Final notes

Question 1

How to find charge?

Answer 1

Charge (coloumbs)= current x time

Question 2

What does one faraday equal?

Answer 2

96,000 coloumbs or 1 mole of electrons

Question 3

Burning in oxygen?

Answer 3

Magnesium- bright white flame, white powder

Carbon- orange/yellow flame, acidic

Sulfur- pale blue flame, acidic

Question 4

Cation flame test?

Answer 4

Lithium- red
Sodium- yellow/orange
Pottassium- lilac
Calcium- brick red

Question 5

Coloured precipitate when sodium hydroxide added?

Answer 5

Copper (II)- blue
Iron (II)- sludge green
Iron (III)- brown

Question 6

What happens when an ammonium compound is added to sodium Hydroxide?

Answer 6

Ammonia produced, Turns red litmus paper blue

Question 7

What do carbonates give off with hcl?

Answer 7

Carbon Dioxide

Question 8

What happens when sulphates are added to barium chloride?

Answer 8

White precipitate

Question 9

What colour precipitates are there when halides are added to silver Nitrate?

Answer 9

Chlorine- white
Bromine- cream
Iodide- yellow

Question 10

How to do electrolysis half equation at cathode?

Answer 10

Positive ion + electron = neutral atom

Question 11

How to do electrolysis half equation at anode?

Answer 11

Negative ion = neutral atom + electron

Question 12

Conditions for Ethene + steam = Ethanol?

Answer 12

300 degrees
60-70 amps
Phosphoric acid catalyst

Question 13

Conditions for fermentation reaction ( glucose= ethanol)

Answer 13

30 degrees

Yeast containing zymase as catalyst

Question 14

Conditions for dehydration reaction, Ethanol= ethene + water?

Answer 14

Aluminium oxide catalyst

Question 15

Extracting Aluminium equation at cathode?

Answer 15

AL3+ + 3E- = AL

Question 16

Extracting Aluminium equation at anode?

Answer 16

202- = O2 + 4E-

Expensive due to heating, and replacing anode, as it reacts with oxygen

Question 17

Main products in extracting iron?

Answer 17

Iron ore (oxide)- contains iron
Coke- contains carbon
Limestone- takes away impurities

Question 18

What’s cracking hydrocarbons?

Answer 18

Done as smaller hydrocarbons required, vapourised hydrocarbons passed over alumina or silica catalyst at 600-700 degrees

Question 19

What’s an addition polymer?

Answer 19

Alkenes, put under high pressure, turning them into a polymer

Question 20

What’s a condensastion polymer?

Answer 20

Monomer + monomer = Condensastion monomer + water

Question 21

Uses of polymers?

Answer 21

Poly ethene- plastic bags
Poly propene- kettles
Poly chloroehtene - insulation for electric pipes

Question 22

Haber process?

Answer 22

N2 + 3H2 (reversible) 3NH3

Nitrogen from air
Hydrogen from natural gas

450 degrees
200 amp
iron catalyst

Question 23

Contact process conditions?

Answer 23

450 degrees
2 amps
vanadium oxide catalyst

Question 24

Uses of products from electrolysis of Brine (NACL)?

Answer 24

Chlorine- bleach
Hydrogen- Haber process
Sodium Hydroxide- Soap

Question 25

Colours when haldies displaced?

Answer 25

Bromide= orange
iodide= brown

Question 26

Making soluble salts with acid and insoluble base?

Answer 26

Grind up insolouble base

Add insoluble base to acid, stir, base dissolves, know when it’s done because excess dolid sinks to bottom

Filter soloution

Wash soloution with distilled water

Evaporate

Leave to dry

Put in drying oven