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Christian Scriptures > Final Exam Study Guide > Flashcards

Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards

0
Q

How early Jewish apocalypticism started

A

Began in second temple period
Apocalyptic writing in apocrypha, pseudoprigrapha, and Dead Sea Scrolls
Part of biblical interpretation and reflection
Influenced by Persian, Greek, and Roman apocalyptic religions
Came out of need for increased hope in political turmoil

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1
Q

Josephus

A

Wrote history of Jews from creation to contemporary
Hired by Romans, so from roman point of view
BEST SOURCE FOR UNDERSTANDING THE SECOND TEMPLE PERIOD

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2
Q

Influence of Alexander the Great on Christianity

A
  1. 1st multiculturalist– intermarriage
  2. Myoptic about religion (wanted 1 combination religion for everyone)
  3. Wanted 1 government
  4. Imposed 1 language (koine)
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3
Q

Rome’s 4 major changes to the Jewish religion and Christian world

A
  1. Pax Romana (MVP)= peace of Rome, immunity for roman citizens out of fear of Rome (ex. Paul)
  2. Power from ability to administrate= est. Of governors and the 1st man in Rome (Pilot)
  3. Engineering= aqueducts, roads, bath houses, sewage systems, ect.
  4. Communication through ROADS
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4
Q

Rome’s influences on Christianity

A

Crucifixion= MVP sign of roman power

In 2nd Temple Period, Jews wanted to define themselves AGAINST Greco-Roman religion
Manna: primitive belief that there were powers in world not meant to be messed with
Philosophical: believed gods were fickle, began trusting in the mind
Mystery cults

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5
Q

Features of early Jewish apocalypticism

A
  1. Binary (good v. evil)
  2. Pervasive (present everywhere)
  3. Corresponds with political domination of Israel by foreign powers
  4. Transition: vision of future described through dreams of God’s glorious intervention

Hope for world only from God’s divine intervention
Looking for dramatic reversal by God

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6
Q

2nd Temple Period sources

A

Apocrypha
Pseudoprigrapha
Dead Sea Scrolls

Shows Jews were reflecting on scripture to establish their identity
Needed to establish an identity because of loss of sovereignty (through loss of land and loss of temples)
Reflection= new way to “go home”

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7
Q

3 types of divine agents

A
  1. Patriarchs and matriarchs back from the dead
  2. Special agents
    a. Ex. Grpabriel, Michael, Angels (even made random words Angels)
    b. Developed in 2nd Temple Period along with beliefs in hell, multiplicity of being, and Satan
  3. Personified attributes of God
    a. MVP examples: glory, power, holiness, wisdom
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8
Q

Hardest divine agent to understand

A

Personified attributes of God

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9
Q

What do divine agents do?

A
  1. Helped create the world
  2. Help in times of need
  3. INSTRUMENTS THROUGH WHICH GOD DESTROYS EVIL AND ESTABLISHES THE KINGDOM OF GOD
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10
Q

Problem associated with divine agents

A

Because they are described like God, people thought they were God
Problem of worshipping divine agents contradicted monotheism
Ex. Luke 9 with transfiguration and Moses and Elijah

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11
Q

Relationship between Jewish view of divine agents and Jesus

A

Jesus was pictured similar to a divine agent BUT CHRISTIANS WORSHIPPED HIM AS GOD
Jesus breeched a new wall

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12
Q

Crux of the New Testament

A

Christians worshipping Jesus as God

Is the transformation from Judaism to Christianity
Jesus breeched a new wall
Ex. In a hymn before Jesus’s resurrection

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13
Q

Effect of the shift from Alexander the Great’s reign to roman rule

A

More change, more communication, dislocation
Tumultuous time period
Led to people seeking a guide for life with “experience” religions
Experiences became cure for social anxiety

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14
Q

Reflection of “experience” religions on Jews in 2nd Temple Period

A 
Experiences= cure for social anxiety under roman rule AND from the tension between prophetic hope and apocalyptic hope 
Learned from Persians 
=People claiming PERSONAL revelations 
New experiences= NEW REVELATIONS
=throne visions
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15
Q

2nd Temple Period apocalypses were basically stories of…

A

How Jews were going to be NEWLY purchased by GOD

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16
Q

Throne visions

A

Like seeing a movie

Interpreted by DIVINE AGENTS (to usher in the Kingdom of God)

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17
Q

Tension between prophetic hope and apocalyptic hope came from…

A

The apocalyptic belief that God would bring about a NEW world, not a remade world

Old Testament looks to Day of the Lord
Apocalyptic writings look to God’s agent and judgement of evil

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18
Q

How was the tension between prophetic hope and apocalyptic hope increased?

A

Because Jesus “drank deeply” from both prophetic hope and apocalyptic hope, and, consequently, Christianity did too

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19
Q

How is the death and resurrection of Jesus apocalyptic

A

It’s a cosmic judgement of the old age AND an inauguration of the new age

“A kick in the pants”

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20
Q

Cultural anxiety affects…

A

BOTH prophetic hope and apocalyptic hope
= quest for solace
Spoke to the spirit

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21
Q

Images of Jesus

A

An improbable moment

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22
Q

The moment of divine revelation of Jesus’s true identity

A

His resurrection

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23
Q

_________ redeemed the cross

A

Jesus’s resurrection

Est. Christianity
Transforms the improbable to the focus of points to God’s purpose
Looks to sacrificial system of the Old Testament

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24
Q

Baptism in early Christianity

A

Was practiced by Jews already, BUT NOW it represented the death and resurrection of Jesus
Became symbol of God’s people
WAS AN EXPERIENCE
Crazy– like praying in the name of Allah in chapel

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25
Q

The Lord’s Supper in early Christianity

A

Symbol of a CHOICE to maintain a RELATIONSHIP with God
Recurring event
Bread= body
Wine= blood
BINDS PEOPLE TOGETHER
An intimate EXPERIENCE (a risky experience)

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26
Q

What binds the 2nd Temple Period and Christianity?

A

Jesus

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27
Q

Christians claimed that the Jewish story reached its climax with…

A

Jesus

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28
Q

Jesus’s deeds and words

A

They interpreted each other
Deeds: miracles and enacted parables
Words: parables, wise sayings, sermons

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29
Q

Exodus 3:14

A

“Yaweh”= “I am who I am”= “kurious” in Greek= “Lord”
Jesus (the) Christ (is) Lord
Earliest confession about Jesus

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30
Q

Philippians 2:5-9

A

Early Christian hymn that predicts the second coming of Christ

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31
Q

Best account of what we know about Jesus

A

Paul’s letters

Not the gospels.., = problem

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32
Q

2nd best account of life of Jesus

A

The Gospels

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33
Q

Synoptic gospels

A

Matthew
Mark
Luke

*not original disciples and not all present with Jesus

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34
Q

Synoptic problem:

A

Comes from the attempt to explain the similarities and differences between Matthew, Mark, and Luke

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35
Q

Markan priority

A

Belief that Mark= source of Matthew and Luke
Preferred hypothesis
Scholars assume Q is another source for Matthew and Luke

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36
Q

Q

A

Is german for “quella”
Assumed supplementary source for Matthew and Luke to support the Markan priority hypothesis
Agreed upon by 85% of scholars
Refers to content in Matthew and Luke only
SAYINGS ONLY
Was written after Mark
May have been written near time of Jesus
NOT the gospel of Thomas

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37
Q

Matthean Priority

A

Belief that Matthew= source for Mark and Luke
Because belief that Matthew was written first
Mark= “reader’s digest” version of Matthew

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38
Q

Gospel criticisms

A
  1. Source criticism
  2. Form criticism
  3. Redaction criticism
  4. Literary criticism
  5. Canon criticism
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39
Q

Source criticism

A

Explains sources of the gospels

MVP: Markan priority with Q
Segue to form criticism and synoptic problem

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40
Q

Form criticism

A

Form is appropriate to social location
Analogy: wedding invitation (the form is always the same)
Scholars saw the parables, wise sayings, miracles, controversial stories, travel narratives, and long sermons of the New Testament as DIFFERENT FORMS
Form relates to the life of the CHURCH

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41
Q

Church relates to ____, but does NOT relate to _____

A

Forms; Jesus

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42
Q

Redaction criticism

A

EDITORIAL
Because scholars saw synoptic problem and measured changes and differences between Matthew, Luke, and Q
Argument that Matthew and Luke wrote about things they were partial to
PURPOSE: to say what each gospel writer’s THEOLOGY is

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43
Q

Purpose of redaction criticism

A

To say what each gospel writer’s THEOLOGY is

Makes authors of the gospels theologians (like Paul and Jesus)

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44
Q

Characteristics of Luke’s Gospel

A 
Longest and has a literary preface 
Is a prequel to Acts 
Focuses more on women, Holy Spirit, and a specific view of time specific view of time 
Prioritized prayer 
Has MOST PARABLES 
Fewer sermons and miracles 
Chronological
Imaginative, not nonfiction 
GENTILE audience 
Believed what Jesus said and did MATTERED
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45
Q

Literary criticism

A

Study of Matthew for Mark’s sake

NOT to study the changes Matthew made

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46
Q

Canon criticism

A

Looks at ways in which the books of the New Testament form a choir

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47
Q

Interpretations of who Jesus was?

A
  1. Apocalyptic prophet who predicted binary end of the world
  2. Miracle worker (magician) like those in Greco-Roman culture
  3. Wise teacher
  4. Political revolutionary
  5. Figure seeking individual enlightenment (gnostic view)

*truth in all but only one image will suffice

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48
Q

3 word summary of Jesus’s identity

A
  1. Prophet
  2. Messiah
  3. Lord
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49
Q

Jesus as a prophet

A

Beginning category of understanding
Gives message of renewal for Israel
Tells Israel to be Israel and not to fall because Kingdom of God is HERE
Renewal is present from birth to last week of His life

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50
Q

Jesus as Messiah

A

Spoke openly of it in last week of His life
Jesus EMBODIES THE DESTINY OF ALL
“Messiah” does not necessarily mean “divine” (ex. Cyprus)

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51
Q

Jesus as Lord

A

Jesus spoke of it on the last day of His life
Not focused on prophet or messiah definition
CAUSES CHAOS
In Jesus, God becomes king (but God is still consistent in Old Testament and New Testament)
Jesus is God’s return to Zion
God raises Jesus

52
Q

Luke’s claims in Luke 1:1-4

A
  1. Aware that there are many accounts of the gospel
  2. Wrote is with care and intention
  3. His account is 100% truth (believes that other accounts “suffer” with getting the truth right)
  4. He got his info from primary sources
  5. Is in chronological order
  6. Writing to a GENTILE audience
  7. Writing to a church/believers
  8. Recognizes that he WROTE it, not just part of oral tradition
  9. His sources are coherent with the church’s
53
Q

Implications of the chronological order of Luke’s Gospel

A

Consecutive
Easy to understand
Teachable
Precise

54
Q

Anomaly of the Gospels

A

Generally think they tell the life of Jesus BUT 40% of the Gospels are just about the last week of His life with a main focus on the last day and about 60% covers the first 3 years of His life

Gospels were likely written backward

55
Q

2 defining characteristics of Christ’s story

A
  1. Is a Jewish narrative (with parables, teachings, and the Kingdom of God)
  2. Is an apocalypse (COSMIC, not national)
56
Q

12 points to the life of Jesus according to the Gospels

A
  1. Miraculous birth
  2. Childhood (only one story: Jesus rebuking teachers at the temple)
  3. Call to ministry
  4. Early ministry in Galilee
  5. Turning point (transfiguration)
  6. Journey to Jerusalem
  7. Last week
  8. Last Supper
  9. Garden of Gethsemane
  10. Arrested, trials and beatings
  11. Cross and crucifixion
  12. Quickly buried and risen
57
Q

Luke’s account of Jesus miraculous birth

A

Luke 1-2

Mary
Angels 
Nazareth
Shepherds
Temple
58
Q

Matthew’s account of Jesus miraculous birth

A 
Matthew 1-2
Joseph
Dreams 
Egypt
Magi
59
Q

3 aspects of Jesus’s call to ministry

A
  1. John the Baptist
  2. Jesus is baptized
  3. Jesus’s temptation
60
Q

John the Baptist told the Sadducees and Pharisees…

A

“Do not presume to say to yourselves that ‘we have Abraham as our father’”

Attack on the claim that they were saved by genetics
APOCALYPTIC
Not all of Israel is Israel– the wheat is beaten and the useless parts are separated and burned
Need REPENTANCE and BAPTISM for salvation

61
Q

Jesus’s baptism

A

Matthew 3:16
1st powerful experience of God by Jesus
God calls Jesus His Son
Part of prophetic call in ministry (as prophet, Messiah, and Lord)
Language central to apocalyptic vision
Confirmed by His temptation in the wilderness

Why?
Jesus has OUR sins
A reference to Genesis
JESUS IDENTIFYING WITH US

62
Q

Through His temptation in the wilderness, Jesus affirms that…

A

Evil is:

  1. Real
  2. Personal (concentrates down into a figure)
  3. Cosmic (present everywhere)
  4. What is wrong with the world
63
Q

4 MVPs to Jesus’s early ministry in Galilee

A
  1. Kingdom of God
  2. Kingdom enacted through miracles
  3. Training disciples
  4. Rising opposition
64
Q

4 dimensions of the Kingdom of God

A
  1. Political: Rome is not the true ruler of the world
  2. Spiritual: evil is present BUT is being defeated
  3. Social: Israel is called to stop messing around and be the people of God
  4. Personal: calls for a TRANSFORMATION of the human heart
65
Q

Pharisees

A

Jewish group in Jerusalem
Origins in the purity movement led by Judas Macabaes
Believed in resurrection and apocalyptic notion that you get your body back after death
Focused on religion
Ex. Saul (Paul before his conversion)

66
Q

Sadducees

A

Jewish group in Jerusalem
Origins in the purity movement led by Judas Macabaes
Ambivalent about afterlife
Kiss ups to Romans for political power

67
Q

Zealots

A

Wanted to kill Romans
Zealous for Jewish independence
Saccari= murders and assassins

68
Q

Essenes

A

“Pharisees on drugs”
Radicalization of purity movement
Believed Jews and Sadducees were the problem, not the Romans
Built Qumran community
Described by Josephus
Preserved and interpreted the bible apocalyptically
Believed God would judge Romans AND Jews

69
Q

Qumran

A

Community in inhospitable, desolate place
Est. By Essenes
Joined through baptism

70
Q

Transfiguration

A

“Turning point” in Jesus’s life according to the gospels
Jesus takes his 3 favorite disciplines to a mountain and they fall asleep
Tells them about his upcoming death
Transfiguration
3 disciples want to worship Jesus AND Moses and Elijah
Peter calls Jesus “Messiah”
Peter is told to keep quiet

71
Q

Jesus’s religious experiences

A
  1. His baptism

2. Garden of Gethsemane: “let this cup pass from me if it is Your will”

72
Q

Reasons for Jesus’s ARREST

A

Romans feared revolution

Jesus was preaching the Kingdom of God, not the kingdom of Caesar

73
Q

Jesus’s trials

A
  1. Brought to Annas
  2. Chiaphus (high priest) Sanhedron= high Jewish council of mainly Sadducees
  3. Pilot (Roman governor)
  4. Herod (sent to Herod because of citizenship)
  5. Back to Pilot
  6. Given out to Jews out of bargain
74
Q

Jesus’s convictions

A

Pilot found Him guilty of nothing
Pharisees and Sadducees remind Pilot that He’s not a “friend of Caesar”
Jews convicted him of BLASPHEMY (what really crossed the line)

75
Q

Meaning of the cross

A
  1. Death= exodus
  2. Life= ransom
  3. Is a remission of sin (sacrificial interpretation)
  4. Jesus substitutes sacrifice
  5. Voluntary
  6. Apocalyptic: discover deepest mysteries
76
Q

Characteristics of John

A
  1. Home at Jerusalem (home is Galilee in synoptic gospels)
  2. Jesus is enigmatic and cannot be pinned down (Jesus is linear in synoptic Gospels)
  3. “I am sayings”
  4. Miracles= signs
  5. Up and down (Jesus from above returns upwardly– apocalyptic)
  6. ETERNAL LIFE IS MVP instead of the Kingdom of God/Heaven
  7. Episodic
77
Q

Misinterpretations of Jesus

A
  1. Miracle worker
  2. Charismatic leader
  3. Social/cultural critic
  4. Political revolutionary
  5. Wisdom teacher
  6. Church’s Jesus
78
Q

Characteristics of Matthew

A
  1. Church believed it was written first because Eusebius wrote about it in the 4th century and said it was first
  2. Most JEWISH (proof: citation formulas on the life of Jesus)
  3. Links Jesus with Old Testament promises
  4. 5 long sermons (like the 5 books of the law)
  5. Jesus= 2nd lawgiver
  6. Uses Kingdom of Heaven language (to avoid blasphemy)
  7. Traces genealogy back to David
  8. Jesus= rabbi/teacher
  9. Jesus refers to 2nd coming as an appearance (“parousia”)
79
Q

5 long sermons in Matthew

A
  1. Sermon of the Mount
  2. How to be on a mission as disciples when they’re without Jesus
  3. Parable sermons (a collection)
  4. Community life
  5. Future
80
Q

Characteristics of Mark’s Gospel

A
  1. Intended for GENTILE audience
  2. Mark was disciple of Paul and Peter
  3. Shortest Gospel with only 1 long sermon
  4. Contains most MIRACLES (“per sq. ft.”)
  5. Not Genesis 12
  6. Very few parables
  7. Loves “eueus “ (“immediately”)– is a Gospel of action
  8. Only Gospel with Latin words (to explain Jewish custom, proof of gentile audience)
  9. Works backwards
  10. Not very apocalyptic
  11. Ends with Mark 16:8 and extended footnote
81
Q

Types of miracles

A 
1. Healing
    Ex. Fish and loaves 
2. Exorcism 
    Ex. Blind seeing
3. Nature 
    Ex. Casting out demons
82
Q

Messianic secret

A

Emphasized in Mark

After every healing, someone always cries, “You are the Christ, the Son of David,” and Jesus quiets them

83
Q

Peculiar is of Mark

A

Ends with Mark 16:8 and extended footnote
Looks like longer ending was added by the church to establish a more climatic ending
Harder/shorter ending is preferred
ONLY PLACE WITH MANUSCRIPT CONTROVERSY

84
Q

Luke focuses on

A
  1. Graciousness of God
  2. Dangers of disobedience
  3. Demands of discipleship
85
Q

Definition of miracles

A

Occurrence/deed that defies the laws of nature

86
Q

3 defining characteristics of miracles

A
  1. Faith= cooperation with the power of God (human/God interaction)
  2. Act of mercy by Jesus
  3. Confound and anger religion opposition
87
Q

3 purposes behind miracles

A
  1. Become living parables, defining who and what the Messiah is
  2. Demonstrate God’s power in Jesus
  3. Confirm that the Kingdom of God IS PRESENT
88
Q

Approaches to interpreting miracles

A
  1. Judge past by present (but is premature– like judging without evidence)
  2. Judge past (and present) by future (wait until end to judge)
89
Q

Relationship between words and deeds

A

Jesus teaches AND heals (teaches first)

Miracles reflect Kingdom of God

90
Q

Words

A

Sermons

Parables

91
Q

First sermon

A 
Luke 4:14-30
Jesus and why God sent Him
Isaiah 61 fulfilled 
Like jubilee 
Jewish narrative 
Apocalyptic (eschatological)
92
Q

Sermon on the Mount

A 
Matthew 5
Law on steroids
Challenging (loving your enemies) 
3 focuses on growth:
   1. Who you are
   2. What you do
   3. What you really care about 
Full of paradoxes 
Beatitudes are internal and personal
93
Q

Approaches to understanding parables

A
  1. Allegory: one meaning per parable

2. Modified allegorical approach: 1 point per main character

94
Q

Types of parables

A
  1. 1 point: ex. Lost coin
  2. 2 points: master/servant, servant/servant
  3. Simple 3 point: master/author figure, 2 shaves, 2 sons
  4. Complex 3 point
95
Q

The Kingdom of God is both:

A
  1. Present and future
  2. Power and place
  3. Personal and social
96
Q

EVERY parable is…

A

God announcing God’s self in and through text in way that demonstrates world, assumptions, and critical approach of the reader
WAY in which God breaks in and through is a microcosm of the Bible as a whole

97
Q

Parables call for…

A

A response ONLY
Breaks preconceptions to change them

NOT asking you to suspend intellect, heart, soul, mind, or strength

98
Q

Biblical themes that drive the gospels

A
  1. Scandal of particularity
  2. Narrative v. Apocalypse
  3. Retracing
  4. Exile
99
Q

Scandal of particularity

A

1 God, 1 creator, 1 people, 1 Jesus carries the world
Creates tension between the 1 and the many
Bible sides on the 1 AND says it’s universal

100
Q

Narrative v. Apocalypse

A 
Narrative: 
   Left to right, beginning to end, a story,
   Deals with people; social, familial
Apocalypse:
   Binary
   Deals with cosmos and powers

Jesus deals with both

101
Q

What is the turning point in the Gospels

A

The transfiguration

102
Q

Luke 9:51

A

Jesus steadfastly turned his face and headed to Jerusalem

Yahweh returned through Jesus

103
Q

Episodic nature of the Gospel of John

A
  1. I don’t know Jesus
  2. Discover Jesus
  3. Jesus is revealed
  4. Some believe and others don’t
    Repeat
104
Q

The book of Acts is a…

A

Chronological, continuous account of the resurrected Jesus
*acts in and through all of His followers (INCLUDING WOMEN)

Summary in Acts 1:8
When you receive the Spirit, you will my my witness TO THE ENDS OF THE EARTH

105
Q

Acts 2

A

Pentecost
Coming of the Spirit
50 days after Passover/Jesus’s crucifixion
Disciples still mourning
Comparative language
SAME TONGUES= BABEL IN REVERSE
Peter defends THIS IS THAT (Joel, apocalyptic)

106
Q

Plot of Acts

A

Expansion from Jerusalem

107
Q

Subplots of Acts

A
  1. External pressure (persecution and martyrdom)

2. Internal deceit (misunderstanding that Jesus is key to salvation)

108
Q

Acts 15

A

Summary decide whether circumcision is necessary
NO
Do NOT have to become Jewish first to become christian
Way to get in for gentile Christians (Pauline group) is through cross and resurrection
Way to stay in for gentile Christians (Pauline group) is through cross and resurrection
Makes cross and resurrection the beginning, middle, and end (impossible for church to form without this mentality)
Footing in Acts 15:28 about no extra requirement

109
Q

Home base for Paul

A

Antioch

110
Q

Correlation between locations and Paul’s focuses

A
  1. Jerusalem ➡️ bring collection
  2. Spain ➡️ his dream
  3. Rome ➡️ get funding for Spain
111
Q

Why Paul was taking a collection from his gentile church to the Jewish church in Jerusalem

A
  1. Jerusalem was suffering with a famine
  2. Showed Jewish church AND gentile church are ONE
  3. Showed that the gentile church knew it was indebted to the Jewish church
112
Q

Where Acts ends

A

Paul appealing to have the case for his arrest heard by Caesar in Rome
Because of his roman citizenship

113
Q

Why early Christians were persecuted

A

HERESY
Jews believed they breached monotheism by calling Jesus “Lord”
Same reason why Jesus was crucified

114
Q

Paul’s missionary strategy

A
  1. Would travel to CAPITAL CITY of each roman providence
  2. Go to leading synagogue (wanted to appeal God-fearers)
  3. Establish church houses
  4. Convert and train co-workers
  5. Put co-workers in leadership positions
  6. Leave to repeat
  7. Send someone to check on the churches (always got a bad report)
  8. Dedicated letters to correct the problems in the churches
  9. Revisit the churches
115
Q

Commonality between Paul’s views on the stories of the world, Jesus, himself, and every man; Paul’s theology

A

The cross and resurrection

Is the most important thing in the bible
Is the great reversal

116
Q

The story of every man according to Paul

A

(3 frames)
1. Is under sin– a tragedy
Born into darkness
Sin is who we are
Leads us to death
Makes you become what you never intended to be
2. Cross and resurrection
While we are still sinners, God TRANSFERS us through the Spirit and TRANSFORMS us
Jesus is what saves and renews us
Is a call to dies and be reborn every day
Core: fully Jewish, fully apocalyptic, all Jesus
2. Come to live in the Spirit
Follow the light in the smallest way & become overwhelmed by real life that sustains

117
Q

Book of Hebrews

A 
Ties New Testament with Old Testament 
A recapitulation 
Goes back to Genesis 
Uses sacrificial terms 
Ties in creation all 
It and revelation go stag to the party
118
Q

Difficulties in reading Revelation

A
  1. Combination of 4 genres
    a. Apocalyptic
    b. Letter
    c. Narrative
    d. Apocalyptic
  2. Recapitulation
  3. Is NOT just a map to be deciphered
  4. Violent language desires how violence is defeated (through suffering)
119
Q

3 approaches to reading revelation

A
  1. Predictive (problematic)
  2. Historical (problematic)
  3. Theo-poetic
120
Q

Predictive approach to reading Revelation

A

Problematic: text does not completely correspond with future
Most common (and important) way that it has been read
Everyone wants it to be predictive
Modern America has essentially made it the only way to be read

121
Q

Historical approach to reading Revelation

A

Problematic: it pushes Revelation into the past
No predictive value at all
Only about the original audience
Mirrors past politics

122
Q

Theo-poetic approach to reading Revelation

A

Story space in which readers are asked for imaginative participation
Can’t read it passively
You’re either on the side of the Lamb or not
Implies belief that it was written for the 1st century but should not be decoded by 1st century politics
Images of Revelation unmask the perennial power politics of dark forces and whatnot

123
Q

Keys to reading Revelation

A
  1. Recapitulation (ex. Seals, trumpets, cups)
  2. Nesting: characterized by containment within and intensifies the text (concentrates everything into one critical point)
  3. Inauguration: is the beginning, not the end
124
Q

The future is….

A

THE CROSS AND RESURRECTION

125
Q

The life of Jesus research

A
  1. Worshipping Jesus as God
  2. “Eating flesh and drinking blood” (Old Testament as references, not resumé)
  3. Emptying through incarnation (kenosis)
  4. Humbling
  5. Death on cross
  6. Resurrection
  7. Jesus at right hand
  8. Jesus reigns as Lord
  9. Return of Jesus
126
Q

The book of James

A

James was not an apostle but referred to as the “brother of the Lord”
Led first Christian community in Jerusalem
Almost exclusively ethical

127
Q

Suetonius

A

Roman biographer and historian

Source for understanding 2nd Temple Period

Christian Scriptures (10 decks)

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