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Funds I Lab > Final Exam Study Guide > Flashcards

Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Oral Temp Range

A

96.8 - 99.5

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2
Q

When do you need to wash your hands with soap and water?

A

after bathroom
contact-enteric
when hands are visibly soiled

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3
Q

When do you use standard precautions?

A

will ALL patients

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4
Q

Donning PPE

A

applied OUTSIDE the room
gown
mask
goggles
gloves

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5
Q

Doffing PPE

A

removed INSIDE the room, close to the door
gloves
goggles
gown
mask

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6
Q

Contact Precautions

A

organisms transmitted through touch
PPE: gowns, gloves
sanitizer / soap and water

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7
Q

Contact Precaution Examples (5)

A

bed bugs
lice
wound drainage (uncontrolled)
varicella (chicken pox)
RSV (respiratory disease in children)

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8
Q

Contact-Enteric Precautions

A

transmitted via gut
PPE: gowns, gloves, mask, eyewear, shoe cover
soap and water (if poop is involved)

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9
Q

Contact-Enteric Precaution Examples (4)

A

C. diff (bacteria)
uncontrolled diarrhea
salmonella
rota virus (kids)

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10
Q

Droplet Precautions

A

transmitted via big droplets
PPE: mask (surgical)
soap and water / sanitizer

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11
Q

Droplet Precaution Examples (5)

A

RSV
influenza
mumps
microplasma pneumonia
meningitis

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12
Q

Airborne Precautions

A

transmitted via small droplets (hang in air)
PPE: N95 mask, surgical mask on patient if have to leave room)
soap and water / sanitizer

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13
Q

Airborne Precaution Examples (4)

A

COVID-19
TB
chicken pox (varicella)
shingles

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14
Q

Multi-Drug Resistant Precautions

A

resistant to drugs
PPE: gloves, gown, mask
soap and water / sanitizer
ex: MRSA

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15
Q

Protective / Reverse Precautions

A

protecting patient
immuno-compromised patient
no live plants
soap and water / sanitizer

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16
Q

Protective / Reverse Precaution Examples (4)

A

oncology patients receiving chemo
HIV (AIDS)
transplant recipients
patient with splenectomy w/in last 5 years

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17
Q

Standard Fall Precautions (7)

A

2 bed rails
anti-slip socks
call light within reach
water/kleenex/bed pan w/in reach
clear path
night light (when available)
bed in low position, wheels locked

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18
Q

How many indicators for Fall Risk Assessment Tool

A

12

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19
Q

12 indicators for Fall Risk

A

history of fall (w/in last 3 months)
poly-pharmacy
CNS/psychotic medication
cardiovascular medication
age greater than 65
altered elimination
cognitive deficit
sensory deficit
dizziness/vertigo
depression
mobility deficit/weakness
male gender

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20
Q

What score on fall scale indicates a high risk for falls?

A

4 or greater

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21
Q

High Risk Fall Interventions (7)

A

gait belt
“safe” band on patient
signage on door
turn alarm on bed
alarm for seated patient
3 bed rails
communication

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22
Q

Fowler’s

A

between 45 and 60 degrees
sitting position

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23
Q

Semi-Fowler’s

A

between 30 and 45 degrees

24
Q

Orthopneic

A

tripod position

upright, pillow on table, lean on pillow/table

allows for lung expansion

25
Q

Dorsal Recumbent

A

pt lies on back with legs flexed and rotated outward

26
Q

Lateral

A

pt lays on side

27
Q

Sims

A

pt lies on left side, left hip and leg straight, right hip and knee bent

28
Q

Prone

A

pt lies of stomach

29
Q

Supine

A

pt lies flat on back

30
Q

Trendelenburg

A

head lower than feet

increase blood flow to brain

31
Q

Types of Baths (6) and what they are

A

complete bed bath: head to toe
assist/set up: can bathe but cannot gather supplies
partial bath: face, hands, back, perineal, axilla, feet
bag bath: pre-packaged wipes
tub bath: pt takes bath in bathtub
shower: pt takes shower

32
Q

Safety Considerations for Baths (5)

A

don’t leave pt alone
pt may slip
shower chair
call light in shower
shower bench

33
Q

Arab Heritage Diet Considerations

A

bread is served at every meal
no pork, meats cooked well done
food is eaten with right hand
beverages are drunk after the meal not during

34
Q

Jewish Heritage Diet Considerations

A

dietary laws govern the killing, preparation, and eating of foods
meat and animal milk are not eaten at the same time; dairy substitutes are permitted
pork is forbidden
all blood must be drained from meats
always wash hands before eating

35
Q

Mexican Heritage Diet Considerations

A

rice, beans, and tortillas are core, essential foods
being overweight may be viewed as positive
the main meal of the day is at NOONTIME

36
Q

Intake and Output

A

intake is everything liquid
output is everything that comes out

document in mL

37
Q

Minimum Urine Output Requirement

A

30 mL/hr for adults

38
Q

Fecal Impaction: what is it? how is it assessed? how is it relieved? special considerations?

A

hardened feces in rectum
digital (finger) exam
pull away at impaction until the rest begins to flow
vagus nerve may be stimulated and pt will pass out

39
Q

Peri stomal and Stoma Skin

A

peri stomal skin should be normal
stoma should be pink/beefy and moist

40
Q

How often should you change an ostomy appliance?

A

weekly unless signs of skin breakdown are noted

empty bag about half full

41
Q

Routine Urine Specimen

A

no time frame around it (drug screen or pregnancy test)

42
Q

Clean Catch for C & S

A

sterile sample, to figure out what bacteria it is, midstream, peri-care before, may do straight cath

43
Q

Foley Catheter

A

only collect specimen right when placed in pt, use blue port to collect after bag is inserted, do NOT take sample from bag

44
Q

Timed Urine

A

over a period of time, must collect every drop of urine within the time frame, sample collection bag is on ice to keep cold

45
Q

Nasal Cannula

A

1-6 L/min
24-44% of oxygen
use for mild shortness of breath
also have high flow cannula

46
Q

Simple Mask

A

4-8 L/min
40-60% of oxygen
may use for mouth breathers
may cause claustrophobic feeling

47
Q

Venturi Mask

A

4-15 L/min
24-60% of oxygen
Most ACCURATE oxygen delivery
use for COPD patients (constriction of the airways)

48
Q

Non-Rebreather Mask

A

10-15 L/min
100% of oxygen
use for patients in extreme respiratory distress
must have good fit
must have bag inflated with oxygen

49
Q

Preventing DVT/PE

A

antiembolic stockings (TED hose)
Intermittent Pneumatic Compression (IPC) Devices (alternating compression between legs)
Anticoagulants (coumadin, lovenox, heparin)

50
Q

S&S for DVT

A

leg pain, warm, swollen, red

51
Q

S&S for PE

A

chest pain, hurt on inspiration, dyspnea, decreased O2 sat, Increased RR, HR, and BP

52
Q

Contraindications to Heat Therapy

A

after surgery, traumatic injury for up to 24 hours, hemorrhage, skin disorders

53
Q

Contraindications to Cold Therapy

A

allergy/hypersensitivity to cold

54
Q

Contraindications for Heat and Cold Therapy

A

neurosensitivity impairment, impaired mental status, impaired circulation, on open wound

55
Q

Types of Restraints and What they are (3)

A

physical: any device that limits movement of body parts
chemical: pharmacological (Haldol)
seclusion: confinement to room where pt is alone and unable to leave

56
Q

Safety Concerns for Seizures

A

NEVER PUT ANYTHING IN PT’S MOUTH DURING SEIZURE

57
Q

Interventions for Seizures

A

protect head
turn pt on side
oxygen if needed
suction if needed after
reassess after (vitals, A&O, neuro, etc)

Funds I Lab (7 decks)

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