Final Only - Weller - STDs Flashcards
Bacterial STIs? 5
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Syphilis
Chlamydia trachomatis
Chancroid
Klebsiella
Viral STIs?
HIV
Genital warts/HPV
Herpes Viruses
Hep B
Hep C
Parasitic STIs?
Trichomonas vaginalis
Sarcoptes scabiei
Syndromes from STIs?
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Epididymis
What is urethritis?
Inflammation of urethra
-Common STIs in men
What is cervicitis?
Inflammation of the uterine cervix
What causes gonorrhea?
Neisseria gonorrhoaea
-G- diplodocus bacteria
—70-80% male to female transition and 20-30% female to male transition
What are symptoms of gonorrhea?
Asymptomatic to mildly symptomatic
Men
-Gonococcal urethritis is the most common manifestation of symptomatic infection
Women
-Discharge, abnormal bleeding, anorectal discomfort
What is the gold standard for dx of gonorrhea?
Tx?
Culture or PCR
Ceftriaxone, Cefpodoxime, Ciprofloxacin, Cefixime
What is chlamydia trachomatis?
Obligate intracellular bacteria - G- bacterium
PCR test
Tx - Azithromycin or doxycycline
What is haemophilus ducreyi?
G- coccobacillus
PCR is gold standard
Tx - Azithromycin, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Erythromycin
Tell me about syphilis.
Caused by spirochete Treponema pallidum
-Acquired sexually
Symptoms
- Primary - Chancre
- Secondary - Rash, swollen glands
Detection
-PCR
Tx
-Penicillin G benzathine
Tell me about Klebsiella granulomatis.
G-, rod-shaped bacterium
Symptoms (Usually in genitals)
- Bleeding ulcers
- Raised irregular edge of ulcer
- Necrotic bad smell
- Sclerotic lesion
Detection
- Donovan bodies
- PCR
Tx
-Azithromycin, erythromycin, doxycycline
Tell me about Trichomonas vaginalis.
Flagellated parasite
*Accounts for almost half of all curable STDs worldwide
Symptoms
-Infectious vaginitis
Features
- Wet mount
- PCR
Tx
-Single dose of metronidazole
Tell me about sarcoptes scabiei.
Itch mite
Symptoms
-Itching and no sleep
Features
-Burrows seen on skin scrapings
Tx
-5% permethrin cream
Tell me about genital warts.
HPV
*100 different types
Symptoms
- Burning, itching, pain, and fullness
- Many pts are asymptomatic
Tx
- Surgery
- Liquid nitrogen
- Podofilox, podophyllin resin
Tell me about herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.
HSV-1 - Cold sores - 80% of population are carriers
HSV-2 - Genital herpes
Symptoms
-Primary Infection at mucosal site of inoculation w/ retrograde infection. Following resolution of primary infection, HSV remains in a latent state w/ intermittent reactivation at mucosal sites
Features
-PCR
Tx
- Antiviral therapy for initial genital herpes
- Daily suppressive therapy reduces frequency of recurrences
T/F - HSV-2 and HIV are not on the CDC reportable infectious disease list. Gonorrhea and chlamydia are.
TRUE
What are these viruses?
Human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1 and 2)
Hep C
Hep B (Hep D)
CMV
EBV
Molluscum contagiosum virus
Other sexually transmitted viruses
What is PID?
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Tell me about PID.
From N gonorrhoeae and C trachomatis
Symptoms
-Ascends from cervix or vagina to involve the endometrium and/or Fallopian tubes
—Infection can extend beyond the reproductive tract
Tx
-Ceftriaxone, doxycycline, metronidazole
Tell me about epididymitis.
C trachomatis, n gonorrhoae
Symptoms
-Unilateral scrotal pain, tenderness, swelling, fever
Tx
-Ceftriaxone and then doxycycline
Syphilis
Incubation period?
Early primary lesion?
No. Of lesions?
9-90 days
Papule
1
Herpes
Incubation period?
Early primary lesion?
No. Of lesions?
2-7 days
Vesicle
Multiple
Chancroid
Incubation period?
Early primary lesion?
No. Of lesions?
1-14 days
Pustule
Usually multiple and they may coalesce
Donovanosis
Incubation period?
Early primary lesion?
No. Of lesions?
1-4 weeks (up to 6 months)
Papule
Variable
AIDS is from what?
HIV 1 an d2
Urethritis in males is from what?
N gonorrhoeae, c trachomatis, HSV, Mycoplasma genitalum, T vaginalis
Epididymitis cause by?
C trachomatis, n gonorrhoeae
Cystitis caused by?
C trachomatis, n gonorrhoeae, HSV
Mucopurulent cervicitis is caused by?
C trachomatis, N gonorrhoeae, M genitalum
Ulcerative lesions on the genitals is caused by?
HSV1, HSV2, treponema pallidum, haemophilus dcureyi, c trachomatis, klebsiella
Genital and anal warts caused by what?
HPV
Scabies is caused by?
Sarcoptes scabiei
Tell me about oral gonorrhea.
Usually acquired via oral sex
May be asymptomatic or as sore throat
Rarely, small ulcers and mucosal erythema may occur in pts w/ pharyngeal gonorrhea infection
Oral syphilis?
Fissured papules, wart like lesions
—Multiple spirochetes are found in the lesions
T/F - Congenital syphilis can alter tooth and oral cavity development.
TRUE
