final lecture 5

Question 1

osteoporosis contributing factors

Answer 1

genetics, diet, lifestyle, hormones, diseases, meds

Question 2

bone mineral density is commonly expressed as

Answer 2

T score which compares to average

Question 3

normal BMD

Answer 3

T score between +1 & -1

Question 4

osterpenia

Answer 4

T score between -1 & -2.5

Question 5

osteoporosis

Answer 5

t score <2.5

Question 6

OP is more common in

Answer 6

women

Question 7

heterogenous disease divided into 3 categories

Answer 7

postmenopausal, age-related, secondary

Question 8

most common secondary cause

Answer 8

glucocorticoid therapy

Question 9

bone remodeling

Answer 9

breakdown & renewal of bone; requires 3-4 months to complete

Question 10

osteoclasts

Answer 10

degrade bone
acid pH dissolves hydroxyapatite crystals
enzymes degrade the collagen & other extracellular fibers

Question 11

osteoblasts

Answer 11

build bone

secrete OSP->inhibits osteoclasts

Question 12

postmenopausal OP

Answer 12

due to increased bone resorption due to estrogen deficiency

Question 13

secondary causes of Op

Answer 13

glucocorticoids, heparin, TH, anticonvulsants, disease

Question 14

kyphosis

Answer 14

exaggerated posterior curvature of the thoracic spin(round back)
associate w/ respiratory & GI complcations

Question 15

lordosis

Answer 15

exaggerated anterior curvature of the lumbar & cervical regions of the spine

Question 16

most common fractures

Answer 16

vertebral

Question 17

worst fractures

Answer 17

hip

Question 18

two mechanisms that take Ca up across intestine

Answer 18

vitamin D dependent active transport & facilitated diffusion

Question 19

reabsorption of Ca regulated by

Answer 19

PTH

raises plasma Ca

Question 20

osteoclasts ___ a PTH receptor

Answer 20

do not have