal: Tubercle of iliotibial tract on tibia via iliotibal tract
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
Action: Assists in medial rotation, abduction, & flexion of thigh
Long Head of Biceps Femoris
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Ischial tuberosity
Distal: Head of fibula
Innervation: tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
Action: Flexes & laterally rotates leg; extends thigh
Short Head of Biceps Femoris
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Linea aspera & lateral supracondylar line
Distal: Head of fibula
Innervation: Common fibular division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
Action: Flexes & laterally rotates leg
Semitendinosus
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Ischial tuberosity
Distal: Medial aspect of proximal part of tibia
Innervation: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
Action: Flexes & medially rotates leg; extends thigh
Semimembranous
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Ischial Tuberosity
Distal: Medial condyle of tibia
Innervation: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
Action: Flexes & medially rotates leg; extends thigh
Adductor Magnus
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Inferior pubic ramus, ramus of ischium & ischial tuberosity
Distal: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line & adductor tubercle
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L4) & Tibial Division of sciatic nerve (L4)
Action: Adducts, flexes, & extends thigh
External Anal Spincter
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Anococcygeal ligament
Distal: Perineal body
Innervation: Perineal & inferior anal nerves
Action: Constricts anal canal
Obturator Internus (Tendinous Arch)
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Internal surfaces of obturator membrane & adjacent bones
Distal: Medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: Nerve to obturator internus
Action: Laterally rotates & transversally abducts thigh
Ischiococcygeus
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Ischial Spine
Distal: Anterolateral aspects of sacrum & coccyx
Innervation: Nerve to levator ani muscle (S3-S4)
Action: Provides structural support in adjacent pelvic structures; fecal continence
Puboccygeus
Prox, Distal, innervation & action
Prox: Posterior aspect of body of pubic & tendinous arch of elevator ani
Distal: Coccyx, pubococcygeus tendon, perineal body & lateral walls of vagina in females & prostate in males
Innervation: Nerve to levator ani muscle (S3-S4); inferior anal & perineal nerves
Action: Provides structural support to adjacent pelvic structures; urinary & fecal continence
