Final: Peripheral System Flashcards
What is the term the describes an area of skin supplied by cutaneous branches of single spinal nerves
dermatome
What are the three layers of an artery
tunica intima
tunica media
tunica externus
Which layer of an artery is normally smooth and loaded with molecules which resist through formation
tunica intima
Which layer of an artery responds with thrombus formation and plaques when injured
tunica intima
Which layer of an artery is a muscular wall with inner and outer elastic membranes and responsible for peripheral resistance to blood flow
tunica media
Which layer of an artery is the outer most layer that is primarily composed to connective tissue
tunica externus
What are the three upper extremity pulse locations
brachial
radial
ulnar
What are the four lower extremity pulse locations
femoral
popliteal
dorsalis pedis
posterior tibial
Which pulse is located on the anterior aspect of the elbow in the antecubital region
brachial
Which pulse is located on the palmer side of the wrist, proximal to the thenar eminence
radial
Which pulse is located on the ulnar side of the wrist and is difficult to palpate
ulnar
Which pulse is located on the anterior thigh/groin region
femoral
Which pulse is located on the popliteal fossa
popliteal
Which pulse is located on the dorsum of the foot next to the TA tendon
dorsalis pedis
Which pulse is located posterior to the medial malleolus
posterior tibialis
Peripheral artery disease or arterial insufficiency is associated with _______
atherosclerosis
PAD prevalence (increase/decrease) with age
increase
What are the 4 risk factors for developing PAD
age
smoking
hyperlipidemia
diabetes
What is allen’s test testing?
arterial insufficiency in the radial and ulnar arteries
Is this intermittent claudication or neurogenic claudication
Calf pain or general LE pain
intermittent
Is this intermittent claudication or neurogenic claudication
Induced by LE exercise
intermittent
Is this intermittent claudication or neurogenic claudication
Relieved by rest within 10 minutes. Not so much by change is position
intermittent
Is this intermittent claudication or neurogenic claudication
Caused by ischemia 2 degrees to LE PAD
intermittent
Is this intermittent claudication or neurogenic claudication
Can be calf, thigh, hip pain
neurogenic
Is this intermittent claudication or neurogenic claudication
Usually induced by walking or prolonged standing
neurogenic
Is this intermittent claudication or neurogenic claudication
Relieved by changed of position, not so much by rest
neurogenic
Is this intermittent claudication or neurogenic claudication
Caused by neural compression 2 degrees to lumbar stenosis
neurogenic
What is normal range of ABI
1 to 1.1
What is a borderline ABI
0.91 - .99
What is an abnormal ABI
less than 0.9 or greater than 1.3
Low ABIs are usually due to ______ narrowing
arterial
High ABIs are due to _________ vessels or calcification
incompressible
______ insufficiency is a condition in which the flow of blood through the veins is impaired
venous
When your leg veins cannot move enough blood back to your heart, you have _____ venous insufficiency
chronic
Venous insufficiency is caused by what two things
obstruction of forward flow like a blood clot, or backward leakage of the vein like varicose veins
Is this a sign of arterial insufficiency or venous insufficiency
pulses diminished
arterial
Is this a sign of arterial insufficiency or venous insufficiency
Skin color pale on elevation; dusky red on dependency
arterial
Is this a sign of arterial insufficiency or venous insufficiency
edema mild to none
arterial
Skin changes are thin, shiny, loss of hair over toes, nails thickened
arterial
Is this a sign of arterial insufficiency or venous insufficiency
ulceration involves points of trauma
arterial
Is this a sign of arterial insufficiency or venous insufficiency
gangrene may develop
arterial
Is this a sign of arterial insufficiency or venous insufficiency
pulses normal
venous
Is this a sign of arterial insufficiency or venous insufficiency
skin color normal to brown pigmentation
venous
Is this a sign of arterial insufficiency or venous insufficiency
Edema present, often marked
venous
Is this a sign of arterial insufficiency or venous insufficiency
skin changes are often brown pigmentation
venous
Is this a sign of arterial insufficiency or venous insufficiency
ulceration if present, at sides of ankle, especially medial
venous
Is this a sign of arterial insufficiency or venous insufficiency
no gangrene
venous
