Final: Judaism

Question 1

“He who strives with god”. Name given to Jacob after wrestling with angel and being blessed.

Answer 1

yisra’el/Israel

Question 2

Gods spirit, responsible for the theophanies.

Answer 2

Shekhinah

Question 3

The law, the teachings, or the first 5 books of the bible

Answer 3

Torah

Question 4

“The anointed one”. One who is anointed by God for a special purpose. Term originated in the context of kings.

Answer 4

Messiah

Question 5

World for the Jewish scriptures/bible, made up of an acronym from its elements; the Torah, the Nevi’im, and the Kethuvim

Answer 5

Tenakh

Question 6

“Commandments”. A good deed that allows you to grow in righteousness. You get merit.

Answer 6

Mitzvah/Mitzvot

Question 7

The Rabbinic Tradition (“Oral Torah”). A secondary body of literature that was commentary on the scripture.

Answer 7

Talmud

Question 8

One of The 5 Sects

Jewish sect consisting of ruling class, priests, nobilility. Did not want any Roman influence. They were waelthy and had the most to lose so they cooperated with the Romans.

Answer 8

Sadducees

Question 9

One of The 5 Sects

Jewish sect consisting of rabbis/teachers, scribes, and liberal followers. Allowed influence from other cultures in order to be able to interpret the law better. Cooperated with Romans.

Answer 9

Pharisees

Question 10

One of The 5 Sects

Jewish sect consisting of pietist critics, ascetic seperatists. Thought the Sadducees and Pharisees were selling out by cooperating with the Romans, but knew they could not win against them. Moved to live in the desert and led ascetic lifestyles.

Answer 10

Essenes

Question 11

One of The 5 Sects

Jewish sect consisting of political radicals. Thought they shouldnt cooperate with the Romans and made many political uprisings.

Answer 11

Zealots

Question 12

One of The 5 Sects

Jewish sect consisting of decsendants from the Northern Kingdom. Every other group hated them. Claimed to be ‘real jews’, werent conidered jewish anyway

Answer 12

Samaritans

Question 13

“Scattering” Scatter from homeland to ither places, spreading their culture as they go.

Answer 13

Diaspora

Question 14

(Coming together) (teaching). Place of Jewish worship.

Answer 14

Synagogue

Question 15

Small black box worn on the forehead and arm (attached by leather straps) of very orthodox male jewas during prayer. The straps are worn on the left arm with the box facing inward because that is considered closest to the heart. Done in obiedience to what God says in Deutoronomy 11:18. Inside the boxes are litte scrolls with Torah laws on them.

Answer 15

Phylacteries/Tefillin

Question 16

“Daughter/Son of the commandments”. When you reach the age of puberty (12 for girls, 13 for boys), you are then considered an adult in the community and you are responsible for following the law. Read certain passages from the scripture, and are welcomed into the community as an adult. Coming of age ceremony

Answer 16

Bat/Bar Mitzvah

Question 17

Holy Day

Celebrates the exodus of the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt. Represents god passing over the Israelites that smeared blood on doorways, but also passing over a state of slavery to a state of freedom. When the second temple was still there, Jews would go to Jerusalem to celebrate this. Involves meal consisting of representative food, apple mixture for mortor of bricks, flat bread, salt water for tears of slaves, bitter herbs for bitterness of slavery.

Answer 17

Pesach/Passover

Question 18

Holy Day

Festival celebrating the giving of the Torah to the Israelits on Mount Sinai. Happens 50 days after Passover. Traditionally celebrated with sweet dairy foods and decorations of greenery. (marriage to god symbolism, taking the Jewish peopleas his wife, Moses going up the mountian and greenery appearing after each step he took.)

Answer 18

Shavuot

Question 19

Holy Day

“Festival of Booths”. Occurs around the fall harvest. Recalls when the Jews were living in the wilderness and god made it rain down heavenly bread (Manna), training them to trust him. Reminds the people of when they were living in tents and depended on God entirely for their livlihood. Jews will build tents/booths and eat all their meals there during the festival. Reminder that you need God.

Answer 19

Sukkoth

Question 20

Holy Day

Happens aroundthe winter solstice. Celebrates the rededication of the temple after the Maccabean (Hasmonian) Revolt against the selucids (168-165 BCE). Did not have enough oil for the rededication ceremony but miraculously the oil burned for 9 days. Each day of this you light one candle for 9 days.

Answer 20

Hanukkah

Question 21

Holy Day

The first of 10 days. The New Year, celebrated in mid to late September with sweet things such as apples dipped in honey; pray to god for sweet blessings in the new year, and pomegrante, representing the seeds of the Torah (613 Mitzvot)

Answer 21

Rosh Hashanah

Question 22

Holy Day

The day of atonement. Begings with the sounding of the Shofar (rams horn) which has a somber sound. The days between Rosh Hahasanah and this day are called The Days of Awe which focus on the reflection upon ones conscience and asking forgiveness for anything you did over the past year that wasnt good. On the day of atonement, the Jewish people would project their sins onto a goat and then send the goat into the wilderness, carrying the sins if the people with it. Known as the Scapegoat.

Answer 22

Yom Kippur

Question 23

Holy Day

Friday sunset-Saturday sunset every week. Commemorates gods day of rest on the 7th day. Looks forward to rest/completion of creation in the End Time. Begings with mother of family lighting candles to welcome the warmth of the Sabbath into the household. Mother will wave her hand in front of the candles, welcoming the warmth , and then they will close their eyes, welcoming the Sabbath. Really orthodox families will have what is called a Sabbath Goi (gentile) who do the work they cant on the Sabbath. Cannot light fires, start cars, push buttons or do anything thats sparks flame. More important than not working.

Answer 23

Sabbat/Sabbath

Question 24

Father of the Faith. God calls him ans says “Go Forth From the Homeland’. Go to a land i will lead you to and that will beb your land. The Promise of Blessing, God says im going to make you the father of a great nation. He was 100 when this happened. Father of Isaac and Ishmael. Was willing to sacrifice Isaac for god (the binding of Isaac).

Answer 24

Abraham

Question 25

The second son of Abraham, mothered by Sarah. Abraham was willing to sacrifice him for god. Father to Jacob.

Answer 25

Isaac

Question 26

The son of Isaac. Angel comes to him at night and wrestles with him all night, he begins overtaking the angel and just before dawn the angel tells him to let him go. He says he will not let the angel go until he blesses him. The angel blesses him with the name “yisra’el”. All people who come from him are known as people who strive with god (Israelites). He has 12 sons and 1 daughter, sons known as the 12 tribes of Israel as they are the sons through whom the lineage descends.

Answer 26

Jacob

Question 27

Born an Israelite byt hidden by his mother and he is found by the daughter of the Phararoh who raises him as an Egyptian. He leaves the city and is a shepard in the countryside when he sees the burning bush not being consumed (theophany). God speaks to him from the bush and tells him to tell the Phararoh to let his people go. He parts the red sea and frees the Israelites, leads them to Mount Sinai where he recieves the law ( the 10 commandments on tablets). He dies just before reaching the covenant land, gets to the top and then dies as he did not have faith when God first told him to go to the Phararoh.

Answer 27

Moses