Final - Issacs Flashcards
question to asks pts in pain?
PQRSTU palliative/precipitating quality region severity time U - impact on U....
what are the physiological changes seen in a patient who is in pain
dilated pupils (mydriasis) paleness sweating tachycardia tachypnea
wong baker pain scale is described how and is for who?
its the faces
and for young kids
FLACC scale stands for what? and is used for who?
FLACC = Face, legs, activity, cry, and consolability
is for infants or unconscious people
Non-Pharm Options for Pain
CORRECT UNDERLYING CAUSE!! (Surgery or avoidance) RICE (rest/ice/compression/elevation) Psychotherapy/behavioral modifications Massage Acupncture Physical Therapy
________ made an analgesic ladder for pharm treatment options
WHO - World health organization
how many steps are in the WHO analgesic ladder
3
what is step 1 in the WHO analgesic ladder
non opioid +/- adjuvant analgesic
what is step 2 in the WHO analgesic ladder
opioid for mild - moderate pain + non-opioid +/- adjuvant analgesic
what is step 3 in the WHO analgesic ladder
opioid for moderate to severe pain +/= adjuvant analgesic
PRN or Scheduled analgesics minimize exposure to limit toxicity
PRN (only treating when pain is above a threshold)
PRN or Scheduled analgesics may be a better option in chronic/continual pain
scheduled…
What are the non-opioid analgesics
NSAIDs and APAP
Adjuvants – aka for Neuropathic Therapies
- Gabapentinoids
- SNRIs
- TCAs
- Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
NSAIDs or APAP is the gold standard for OA in geriatric patients? and why?
APAP! because fewer side effects in geriatric patients
Patients with liver disease can or cannot take APAP?
can!
limit is < 2G/day though
APAP Peds dosing?
10 - 15 mg/kg PO Q4H prn
Ibuprofen doing for peds?
5 - 10 mg/kg PO Q6H prn
NSAIDs or APAP have a black box warning for increased cardiovascular events?
NSAIDs
NSAIDs or APAP?
leads to fluid retention
NSAIDs
increased CV events!!
NSAIDs or APAP?
causes hepatoxicity
APAP
If patient has hx of cardiac history, can you still use topical NSAIDs?
yes
topical is ok, systemic is less ok
why do we titrate gabapentinoids?
to limit sedation
ADEs of SNRIs
HTN
Sedation
HA
weakness