final exam vocab

Question 1

atrophy

Answer 1

decrease in cell size

Question 2

hypertrophy

Answer 2

increase in cell size

Question 3

metaplasia

Answer 3

mature cells growing where they shouldn’t

Question 4

dysplasia

Answer 4

immature cells growing where they shouldn’t

Question 5

hyperplasia

Answer 5

increase in size of an organ because there is too much cell growth

Question 6

neoplasia

Answer 6

• formation of new, abnormal cells
• can be benign or malignant

Question 7

apoptosis

Answer 7

normal, planned cell death

Question 8

necrosis

Answer 8

• unplanned death of tissue
• can lead to gangrene

Question 9

ischemia

Answer 9

an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles

Question 10

infarction

Answer 10

obstruction of the blood supply to an organ or region of tissue, typically by a thrombus or embolus, causing local death of the tissue

Question 11

keloid

Answer 11

overgrowth of scar tissue, hyperplasia

Question 12

contracture

Answer 12

a condition of shortening and hardening of muscles, tendons, or other tissue, often leading to deformity and rigidity of joints

Question 13

dehiscence

Answer 13

the splitting or bursting open of a wound

Question 14

evisceration

Answer 14

rare but severe surgical complication where the surgical incision opens (dehiscence) and the abdominal organs then protrude or come out of the incision (evisceration)

Question 15

stricture

Answer 15

A narrowing or constriction of the lumen of a tube, duct, or hollow organ such as the esophagus, ureter, or urethra

Question 16

fistula

Answer 16

an abnormal connection between an organ, vessel, or intestine and another organ, vessel or intestine, or the skin

Question 17

adhesion

Answer 17

an abnormal union of membranous surfaces due to inflammation or injury.