Final Only - Weller - HAI Flashcards
What are HAIs?
Healthcare Associated Infections
-Infections associated w/ healthcare delivery in any setting
What are nosocomial infections?
Infections acquired in hospitals
Ambulatory care?
Facility that provides health care to pts who do NOT remain overnight
-Dental practices
What is colonization?
Presence of a microorganism on/in a host with growth and multiplication of the organism, but w/o interaction b/t host and organism
Carrier - Individual which is colonized
What is infection?
Presence and dev of an infectious agent in a human or animal body, whether or not it develops into a disease
What is a subclinical or unapparent infection?
Presence of microorganism and interaction b/t host and microorganism
4 routes of transmission?
Direct contact with blood, oral fluids, or other pt materials
Indirect contact with contaminated objects (Instruments, equipment, or environmental)
Contact of conjunctival, nasal, or oral mucosa w/ droplets
Inhalation of airborne microorganisms that can remain suspended in the air for long periods
What are 5 conditions for transmission?
Pathogenic organism must be sufficiently virulent
Reservoir or source that allows the pathogen to survive and multiply
Mode of transmission from source to the host
Portal of entry thru which the pathogen can enter the host
Susceptible host
What is the chain of infection?
Mode of transmission
Portal of entry
Susceptible host
Infectious agent
Reservoir
Portal of exit
Mode of transmission
T/F - Assume all bodily fluids are infectious.
TRUE
Tell me some sources of things causing HAI.
Exogenous
Endogenous
Pathogenic
Commensalism
Multi-drug resistant organisms
Most common sites of HAI?
Central line-associated bloodstream infection
Catheter-associated urinary tract infection
Surgical site infections
Ventilator-associated events
Most common types of HAI?
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus bacteremia
Clostridium difficile infection
Name important PPE.
Gloves
Isolation gowns
Masks
Goggles
What is the primary source of microorganisms for dental water quality?
Municipal water supply
