Final-old test Flashcards
the amino group of amino acids is incorporated into a nitrogenous waste called
urea
the portion of the neuron that contains the majority of the cytoplasm, nucleus and organelle
axon
which of the following is a characteristic of cardiac muscle fibers
they are involuntary
compared to cardiac muscle fibers, skeletal muscle fibers
are voluntary
which of the following is not a step in the formation of urine
micurition
secretion takes place in the
the renal tubule
which of the following is not a function of the kidneys
production of epinphrine
the blood filtering structure of the kidney is called
glomerulus
the urine forming units of the kidney are the
nephron
which of the following factors contributes to the higher filtration rate in the glomerular compared with other capillary beds
(all of above)
a. the glomerular capillaries are sinosoidal
b. the diameter of the efferent arteriole is smaller than the diameter of the afferent arteriole
c. the visceral layer of the glomerular capsule is impermeable to fluids and solutes
which of the following process in urine formation is most important for regulating blood Ph
secretion
which of the following constitutes a nitrogenous wast component of urine that is a product of muscle catablism
creatinine
which of the following is not a nitrogenous waste produced during direct phosphorlation of ADP during muscle metabolism
a. lactic acid
b. uric acid
c. urea
d. creatine
(all of these)
which of the following processes results in the removal of nitrogenous group from aminio acids
deamination
the majority of reabsorpiton during urine formation occurs in the
renal tubule
the sympathetic division is part of which of these
autonomic nervous system
a general neurotransmitter involved in brain function and perception of pain is
acetylcholine
diploid bodily cells are called
somatic cells
which of the following is a nociceptor
pain receptor
which of the following is a nociceptor
pain receptor
which of the following is not a neurotransmitter
acetylcholine esterase
which of the following is an example of an autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by a missing/malformed chloride ion transport protien
cystic fibrosis
siter chromatids are formed after
cell divsion
when ______ are stimulated oxytocin is secreted, which initiates uterine contraction and mammary gland ejection of milk
papillae of breast
which of the following pairs of hormones plays regulatory roles in ovulation in females and sperm production in males?
FSH and LH
at which fo the following does the chromosome number become reduced from diploid to haploid
cytokinesis
the state of the embryo development characterized by the invagination of cells which ultimately produce the coelom, the fundamental emryonic layers and the beginnings of the GI tract and digestive stystem orgains is called
blastulation
an intensely painful stimulus would be detected by
the dendrites of a nociceptor
as spermatogenic cells differentiate into mature sperm, they migrate towards ….
the lumen of the sueminiferous tubule
as spermatids develop into mature sperm cells, they produce a motility structure called the
flagellum
the energy generating region of a mature sperm cell is called the
mid piece
the implantation of the zygote into tissue outside the endometrium is called….
ectopic pregnancy
the mitochondria are sometimes referred to as the ___ of the cell.
refineries
the acrosome of a mature sperm cell contains
hydrolytic enzymes
which of the following id dioplid
primary oocytes
the central nervous system include;
the brain and spinal cord only
the peripheral nervous system contains how many functional divisions?
3
in addition to the kidneys, which other organs also play a role in metabolic waste removal
lungs and skin
the sensory division fo the periperhal nervous is also called the
afferent divsion
the enteric division of the peripheral nervous system is also called the
visceral divsion
nephrons are composed of
(all of these)
a. glomeruli
b. the bowmans capsule
c renal tubules
which of the following produces and releases gonadotropin0 releasing hormone
hypothalamus
which of the following are the effectors of the somatic nervous system
skeletal muscles
the loop of henle is part of the
renal tubule
hormones regulate the changes in the uterus. the inner uterine lining prior to menstraution of implation becomes highly vascularized and supplied with _______ as an energy source that would be needed if implantation occurs
glycogen
what is the major difference between spermatogensis and oogensis
oogensis results in the formation of one viable oocyte whereas spermatogensis results in the formation of four viable sperm
an ovulated oocyte is
haploid
the layer of the uterine wall the become highly vascularized and thickened in preparation of the implantation of a egg is is called the
endometrium
in the process of maintaining pH balance by the urinary system, which of the following ions is reabsorbed in the order to attract more hydrogen ions to lower the PH when the blood become too alkaline
chloride
the autonomic nervous system regulates which of the followin
smooth and cardiac muscles as well as glands
crystalline forms of this nitrogenous waste can cause kidney stones and gout
uric acid
beginning with one oogonium, the processes of oogenesis and fertilization results in the total formation of
1 zygote and 3 polar bodies
what happens to the corpus luteum if feritilization of the egg Does NOT occur
it degenerates and turn whites
what happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization of the egg does occur?
it persists and produces hormones until the placenta is formed
the type of neurolgial cells found lining cavities of the brain and spinal cord are called
ependymal cells
the nitrogenous waste product of amino acid deamination is called
ammonia
the female gametogenic cell produced following meiosis I is called a
secondary oocyte
primary active transport
uses atp to transport ions into and out of cells against a concentration gradient
secondary active transport
uses ATP to establish and electrochemical concdntration gradient that concentrates substances
abducens
lateral eye movement, “ away from”
accessory nerve
also called the sinal accessory nerve
facial
mixed nerve with five branches
glossopharngeal nerve
mixed, innervates the toungue and throat
hypoglossal nerve
innervates region below the toungue
occularmotor
eye movement
olfactory
smell
optic
vision
vestibulocochlear
also called the auditory nerve
vagus
“wander’
Which of the following is the correct ordering of catabolic pathway necessary for complete oxidation of glucose to carbon dioxide and water
glycolysis, transisiton, krebs cycle, electron transport, chemiosmosis
breathing in such a way that passive, quite breathing occurs is called
eupnea
certain types of “mini or warning storkes’ are TIA (transient ischemic attacks) in the context of this type of ‘spell’ or ‘event’, the term ‘transient means;
temporary
the type of lung transplant that involves transplantation fo one lung at a time, thus mimimizing the amount of time the patient spends on a heart- lung bypass machine is called an
bilateral single lung transplant
patients who suffer from cyctic fibrosis usually have to take supplemental enzymes to break down lipids, peptides and stargches, these enzymes are normally secreted by whic of the following organs
the pancreas
which of the following types of tissue is always avascular
epithelial tissue
what would be disorder that yo uwould see swelling of body tissue due to fluid accumulation that may be demostrated by applying pressure to the swollen area
pitting edema
the production of ATP by chemiosmosis most closely resembles with the following transport types
facilitated diffusion
the name of cebral vascular disease described in the last case study of hte year was “moyamoya” the workd means
puff of smoke
red- green colorblindness is inherited as which of the following?
sex- linked recessive trait
epithelia
derived from the mesencyme cell of the mesoderm
connective
broad, flat cells with extension into intracellular matrix
muscluar
contractile and extensible cells
nervous
microgial cells